Abd Al-Aziz of Morocco

Abd Al-Aziz (1878 - 1943), (Arab: عبدالعزيزالرابع) Sultan of the Morocco (1894 - 1908)

Wire of Hassan I {{er}} and of a slave circassienne of the name of Lalla Rkia, it reaches the throne at the 14 years age the June 7th 1894, his/her older brother having been disinherited. The top dog Ba-Ahmed exerts regency until his death in 1900. He continues the policy of balance between the European powers.

Although intelligent and sympathetic nerve, but too young to control, the young sultan prefers to be devoted to the pleasures of the sport and the gallant festivals in the Jardins of Agdal.

It seizes the power on the throne of Morocco with died of the regent Ba Ahmed. Its lack of personality makes think of the public opinion and the foreign observers that Morocco forwards itself to the loss of its independence. His/her mother imposes to him like top dog El Hadj el-Moktar who controls only a few months. As from 1901, Abd Al-Aziz controls with the assistance of European advisers, in particular English, such its Harris favorite, who misuse his inexperience. It tries to modernize the feudal structures of the country. In September 1901, it applies a great administrative reform and tax: suppression of the Koranic taxes and transformation of the caïds into paid Makhzen. These brutally imposed revolutionary measurements cause a wave of dissatisfaction at the notable ones which enter in open fight against the central government. Morocco divides between several factions which the sultan does not have the means of controlling. The May 13rd 1903, a rebellion carried out by rebellious tribes bursts. This revolt the purpose of which was of détrôner the sultan and to drive out the Minister for the war and its European entourage was carried out by Bou Hamara. Not having sufficient troop to subdue the rebellion which agitated the area of Oujda and Tétouan, the sultan calls upon France.

At the time of the Moroccan crisis of 1905, (Blow of Tangier), the instigation of the Germany, the sultan asks for the convocation of an International Conference on Morocco (April 1st 1905).

The country collapsing under the debts, the sultan signs in July 1906 the treated Algeciras which shares the influence on Morocco between France and Spain. The independence of the sultan and the integrity of Morocco are guaranteed, the empire of the sherifs remains open to the companies of all the nations. France and Morocco are in charge of the police force of the Moroccan ports. The monitoring of the borders with the Algeria, the framing of the Moroccan police force and the presidency of the Central bank are entrusted to France.

France receives in Morocco of the policing powers. It is for this reason that Lyautey occupies Oujda in 1907. In 1908, 6000 French soldiers with the orders of the Drude General unload with Casablanca.

It is détroné the January 4th 1908 by his brother Abd Al-Hafid helped by the pasha of Marrakech Thami El Glaoui, anxious of the rise of the foreign influence.

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