Abkhazian

The Abkhazian (in Abkhazian аҧсуабызшәа) is a Caucasian Langue particularly complex, spoken mainly in the the Caucasus, in Abkhazie. According to the constitution géorgienne, the Abkhazian is one of the two official languages (with the Géorgien) of Abkhazie, within the Republic of Georgia.

Classification

The Abkhazian is a Caucasian language group abkhazo-adygien. The Abkhazian is a language originating in the north of the Caucasus, currently in Russia.

Geographical distribution

The Abkhazian is spoken by approximately 101.000 people in Abkhazie, an area of the Georgia, by 4.000 people in Turkey and a few hundreds in Ukraine.

Dialects

The Abkhazian has three principal dialects:
  • the dialect bzâp in the north of Abkhazie (in Abkhazian: бзыҧ)
  • the dialect abz' âwa (aбжьыуа) in the south of Abkhazie like
  • the dialect sadz , spoken in Turkey.
The dialect abz' âwa is used as a basis for the Abkhazian literary language.

Characteristics

The Abkhazian, like the majority of the languages of the Caucasus, is very rich in consonants, but comprises only two distinct vowels, whose allophones are formed. The Abkhazian is a language Agglutinante, like all the languages of the north of the Caucasus. Its system of verbs is very complex, but its system of names is very simple. There are only two cases in Abkhazian, the Nominatif and the Adverbial.

Writing

The Abkhazian uses an alternative of the Cyrillic alphabet introduced in 1954 after the wish expressed by the Abkhazians not to use the alphabet géorgien more. The oldest document written in Abkhazian dates from the 17th century. It is about a text using the Arab writing , collected by the Turkish traveller Evliya Çelebi. The Abkhazian has been used as a literary language only for 100 years. During the Stalinist period in Soviet Union, it was interdict to use the Abkhazian in the literary productions.

See too

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • Newspaper of voyage of Frederic Dubois de Montpéreux
  • Abkhaz (Languages off the World)
  • Abkhazian Keyboard in line

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