Abbey of Gorze

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The founded abbey of Gorze close to Metz towards 747 adopts in 933 the Règle bénédictine and is at the origin of a monastic reform which will diffuse with all the Saint Empire.

Foundation

The abbey of Gorze is founded towards 747 by Saint Chrodegang, bishop of Metz. Rome then supports the foundation of many monasteries in the kingdom Franc and entrusts the relics of Gorgonius Saint to him.

Reform bénédictine

With the approach of the Year millet, religious enthusiasm is done more intense, the Pèlerinage S and eremitic or monastic vocations multiply. Jean de Vandières, a rich person landowner, is convinced with the return of a pilgrimage to Rome in 933 by the Einold archdeacon of Toul to devote itself to the monastic life. It enters to the Abbaye of Gorze in 933, (he will become the abbot in about it 960). It insufflates with Einold a rather strict Règle bénédictine. Its allured operating process and other abbeys adopt it. It thus creates for itself a monastic movement of reform which develops in all the Saint Worsens.

From an organisational point of view, Gorze contrary in Cluny, does not develop during Ecclesia Cluniacensis . Whereas Cluny was directed of in top by an archi-abbot, Gorze remains the first monastery of a line of establishments equal, bound to between-them simply in a fraternal way, by the common Prière and the friendship. Nobody is in right in this diagram to express any controls legal on whoever. In addition, if the independence of the Abbaye S with regard to the laic or ecclesiastical capacities is the principal combat which carried out the Moine S at that time in Francie (Cluny depends directly on Rome), it is differently in the Saint Worsens, where the Monastère S remain the property of laic which founded them and remain under the jurisdiction of the bishop S.

In Germanic Lotharingie and , the diffusion of the reform is very important, and would touch closely or by far more than one hundred fifty Monastère S. the monks of Gorze disperse into different Abbaye S to reform them. With Metz, in 936, the Saint Martin's day abbey is reformed by Salecho, which is clerk there before becoming monk of Gorze. Towards 940, the bishop Metz-native Frederic, uncle of Adalbéron, reform the abbey Saint-Hubert. Saint-Arnoul, from canonic chapter, passes to the statute of regular monastery towards 942, once again by episcopal will. Its first abbot, Héribert, come from Gorze. Another monk of Gorze, Erluin is first abbot of the founded monastery of Gembloux towards 945 by one as of his friends, Guibert, which is made monk with Gorze. Erluin will direct also the abbey of Soignies, where the canons are, there still, replaced by monks. With the abbey of Lobbes, on the other hand, Erluin will know a failure.

Approximately twenty-three Prieuré S Benedictines will be created at the 11th century in Lorraine, sign of the dynamism of the reforms undertaken and the monastic rise, which had partly with the expansion of the abbey of Gorze, which will have a certain impact on the economy lotharingienne. The abbey of Einsiedeln becomes the pole of the monastic reform of Gorze in the area, which will give birth to then the abbeys from Poussay (1018), of Muri (between 1027 and 1030), of Bouzonville (1033), of Hermetschwil (towards 1083), of Münster (1086) and of Engelberg (little before 1124), but one can also quote Moyenmoutier, Saint-Evre of Toul or Saint-Maximin of Trier.

It takes part thus in the Renaissance ottono-clunisienne.

End of the Middle Ages and Rebirth

In XIVe century, the monastic discipline is slackened.

Gorze will become " thereafter; royale" abbey; , placed under the protection of king de France. It will be set fire to by the Burgundian ones in 1479 and still plundered by the latter in 1483.

During the wars of religion, after having accommodated Guillaume Farel, Pasteur Metz-native, the Earth of Gorze is taken by storm by the troops of Claude of Lorraine, duke of Own way.

In 1572, the pope Gregoire XIII secularizes the abbey of Gorze.

Sources

Jean Schneider, Article Gorze, Dictionary of history and geography ecclesiastics , Letouzey and Ané
Anne Wagner, Gorze in XIe century , Brepols, 1996

External bonds

Gorze on the universal encyclopedia

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