A black kreuzer of Bavaria

The a black kreuzer of Bavaria is the first Timbre-poste emitted by the Bavaria on November 1st 1849, and by there, the first emitted in German territory .

It is known under the name of Schwarzer Einser in German because of his graphics.

Description

Square and not notched, this stamp carries the figure of its facial value in a small square. Around, mentions “EIN KREUZER - BAYERN - FREE” (a kreuzer - Bavaria - port). In each corner, figure 1 is included. Many interlacings in the drawing were to make it possible to detect the false stamps. It is one of some first stamps of a country not to represent the local sovereign or an allegory.

The Poinçon was engraved by Franz Josef Seitz, and was printed in Typographie by Georg Weiss, printer of the university of Munich.

It was useful for a simple letter or a printed paper form of less than 16 grams, sent in the same city. The Bavarian post offices decided to adopt the postage stamp to reform a very powerful postal system, but very much used.

There were two types:

in 1849, the first pulling was done with copper boards, not solid enough, from where many varieties progressively of wear.
in July 1850, withdrawing uses brass boards; the stamps are of a better engraving.

This stamp is withdrawn from the sale in October 1851, but is démonétisé only the August 31st 1864.

This stamp is sought by the German collectors, which gives him dimensions from 1.000 to 3.000 euros depending on the state.

First of a series

The “one kreuzer” is smallest of a series taking again same graphics:

3 kreuzer blue
6 kreuzer vermilion.

This model of stamps was useful until 1862 in several values. The “one kreuzer” was thus emitted pink, then in yellow. Several of these values comprise a silk wire in paper.

Obliteration

The “one kreuzer” is known only in obliterated specimens , except three new blocks which belonged to the collection of Philippe de Ferrari. On the 832.500 drawn ones, the Bavarian post offices evaluated the sales with 725.000 specimens. But, for lack of files preserved accounts, one lost the trace of 107.000 unsold goods.

The postmarks of the time are of two types:

half-circle.
wheel of mill carrying the number of the office of departure.

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