9 mm Parabellum
The 9 mm Parabellum is a gauge of cartridge intended for the automatic pistols introduces in 1902 on the guns Luger. It is sometimes named 9 mm Para or 9 mm Luger . Its metric denomination is 9x19 mm . It is to date the gauge of handgun most largely widespread in the world. It is used for Pistolet S and almost all the machine pistols. Adopted as an official cartridge by the German military marine as of 1904, it will become the standard in the German army later four years with the P08 gun of 10 cm. It is today the ammunition of standard handgun of NATO
Deployed in all the semi-automatic Gun S of the European armies, it is even more massively employed in the machine pistols. Its prevalence did not cease growing and there is hardly but with the the United States which it is blamed. Because it is the ammunition of standard handgun of NATO, the 9mm Parabellum was however adopted by the the United States in 1985 to replace the .45 when they gave up the Colt M1911 with the profit of the Beretta Modèle 92-F.
FBI also adopted the 9 mm Parabellum but reconsidered its decision, considering that the ammunition missed effectiveness and adopted temporarily the 10 mm Car. The 9 mm Parabellum actually is criticized, in particular with the the United States traditionally attached to the .45 ACP STATES, its too low diameter being considered to cause damage sufficient to immediately neutralize the target apart from the impacts with the head or the nervous system. The FBI thus produced specifications which led to the 10mm Auto, a too powerful ammunition to be appropriate for all the gunners and ultimately adopted the .40 S&W another ammunition of 10 mm of a power lower constituting a serious competitor today than the 9mm Parabellum.
The 9 mm however remains a ammunition impossible to circumvent, undoubtedly because it offers an excellent compromise between power and retreat, in particular thanks to its important initial speed, its gauge makes it possible to offer more compact weapons or of great capacity.
Ballistics of the 9mm military Parabellum current
The specifications of this ammunition can vary according to the loadings and the length of the gun of the weapon. Thus, with the wire of time, the 9mm Parabellum gained in power, the mechanism of Luger P08 would pain to fire the modern ammunition. The 9 mm Standard Parabellum of NATO shows nevertheless the following characteristics:-
Ball: armor-plated warhead (FMJ - Full Metal Jacketed )
- Dimensions: 9 X 19 mm
- Mass of the ball: 8 G
- Mass of the cartridge: 12 G
- initial Speed: 350 m/s
Parabellum derives its name from the Latin currency “ If screw pacem, para bellum ”: if you want peace, prepares the war.
Drawn since a Machine pistol equipped with a gun longer than that from a conventional Gun, the 9mm Parabellum can reach 400 m/s with the mouth of the weapon.
Synonyms
- 9 mm
- 9 mm Luger
- 9 mm Luger Parabellum
- 9 mm NATO
- 9 X 19 mm
- 9 X 19 mm NATO
*9 mm Parabellum
*9 mm Para
== Voir also ==
* [[Beretta Models 2/1/3]]
== Liens ==
* [http://briconique.free.fr/cartouches.html a file on the firearms]
* [http://www.reloadbench.com/cartridges/p9lug.html a site on the 9 mm Parabellum (in English)]
{{Military Gate history}}
[[Category: Ammunition]]
[[Cs: 9 mm Luger]]
[[da: 9 mm Luger Parabellum]]
[[of: 9 mm Parabellum]]
[[in: 9 mm Luger Parabellum]]
[[be: 9 mm Parabellum]]
[[it: 9 Parabellum]]
[[ja: 9mm パラベラム弾]]
[[N: Kaliber 9 mm Parabellum]]
[[No: 9 X 19 mm Luger]]
[[pl: Nabój 9 X 19 mm Parabellum]]
[[Ru: 9×19 ммПарабеллум]]
[[SSL: 9x19 mm Parabellum]]
[[zh: 9 毫米鲁格弹
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