Abousir is an archeological site located at twenty-five kilometers in the South-west of the Cairo, known by the Pyramide S of several Pharaons of. Of the fourteen excavated and partially restored monuments, whose at least seven pyramids, only five are still worth visiting, those of Sahourê, Niouserrê, Néférirkarê and of Néferefrê, as well as the pyramid of Khentkaous {{II}}. The others are the subject still of work of release and identification.

Within sight of the private interest that had it for this site accessible since a water reserve of the river which formed a true lake, it is probable that the royal palace was located near the site.

A little in north the field the pyramids a necropolis going back to was recently identified and reveals that Abousir was already a developed urban center. Indeed oldest Mastaba dates from the reign of Snéfrou and the site was used until showing the longevity of an establishment for the alive ones located in the vicinity. These discoveries would thus try to prove that Memphis was also located in the immediate surroundings of Abousir or in all the cases extended until there.

A royal city and of pyramid was to thus exist and was founded starting from the reign of Sahourê and the site was to then form the " faubourg" septentrional of the capital of the time, Memphis. Popular quarters, workshops of craftsmen, port and stores royal just like the royal residence would be then to seek under the current cultures and the palm plantations which were installed on the old bed of the river and its immediate surroundings.

One must once again with the majority of the monumental buildings of the surroundings and with the site of Abou Ghorab, they are at least two solar temples and at least six pyramids, certainly, of size reduced compared to those of Gizeh but which rose at the Western horizon with their temples of worship and the districts of the priests. Apart from these places of worships whose files on papyri found exceptionally on the site show that they remained in activity until the end of the Ancient Empire, the site includes/understands a series of mastaba intended for the court and royal family, of which one that of Ptahchepsès is undoubtedly one of the largest buildings of the kind.

Finally in the south of the site two tombs with pits dating from the Low Time were released where the old statements of the first Egyptologists saw the vestiges of antiques unfinished pyramids. Built on an already known model with Saqqarah for the same period, it is more the identity of one of the owner who astonished at the time of the discovered one: Oudjahorresné, priest of Neith, personal doctor of the king, great chamberlain, that one even which composed titulature of Cambyse {{II}} following the first invasion Perse, and whose museum of the the Vatican to Rome preserves a statue known as autobiographical, because the text which she door reports the exploits of the man and in particular the close link which attached it to the King of the Kings.

The other tomb was intact discovery with its funerary furniture and its sealed sarcophagus and belonged to Iufâa, character carrying of the similar functions but somewhat former to Oudjahorresné.

The whole of these monuments and discovered which were carried out by a Czech archaeological mission since the Seventies until our days show the richness of the site and promise new discoveries for the next excavation campaigns.

The site is the subject also of installation for its opening to the public.