1st regiment of riflemen

May 1st, 1994 with Golbey, in the presence of the heirs to the armed with Africa, legionaries, Spahis, Zouaves and Artillerist S, the 170 {{E}} regiment of infantry, which kept the flag of the 7 {{E}} Régiment of Algerian Riflemen, became the " 1st Regiment of Tirailleurs". It is officially recreated under the command of Colonel Gendras Jean-Guy, in the presence of Mister Philippe Seguin, deputy and mayor of Epinal and Mister François Léotard, Minister for Defense.

The history wanted that this new regiment takes again the traditions of the 1 {{er}} Régiment of Algerian Riflemen and its currency " First always premier".

Its flag

It is decorated with the Cross of the Légion of honor, the Military Cross 1914-1918 with 4 palms and of the Gold medal of the Town of Milan. It also raises the Fourragère to the colors of the ribbon of the Military decoration.

It bears in its folds the names of 14 battles:

''' Laghouat ''' 1852
''' Sébastopol ''' 1854-1855
''' Turbigo ''' 1859
''' San-Lorenzo ''' 1863
Campaign the Far East 1884-1885
Chad 1900
''' Morocco ''' 1907-1913-1918
''' Somme ''' - 1916
''' Verdun ''' 1916
''' Saint-Thierry ''' 1918
Pichon 1943
the Vosges 1944
''' Indo-China ''' 1947-1954
''' AFN ''' 1952-1962

Its badge

Heraldic

Crescent of money open on a routed and openwork Arab currency meaning " First always premier" summoned hand of Fatima charged with the figure " 1" same the, charged one with a swallow to the naturalness holding in its nozzle a saltire of tibiae with ingenuous surmounted by a sinople star of the sherifs.

Description

Old badge, out of silver plated metal, of the 1st Regiment of Algerian Riflemen. Overlapping the figure " partly; 1" , a star with 5 branches edged of gold, emptied and interlaced. In the lower part of the badge is affixed a black swallow with throat and belly white, prickly of the right-hand side towards the left and holding in its nozzle two cross white tibiae.

Symbolic system

The badge support represents the old badge of the 1st RTA whose 170e regiment of infantry took again name. This badge made up of a crescent, which refers to the lunar calendar adopted by the Muslim world, of the Main of Fatima, which moves away the " bad œil" , of the chiffre" 1" and of its currency.

The green star with five branches, symbol of the " Perfection" , the heritage of the Moroccan riflemen represents.

The swallow is the bond between several regiments of Moroccan and Algerian riflemen profiting from the qualifier " swallows of the mort". That points out also the 170e IH which had also this symbol on its badge.

Its badge of beret

Heraldic

Open gold crescent.

Description

Like the crescent of the regimental badge, it refers to the Moslem lunar calendar. The crescent of the moon (Hilal) is also the symbol of resurrection. The open cut of the crescent of the moon gives the delimitation of the beginning and the end of the Ramadan.

He is recalled on the attributes of behavior: Distinguished of handle, shoulder pad S, Distinguished of collar, and Kepi.

Its fodder

The First Regiment of Riflemen, heir to the 1 {{er}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen, took again the distinctions and the decorations obtained by this last. It is for this reason that are flag and all the personnel of the regiment carries the fodder one to the colors of the ribbon of the Military decoration.

The 1st Regiment of Algerian Riflemen (ex 1 {{er}} Régiment of Walk of Riflemen) was four times quoted at the order of the Army during the war 1914 -1918 what gave him the right to dated January 3rd, 1919 carry the fodder one to the colors of the Military decoration by decision of the marshal as a chief.

The four quotations which were worth this distinction to him are:

the Sum (Bouchavesnes), by General order n°403 of October 21st, 1916 of the Armed Life;
Aisne, by General order n°348 of July 20th, 1918 of the V {{E}} Armed;
Prunay, by General order n°453 of December 17th, 1918 of Ve Armée;
Neufchâtel, by General order of January 19th, 1919 of Ve Armée.

Its Spree

The Fanfare Nouba of the 1st Regiment of Riflemen took his name during the creation of the regiment, on May 1st, 1994. It is resulting from the Music of the 170 {{E}} regiment of infantry, him even holder of the traditions of the 7th Regiment of Algerian Riflemen.

The Spree of the First riflemen is without any doubt the best ambassador of the regiment near the general public; she strikes imagination by her two original characteristics: traditional behavior of the musicians and the presence of Messaoud, its Mascot.

Its origin

It is not possible to determine at which time the riflemen started to have similar formations. Writings report the presence of the musicians of spree, for the Centenary of Algeria in 1860. The oldest differently known representation is the spree of the 4th Battalion of the 2nd Riflemen by Detailed, gone back to 1884. In any case, this Arab music remains perfectly nonlawful until 1958. Also does not have it a quite fixed composition. Most important could count to 80 executants divided between the battery, the Harmonie and the Spree: indigenous folk group made up of traditional local instruments whose most famous remainder without question the Raïta, kind of Moroccan flute whose sound points out that of the bombards Breton and who forms the background music. One finds there also drums Arab, Darbouka S or Tebel S, either large, diameter of a large case, or small, diameter of a drum of ordinance and which goes the skin perpendicular on the ground. Tambourines or Bendhir S, sometimes of the derboukas double facts of 2 tended half-spheres of skin, more rarely of the Karbakou S, plates of iron that one entrechoque and always a Chinese Chapeau supplement the formation. The Chinese hat would have appeared only after the Great War; in any case, the 3rd RMTA has one in 1920 of them, in the Rhineland. After the 1920 all regiments have a Chinese hat, different from one body to another according to the taste of the chief of police; This copper instrument is equipped with grelots and tails of horse. About 1930, certain regiments add to the spree an animal mascot, often a ram, sometimes a Mouflon. Since the reorganization of the musics in 1996, the Spree counts among the formations of the " type; Brass band of infantry " and has a theoretical manpower of 29 executants left again primarily between the coppers and saxophones reinforced by a desk of drums and percussions. The Spree ravels, still today, behind a Chinese hat which is preceded by the mascot; the Messaoud ram. Since 2002, the Spree is attached to the Compagnie anti-tank device and there arms the 4th section. Simultaneously with their musical formation, the personnel of the Spree receives, within this section, a military formation in order to be able to hold an operational employment and to allow them to take part punctually in external missions.

Behavior of tradition

It is to pay homage to these glorious prédesseurs, that the music of 170e IH is equipped as from 1985, of the historical behavior of the riflemen known as " with the orientale" whose origin goes back to the creation of the first units about 1840. This uniform includes/understands:

a jacket in form of bolero of blue color with facings jonquil, related to a waistcoat without handles called " Sédria " ;
full pants with many folds being able to be blue or white (the Séroual), accompanied by a red wool belt (crimson);
the hairstyle perhaps the " Chèche " ; bandage white fabric rolled up around the head, or the " Chechia " ; left crimson felt cap.

In its broad outlines, it is a model identical to that of the zouaves and spahis. The greatest difference lies in the choice of the colors.

Hairstyles

Constituted of the chechia and the chèche which go separately or together according to the circumstances. The chechia is a crimson felt cap of approximately 25 centimetres height with a blue nipple with fringes removable sky.

The waistcoat

Known as " sédria" , it is him also blue sky with yellow ornaments. Its characteristic is to button itself on the left shoulder.

The jacket

Of form bolero, it is of celestial color blue or blue rifleman. The seams are decorated of a cordonnet of yellow color which forms for the Sous-officier of splendid chamarrures. On each front, one gallon yellow dissimulates a false pocket and goes up towards the neck by drawing a clover. This false pocket is called tombô. The color of its bottom was used for the origin, to distinguish recruitment and the localization from the first regiments of riflemen. Garance (bright red) corresponded to the 1 {{er}} RTA of Algiers, white to the 2 {{E}} RTA of Oran and yellow to the 3 {{E}} RTA of Constantine, blue being allotted to the units recruited in Tunisia.

The belt

Long crimson wool band (red dark) which made it possible to protect the abdomen from the cold and thus avoided the intestinal evils. Traditional part of the behavior of the riflemen, it is carried by the riflemen and the warrant officers. This belt was observed in all the units of the army of Africa. It was different by its color: " cramoisie" , it was the belt of the indigenous troops: Riflemen and Spahis; " bleue" it was allotted to the troops of European stock: Foreign legion and Zouaves. The officers do not carry this belt: being entitled to the drugs, they did not need to be protected because they were able to look after itself. For this reason only the riflemen and the warrant officers carry this belt.

Pants

The famous " saroual" of color blue sky or white according to the season. It is extremely full, with many folds with the size which give him an aspect puffing out in bottom. In addition, these pants do not comprise basic according to an old Eastern practice. This opening is called the hole of Lamoricière.

The mascot of the regiment

In addition to this particular behavior, the originality of the Spree is confirmed by the presence of a Chinese hat, which is that of the 7th RTA, and that of a ram mascot which ravels at the head at the time of the services.

The riflemen, mainly recruited among the pastors and the mountain dwellers of North Africa, were very attached to the mascot of their regiment generally a Ovin, ram, moufflon or goat, chosen for the splendor of its horns. He was also regarded as an amulet.

With its qualities of determination, power and especially of virility, this animal symbolized for them essential qualities of the warrior.

This ram which is currently the mascot of the regiment names " Messaoud" what means Arabic chance.

Its history

Its traditions

Each unit (company) of the regiment carries a specific badge in memory of the regiments of Algerian, Moroccan or Tunisian riflemen of which it keeps the memory. In the same way, each section preserves the traditions of a regiment of riflemen.

Company of command and logistics: 1 {{er}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

Section Maintenance: 5 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
SRCM: 9 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
Section Transmissions: 17 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
CMU: 31 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

1st Company: 1 {{er}} Regiment of Moroccan Riflemen

1st Section: 2 {{E}} Regiment of Moroccan Riflemen
2nd Section: 6 {{E}} Regiment of Moroccan Riflemen
3rd Section: 7 {{E}} Regiment of Moroccan Riflemen
4th Section: 10 {{E}} Regiment of Moroccan Riflemen

2nd Company: 2 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

1st Section: 6 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
2nd Section: 11 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
3rd Section: 22 {{E}} Régiment of Algerian Riflemen
4th Section: 35 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

3rd Company: 3 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

1st Section: 14 {{E}} Régiment of Algerian Riflemen
2nd Section: 15 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
3rd Section: 23 {{E}} Régiment of Algerian Riflemen
4th Section: 25 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

4th Company: 4 {{E}} Regiment of Tunisian Riflemen

1st Section: 8 {{E}} Regiment of Tunisian Riflemen
2nd Section: 16 {{E}} Regiment of Tunisian Riflemen
3rd Section: 24 {{E}} Régiment of Tunisian Riflemen
4th Section: 28 {{E}} Regiment of Tunisian Riflemen

Company Anti-tank device: 7 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

1st SAC: 18 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
2nd SAC: 19 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
3rd SAC: 27 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
4th SAC: 29 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

Company of Lighting and Support: 5th regiment of Moroccan riflemen

SRR: 3 {{E}} Regiment of Moroccan Riflemen
Section YOU: 4 {{E}} Regiment of Moroccan Riflemen
SAC MILAN: 8 {{E}} Regiment of Moroccan Riflemen

Company of Administration and Support: 21 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen
Unit of Intervention and Reserve: 13 {{E}} Regiment of Algerian Riflemen

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