1964

This page relates to the year 1964 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

  • January: The pope Paul VI goes in Holy Land where it meets the Greek patriarch Athénagoras.

  • March 23rd: Opening to Geneva (Swiss) of the first UNCTAD (Conference of the United Nations for the Trade And the Development).
  • April 20th: Reduction of the production of fissionable matters by the the United States, the the United Kingdom and the the USSR.
  • May 4th: Opening to Geneva of the Kennedy Round , first negotiation cycle of GATT. Lowering of the tariff barriers (fine the June 30th 1967).
  • August 31st: Meeting with Geneva of the 3e international atomic conference.
  • 5 - October 10th: Conference of the non-aligned to the Cairo: 56 countries present.

Europe

  • February: Visit of the president of the Rumanian government Ion Gheorghe Maurer with Beijing.
  • March 3rd: Constantin II becomes king of Greece (officially king of Hellènes ).
  • April, Geneva: Mario Soares organizes the Portuguese socialist Action.
  • November 12th, the Large Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg abdicates in favor of his/her oldest son the prince Jean

  • the Yugoslavia becomes associated member of the Comecon.

  • Co-operation between the Yugoslavia and the Romania with the construction of a great project of navigation and hydro electricity with the Doors of Iron, on the the Danube.

France

See also: 1964 in France

The United Kingdom

  • Blockade of Gibraltar by Free.

  • Campaign for Democraty in Ulster against civic discriminations whose the catholics in Northern Ireland suffer.
  • monetary Crisis (1964-1967) announcing one period of economic difficulties.
  • School reform allowing the local authorities to set up of the general-purpose establishments gathering all the pupils without taking account of their social origin.

Italy

  • March 19th: Opening to the circulation of the tunnel of the Large-Saint-Bernard between the Swiss and the Italy.
  • June 26th: First dissensions between Socialists and Christian-Democrats. Following the contrary vote of the Room on the budget of State education, Aldo Moro resigns and constitutes its second government of center left after a difficult crisis, disturbed on multiple rumors on the possibility of a coup d'etat.
  • August 7th: The president of the Republic, Antonio Segni, falls seriously sick. The president of the Senate exerts the functions of Head of the State by interim.
  • August 21st: Died of Palmiro Togliatti with Yalta.
  • December 15th: NASA lance the first Italian satellite, San Marco
  • December 28th: Resignation of Antonio Segni. Giuseppe Saragat is elected president of the Republic.
  • December: A million unemployed. Plan of re-establishment of Aldo Moro (fine in 1965).

  • Formation of the Potere Poeraio (Working Capacity) from which the movement spontaneist inhabitant of Turin is resulting, Lotta Continua , founded in 1969.

Soviet Union

  • October 14th: Nikita Khrouchtchev is raised of its functions. One reproaches him his failures as regards agrarian and industrial policy like in foreign policy. Léonid Brejnev succeeds to him like first secretary of PCUS. Alexis Kossyguine assumes the chairmanship of the Council, while Nikolaï Podgorny succeeds Anastase Mikoyan with the presidency of the Supreme Soviet. At the beginning of its career, Brejnev shows a certain dynamism, but starting from 1974, patient, it is contracted on the status quo, letting develop the Mafia S and corruption for better consolidating its capacity.

  • the efforts concentrate on industries of manure, the plastic and rubber.

Asia

  • January 27th: The Great Britain, the Netherlands, the Denmark, the Norway and the France recognize the Popular republic of China.
  • March 23rd: Abolition of the political parties in Burma. Win does not prepare the country with socialism.
  • April 5th: Assassination of Jigme Palden Dorji, Prime Minister for the Bhutan since 1952.
  • May 26th: The China rejects a call of the Great Britain, requiring of him to intervene so that the engagements with the Laos cease.
    • the Laos is implied in the war of Vietnam. The United States bombards the country in order to block the movement of the troops Vietnameses and the supplies along the track Ho Chi Minh which leaves North-Vietnam and crosses all Eastern Laos, allowing the provisioning of the South. The plain of Gander is completely destroyed by the bombardment between May 1964 and September 1969. The bombardments continued until in 1973.
  • May 27th: Died of Indian the Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • June 9th: Lâl Bahâdur Shâstrî becomes Prime Minister of India (fine in 1966). It reduces competences of the commission of the Plan, then the nerve center of the government. He thinks that the agricultural sector, in India, order with all the other sectors, and that planning in this field must be softened. Indira Gandhi becomes Minister for Information.
  • August: Riots in India in the big cities.
  • August 2nd: Naval incident in the gulf of Tonkin, the United States benefits from it to start a climbing with the Vietnam: Bombardment of North.
  • August 4th: Beginning of the American air raids on Vietnam North in counterpart with the North-Vietnamese aggression in the gulf of Tonkin. The United States Air Force bombards 25 high-speed motorboats.
  • August 7th: The Prime Minister of the Vietnam of the South Nguyen Khanh issues the state of emergency following the bombardments of the August 4th.
  • September 11th: Military agreement between the the USSR and the India.
  • September 30th: The king of Afghanistan Mohammed Zaher Chah promulgates a more liberal constitution.
  • October 1st: Inauguration of the line of the super-express train Tōkaidō (known as “ Shinkansen ”); first highway Tōkyō - Nagoya.
  • October 16th: First Chinese atomic bomb .
  • October 24th: Olympic Games of Tōkyō.
  • October 30th: First important attack of the Việt Cộng in Bien-Hoa. The war is propagated with the Laos and the Kampuchea, which are reached by violent one bombardments, just as the Vietnam of North and the areas of the Vietnam of the South under the influence of FNL.

  • nonwell informed or unknown Dates :

  • Tibet : The Panchen-lama is dislocated of his functions after having called in a public speech with Lhassa on a return of the Dalai Lama on the throne. After having a session of criticisms undergoes public, it is imprisoned in China until in 1978.
  • In India, the doubling of the military expenditure coupled with bad monsoons have immediate effects on the food prices.
  • Indonesia: Njoto, second vice-president of PKI, becomes minister near the president Soekarno. The communist influence developed considerably (3 million members in June). Aïdit lays down the policy of the PKI: not to reverse the government, but to reinforce and consolidate what is in favor it populate in the capacity and to eliminate its anti-popular aspects.
  • the national legislative council is replaced by an assembly in Papua.
  • the Japan enters OECD.
  • the Japanese Communist party breaks with the Soviet PC.

The Middle East

  • January - Mars: Saoudi the Prime Minister Faysal brings one supports military with the insurgent monarchists of the Yemen with the assistance of the Great Britain and the Jordan. Egypt is supported by a Soviet help provided to the Republic.
  • April 9th: The Safety advice of the United Nations adopts a resolution to condemn the British intervention to the Yemen.
  • May: Travel of Khrouchtchev in Egypt. The Communist party of Egypt autodissout.
  • May 13rd: Inauguration of the first section of the stopping of Aswan, in Egypt, by Nikita Khrouchtchev and Gamal Abdel Nasser.
  • May 23rd - June 2nd: Opening of the first Palestinian congress with Jerusalem. Creation of the Liberation organization of Palestine (PLO) and of the Army of release of Palestine (ALP). The Executive committee of PLO (CEOLP) is elected and chaired by Ahmed Choukairy. The orientation of the PLO is clearly panarabist and close to Nasser, contrary to the Fatah. Yasser Arafat posts her opposition while going to Algiers with Abou Jihad and obtains from the assistance of Ahmed Ben Bella to take actions of guerilla against Israel.
  • May: The president Lyndon Johnson receives the president of the Israeli Council with Washington. He affirms that the the United States will defend the integrity of the Hebrew territory.
  • September 11th: Conclude conference of the Arab Ligue. the affluents of the the Jordan will be diverted in order to prevent the Israelis from irrigating the desert of the Negev and the PLO is recognized.
  • September 22nd: Charles Helou, president of the Lebanon (fine in 1970). It continues the policy of Fouad Chéhab but cannot prevent the return in strength of the traditional chiefs and the consecutive weakening of the State.
  • September: To leave military stagnation to the Yemen, Nasser decides to negotiate and meets Faysal with Alexandria. They agree on the principle of neutralization of Yemen but this decision is not respected.
  • November 2nd: Faysal deposits his/her brother and becomes king of Saudi Arabia. Saud takes refuge in Egypt where it is accommodated by Nasser.

  • Creation with Beirut of the organization Al-Asifa (the storm), military branches of the Fatah, which carries out operations commandos against Israel as of the end of the year. Composed of 300 young combatants resulting from the camps, she asserts more than 300 operations until June 1967.

Africa

  • January 12th: Revolution with Zanzibar which reverses Arab hegemony.

  • February 20th: Frontier agreement between the Algeria and the Morocco: a demilitarized zone of 14 km is created between the two States
  • Printemps, Congo-Kinshasa: Brace Tshombe, helped by the Belgians and the CIA, represses a nationalist revolt of left supported by OAU.
  • April 10th: Agreement between the France and the Algeria unilaterally fixing per quarter the number of Algerians which can enter to France, according to the availabilities of the labor market. This agreement, revised with the fall in 1968, fixes at 35  000 the annual quota, then with 25  000 three years later.
  • April 13rd, Rhodesia: Come to power of Ian Smith, president of the Rhodesian Face, opposed to any division of being able with the Africans. ZAPU ( Zimbabwe African People' S Union ) and ZANU ( Zimbabwe African National Union ) are prohibited and their leader, of which Robert Mugabe for the ZANU, imprisoned. Introduction of a mode of Apartheid.
  • April 26th: The Tanganyika and Zanzibar amalgamate to form the Plain Republic of Tanzania.
  • 28 - April 30th: Charter of UAMCE (African and Malagasy Union of economic cooperation).
  • April: Victoire unanimously of the votes cast of the Union Sudanese woman-GDR, sole party of the Mali to the legislative elections.
  • May 10th: The Tunisian government decides to nationalize all the grounds had by foreigners, initially those of the colonists. France cancels its financial aid at once and points out its technicians.
  • May 13rd: Re-election of Modibo Keïta with the presidency of the Mali.
  • June 12th, South Africa: Nelson Mandela, former vice-president of the African National Congress is condemned to detention with perpetuity with the lawsuit of Rivonia. Wave of protest against the Apartheid. The ANC creates Umkonto we Sizwe (“the lance of the nation”) for the armed struggle.
  • July 6th: Independence of the Malawi (ex-Nyassaland).
  • July 10th: Brace Tshombe, form a government of public hello to the Congo-Kinshasa.
  • : A new constitution of the federal type is adopted in Republic of Congo (Congo-Léopoldville). Authorizing the multi-party system, the country is called from now on the Democratic republic of Congo.
  • August 4th, Congo: Catch of Kisangani to the hands of the lumumbists by the Belgian, British and American forces, doubled of an opinion campaign intended to justify the foreign intervention and denouncing the atrocities made by the “rebels”.
  • August 19th: Intervention of France to the Gabon to give Leon Mba to the capacity.
  • September:
  • October 20th: Independence of the Zambia (ex-Rhodesia of British North). The Great Britain preserves its economic interests at it.
  • October 24th: Kenneth Kaunda becomes president of the Zambia.
  • October 29th: Julius Nyerere, president of the Tanzania.
  • 24 - November 26th, Congo: A new intervention américano-Belgian to save the European population of Kisangani causes the indignation of the even moderate African countries.
  • December 8th: Creation of a Customs union and Économique of central Africa (UDEAC) joining together the old colonies of French equatorial Africa (Congo, Cameroun, Gabon, Central African Republic, Chad) to prepare a future Common Market (CEMAC in 1999).
  • December 12th: Beginning of the presidency of Jomo Kenyatta, with the Kenya (fine in 1978). Kenya becomes a parliamentary and centralized republic.

  • frontier Querelle enters the Somalia and the Ethiopia.

  • British Intervention with the Kenya and in Uganda.
  • Second top of OAU joined together to the Cairo. The Member States are committed respecting the existing borders.

Americas

  • Colombia: Creation of the FARC, group of guerilla of Marxist obedience resulting from the Communist party and the ELN, groups of guerilla of obedience guevarist.

The United States

  • January 8th: Lyndon Johnson declares the war with poverty.
  • February: Lyndon Johnson manages to make vote the law of Kennedy on the tax reductions.
  • April: Johnson referee successfully a conflict opposing the trade unions to the employers of the railroads.
  • May: In a speech with the University of Michigan, Lyndon Johnson substitutes for the “New Border” of its predecessor the program of the “Large Company”.
  • July 2nd: Adoption by the Congress of the Civil Rights Act : law on the “civic rights” granted to the minorities.
  • July 18th: Racial riots with Harlem.
  • 2 - August 4th: Incidental of the Gulf of Tonkin. Attacks of two American destroyers.
  • August 7th: Johnson obtains Congress with the quasi-unanimity the resolution of the “gulf of Tonkin” which gives the full powerss to him “to push back any armed attack” and “to prevent any future aggression” in the area. Later (1968), the secretary with defense Robert McNamara will recognize that the two attacked destroyers had taken part in South Vietnamese offensive operations against North.
  • August 20th: The Economic Opportunity Act allocates funds of a billion dollar at various agencies and local programs charged to help the young people to acquire a professional training.
  • 28 - August 30th: Racial riots with Philadelphia.
  • November 3rd: Election of the democrat Lyndon Johnson like chair of the United States with 61,1% of the voices against the republican Barry Goldwater who with 38,5% which undergoes the failure more cooking history of presidential American. This defeat will mark the kickoff for the republican of an ideological, well organized offensive and liberally financed, intended to rehabilitate a pure and hard capitalism.
  • October 14th: Martin Luther King receives the Nobel Prize of peace.
  • November 21st: End of the construction of the Verrazano Narrows Bridge, with New York which supplants the Golden Spoils Bridge like longer suspended bridge in the world.

  • the Indians organize “fish-in” on the Nisqually River (State of Washington) claiming their fishing rights received by treaty in 1854.

  • the number of poorest passes from 39 million to 24 million.

Oceania

Arts & culture

See also: 1964 with the cinema, 1964 in music, 1964 in literature, 1964 with the theater, 1964 as a cartoon, 1964 on television

Sport

See also: 1964 in sport

See also: 1964 in football

Sciences & technology

See also: 1964 in science

See also: 1964 in aeronautics

See also: 1964 in the railroads

Births in 1964

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

to also see: : Category: Birth in 1964

Death in 1964

to also see: : Category: Death in 1964

Beats-smg: 1964 Be-X-old: 1964 Cbk-zam: 1964 Map-bms: 1964 Simple: 1964 Zh-yue: 1964 年

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