Abd Al-Aziz Ben Abd Al-Rahman Al Saoud

Abdel Aziz Ibn Saoud (November 24th 1880 - November 9th 1953), often called simply Ibn Séoud or Ibn Saoud in Western historiography, was king of the Saudi Arabia September 22nd 1932 with the November 9th 1953.

It starts in 1902 the reconquest of the kingdom which its ancestors had lost while joining a tribe known for its strict interpretation of Islam: the Wahhabites, (this term is commonly used by the detractors of this movement to indicate a puritan position of Islam). Abdel Aziz tried to renew an unfruitful coup attempt of State which was tried eight centuries earlier by an ancestor of Ibn Saoud which joined the tribe wahhabite to reverse the royalist mode in place. After Riyadh, and the province of the Nadjd in the center of the country (1906), it seizes the Hasa in the east (1913), part of Asir to south-west (1921) and Hedjaz in the west (1924-25), becoming thus Master of Médine and Mecque.

In 1932, it joins together its conquests in a single State, the kingdom of Saudi Arabia with which the treaty of Taëf of 1934 associates the three Yemeni provinces of the Asir, Najran and Jizan.

Starting from 1938, the prosperity of the kingdom is related to the exploitation of the oil and fact of this State one of most powerful of the Middle East. In 1945, the king Abd Al-Aziz concludes with the president Franklin D. Roosevelt an strategic agreement moved by the Géopolitique from the oil, which placed Saudi Arabia in the economic orbit and under American military protection. Saudi Arabia had yielded the exploitation of its oil resources to the United States. The same year, it becomes member of the United Nations and the Arab Ligue. Officially during the second world war, Ibn Saoud of Arabia took a neutral position. However, he was considered favorable to the allies.

He had twenty wives who gave him forty-five son, to see the princely Famille Ibn Saoud.

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