3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of the fine arts

The 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of the fine arts (Ensba) of Paris, commonly named " Art schools of Paris " is a very prestigious school of art in the whole world.
It is about a national public corporation related to administration raising directly of the supervision of the State via the ministry in charge of the culture.

The discipline Architecture until in 1968 formed integral part of those taught to the ENSBA, the Minister for the culture of then André Malraux, to break with the Académisme and to calm the political conflicts, created Teaching Units of Architecture (UPA) on all the territory, but breaking the unit of the disciplines of the Art schools. The UPA were transformed since into higher National schools of architecture ENSA.

An exceptional situation

Its historical and cultural situation exceptional, attracting many pupils foreign artists and French departments, allows in fact, in addition to the lectures, studies by direct immersion-impregnation, from the presence:

  • famous artists as professors (known as " Chief of Atelier").
  • great proximity of very many museums of Arts or other fields.
  • the Academy of the Art schools near.
  • Of very many various and varied art galleries.
  • Of the meeting places, the Bar S the pallet etc… to list]]--> binding the young artists to young people and the Art lovers S.
  • " workshops of artists per thousands in Paris and around, i.e. the easy meeting with artists experienced in activity.
  • the presence of young artists of the whole world confirmed often already a little in their country.

History of the buildings

The School of the fine arts forms a vast unit located vis-a-vis the Musée of Louvre, in the middle of Saint-Germain-of-Meadows, whose buildings are distributed on more than two hectares, between the Rue Bonaparte and the Quai Malaquais, and date from 18th, and even for certain parts, of the 20th century.

The oldest construction is the vault and its additional buildings, high at the beginning of the 17th century for the convent of Small-Augustins, in which was arranged by Alexandre Lenoir (1761 - 1839), for the period of the Révolution and the First Empire, the Musée of the French monuments with the most remarkable elements of the French sculptures. To the closing of the museum, in 1816, the places are assigned to the School of the fine arts.

The architect François Debret (1777 - 1850) is in charge of the construction of new buildings. He builds initially the building of the Cabins, essential to the operation of the contests, and begins the Palate of the studies. Its pupil and brother-in-law Felix Duban (1797 - 1872) succeed to him by continuing the construction of the Palate of the studies and by constructing the building of the exposures (room Melpomène and Foch room) giving on the Malaquais quay. It arranged the courses of entry on the side of the street Bonaparte, the vault and the cloister (court of the Mulberry tree) of the old convent. Duban re-used elements architectural and decorative, sometimes disparate, remained after the dispersion of the collections of the Musée of the French monuments places from there, giving to the unit an undeniable unit. Among most remarkable of this “re-employment”, it is necessary to note the presence of many elements coming from the castles of Anet and Gaillon whose arc, placed between course of entry and honor, formed integral part of the principal frontage of the Palate of the studies and this, until its disassembling in 1977. The work of Felix Duban is found, since, strongly denatured.

It in 1883 that the School will know its last great extension with the purchase of the hotel of Chimay and its appendices, dating from, is located at the 15 and 17 quai Malaquais.

After 1945, new workshops of three stages, located on both sides room known as “of Melpomène”, are designed by the architect Auguste Perret.

Constructions " parasites" and restorations

A recurring problem since 1969: lack of space to study

After 1945, new workshops of three stages, located on both sides room known as “of Melpomène”, whose halls of the secretariat, are designed by the architect Auguste Perret, choking the old historical buildings, in order to try to very quickly satisfy magnifying manpower especially as from 1968 (9 UP of architecture in 1976). New buildings were built on the spot, then eradications of complete UP of the historical buildings were done in increasingly distant and scattered buildings, street Jacques Callot Paris 6 {{E}}, Rue of Flanders Paris 19 {{E}}. End of the year 1970 the building of studies of the Course of the Cabins was elevated of two stages. Prefabricated buildings, even, were installed between the Palais of the studies and the Hôtel of Chimay in the years 1990. The small Historical Workshop of Georges Jeanclos, located on the side right back of the Palate of the studies was destroyed in these same years 1990.
In 2007 five new workshops opened their doors has St Ouen (93): workshops of Forging mill, ceramics, composite materials, mosaic and size

Restorations of the places

In the years 1975 to 1985, the ministry for the Culture privileging the inheritance made carry out many restorations of the buildings " historique": Being given important remainders of old the Museum of the French monuments and known as " Museum of Beautiful-Arts" :

  • It course " Bonaparte" including/understanding many architectural elements muséal.
  • the " Palate of the Studies " , or was located a good part of the Museum of studies, her splendid large canopy, the painted walls of the two masterly staircases and the large corridors.
  • the " Course of Mûrier" and its galleries (pitiful restorations not having held a decade from their very bad quality).
  • court of the hotel of Chimay.
  • the " Chapelle" , which during the years 1970, contained in reserve part of old the " Museum of Beautiful-arts" , because the principle of the study by " Copy " starting from works (Original or " copies fidèles") was almost abandoned.

Pedagogy

Visual art

Current teaching contents

The Art schools are organized in workshops, contrary to the majority of the other schools of art which function by course.

The duration of the studies in Ensba is three years at least, five years to the maximum and one year nonobligatory post-diploma.

It breaks up into:

  • a first multi-field year; during the 1st six-month period, the students fit in a workshop, according to the meetings and of the exchanges which they will have had with the teachers;
  • two years of artistic, practical and theoretical training. This first 3 years cycle is sanctioned by a diploma;
  • one year of experimentation and opening (training courses, voyages);
  • one year of preparation of the diploma.

Since 2006 teaching is put at the European standards and the school year breaks up into 2 six-month periods sanctioned by a number of CPU minimum obligatory (Unitées of credit)

Structure

August 1st



History of its pedagogies

Old royal Academy, it was a ENS, a University until in 1968. The School of the Art schools was also a school of architecture, since the disciplines known as of the Art schools are academically the Peinture, the Sculpture and the Architecture. The political movements and social of May and June 1968 brought the Minister for the culture of then André Malraux, to break with the Académisme and to calm the political conflicts has to reform very in-depth this University. It was administratively removed for the current administrative formula which separated architecture from the other disciplines by creating the teaching units of architecture (UPA) on all the territory; they became from the Schools of architecture, then into 2005 the higher National schools of architecture.

Art-plastics

Reforms

From 1969 around 1985, in the three disciplines, Peinture - Engraving - Sculpture PGS the studies proceeded on average over five years. The already graduate foreign students of the school of the Art schools of their own country, exempted to pass some UV (units of values) remained frequently only two years to obtain the DSAP.

Recruitment was done by contest: drawing, test in the selected discipline and especially a file of work carried out before with discussion with some professors of the School, the Jury. The ENSBA is the only 3Ecole Nationale Sup3erieure of the Art schools network. For the Arising S French the admission with the ENSBA often prepares in other schools:

  • municipal, regional Art schools (since the middle of the years 1970) (it existed forever of departmental school contrary to the Teacher training schools teachers and others)
  • Courses deprived particularly in Paris region.
  • Parisian Specificity: for the Parisian young people of mediums modest, since the Town of Paris (aberration?), in spite of an attempt fallen through in the years 1990, and the suburban towns never had schools of Art schools to accommodate of the student full-time, those could not reach directly after mainstream education the studies of the Art schools, in front in fact to fold back itself on the studies of applied arts. The reform of 1969 with license to democratize the admission at the school, of a selective ultra recruitment (a few tens of pupils), the school allowed during about fifteen year approximately 500 pupils to per annum be allowed (approximately 600 allowed, including 200 directly in workshop, for 1400 applicants).

Access to the diploma:

the student was free to take the time which was appropriate to him (this being very favorable to the hard-working students) to arise to the diploma with the agreement of the foreman that it had chosen (and which had accepted it) after having obtained 11 or 14 Unit of Values (UV), according to the sections, corresponding to as many lectures or of workshop specialized, including two UV the first year to be authorized to continue.
Although the studies were supposed officially to proceed in five years, as there was not d'" années" , nor of section formalizing that thus, the pupil artist could possibly made lead a free course of one workshop to the other, discipline to another and even pass the various diplomas corresponding to the various disciplines.

Recruitment of the professors
Until about 1985, the college of the Foremen, often of the very famous artists, was recruited by external co-optation or intern of former students, become assistants. Under the ministry of Jack Lang collegial recruitment was removed for a choice carried out directly by the ministry.

Delivered diplomas
From 1969 with 1991: There was one diploma, the Higher Diploma of Visual art (D.S.A.P), with mention of the discipline. A graduate student of the DSAP could thus pass by again it for the two other disciplines at a rate of obtaining some UV S specific. To the opening of Art-Plastic faculties the DSAP was the most diploma existing in practice artistic in France, and very snuffed by the foreign student-artists. In the years 1990 the DSAP was replaced by the Higher National Diploma of Visual art 'D.N.S.A.P.un diploma of 3rd year, and of the masters were create.

Structure

August 1st



The Library of the Art schools

August 1st

The Museum of the Art schools

August 1st

Public exposures

August 1st

the Loan of buildings and financings external

August 1st

Members of the ENSBA

Directors

Famous teachers

Famous former students

Internal bonds

To see too

Random links:Lacédémon | Black door (Ground of the Medium) | Montmeillant | Hormizd Ier | Confrontations Europe | Calcutta_(jeu)