1956

This page relates to the year 1956 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

  • Institution of the Club of Paris to treat the debts due to governmental creditors. In agreement with the the IMF, it re-spreads the refunding of the countries involved in debt over one long period, after the adoption of economic measurements of stabilization.

Movement of the Non-aligned countries

Africa

  • January: Visit of the queen Elisabeth II of the United Kingdom to the Nigeria.
  • January 1st: Independence of the Sudan, granted by the the United Kingdom.
  • January 31st: Victoire of the African democratic Gathering with the legislative ones: it gains 7 seats out of 8 in AOF and 2 seats out of 4 in AEF. Felix Houphouët-Boigny, president of GDR, enters the government Guy Mollet.
  • June 23rd: Vote Loi-cadre Removes iron by the French Parliament on autonomy in Africa black Frenchwoman (ANF). It equips the colonies with AOF and AEF of a broad autonomy, with an assembly elected by the vote for all, chaired by the governor, but whose vice-president could be indigenous.
  • June 30th: Intellectuals Congolese publish “Proclamation of African conscience”. They require the total emancipation of the Blacks. A true political bomb. Publication in reaction of Proclamation of the ABAKO, which affirms its opposition to colonization and its will to preserve the autonomy of Kongo like various ethnicities.
  • September 19th: Foundation of the PAIGC, Left African for independence Guinea and Cape Verde by Amilcar Cabral.
  • December 13rd: The Togoland is integrated into the coast of gold (Ghana).
  • December: Foundation of the MPLA, Popular liberation movement of Angola by Mario de Andrade and Agostinho Neto.

  • nonwell informed or unknown Dates :

  • the Republic of South Africa withdraws UNESCO while complaining that certain publications of the Organization interfere in the racial problems of the country.

  • Modibo Keïta is elected mayor of Bamako.
  • Revolt against the French authorities with the Cameroun (1956-1960).
  • Appearance of black political parties to the Belgian Congo. They result for the majority from ethnic associations formed as the political parties were prohibited.
  • Call of the CGT, CGTA and the Railwaymen of AOF to the creation of a unified autonomous labor union. Division of the CFTC and creation of the CATC, which plans to create a single trade union for all the AOF.
  • 300  000 inhabitants with Dakar.

the Maghreb

  • January 28th: The generals Guillaume and Zeller resign to protest against the slowness of the sending of reinforcements in Algérie.
  • February 6th: Guy Mollet goes in Algérie, it is decried (tomato jets!) by colonists.
    • Guy Mollet yields in front of the manifestation of the Inhabitants of Algiers. There will be no general governor, but a minister resident in Algeria. Catroux, considered favorable to the Moslems, is abandoned for Robert Lacoste.
  • February 9th: Robert Lacoste minister-resident in Algeria.
  • March 2nd: Independence of the Morocco.
  • March 12th, Algeria: Guy Mollet poses for precondition to the negotiation the pacification and the organization of elections. The National Assembly votes special capacities with her government.
  • March 20th: Independence of the Tunisia by the protocol free-Tunisian which abolishes the Traité of Bardo. Lamine Pasha Bey takes the title of Rolls Ier but must yield the place to the republic one year later (July 15th 1957).
  • April 7th: Spain reassigns the Spanish Morocco with the Morocco. The fate of Tangier is regulated in October.
  • April 21st: Rallying with FLN of Ferhat Abbas and Ahmed Francis, leader moderated nationalists, and of Tewfik el-Madani, representing oulémas. All three go to the Cairo.
  • May 8th:
    • the French government decides the recall of 50  000 reservists. The whole of the French troops in Algeria passes to 380  000 men.
    • the European population expresses against the new minister resident Robert Lacoste, considered to be too liberal.
  • May 27th: Thousands of suspects are stopped in the Casbah of Algiers.
  • August 10th: In reaction to the attacks made by FLN, of the “counter-terrorists” place a bomb in the kasbah of Algiers, which makes several tens of death.
  • August 20th: A secret congress of FLN to the Soummam, in Kabylie, is organized, mainly by Abane Ramdane, which structure the Armée with national release (ALN) and trains a National council of the Revolution (CNRA) of 34 members is elected there to direct the policy of the FLN which must be applied by a Coordination committee and of execution (the CEC) of five members; the Army of national release (ALN) is unified under the direction of Krim Belkacem.
  • June 19th: Execution with Algiers of the first members of FLN condemned to death.
  • July 27th: Discovered Oil with Hassi Messaoud in Algeria by SN REPAL (Elf Aquitaine).
  • October 20th: The sultan of Morocco Mohammed Ben Youssef receives Ahmed Ben Bella and four other leaders of the FLN. At once, the negotiations free-Morrocan women are suspended by the French government.
  • October 22nd: The plane which transported Rabat to Tunis Ahmed Ben Bella and the other leaders of the FLN are constrained to be posed in Algiers where the five men are stopped. The president of the Guy Mollet Council covers this initiative due to the military authorities of Algiers. Tunisia and Morocco recall their ambassadors to Paris.
  • October 24th: Massacre French colonists in the area of Meknès in Morocco, in reprisals with the arrest of the leaders of the FLN.
  • December 5th: The General advices of Algeria and the controls municipalities like the metropolitan communes are dissouts.
  • December: FLN eliminates its rival, the Algerian National movement (MNA).
  • December 30th: “Attacks on immigrants” occur at the conclusion of the burial of Amédée Froger, president of the Federation of the mayors of Algeria, assassinated by the FLN.

  • the Algérie includes/understands a strong minority of European origin: 1  000  000 inhabitants vis-a-vis the 9  000  000 of Moslems. 400  000 French soldiers engaged in the Algerian conflict.

Americas

  • Argentinian June 9th, : Failure of an insurrectionary rising directed by the general Juan Jose Valle with for objective restoring the legal government of Juan Perón. The soldiers create a commission on the defense of the democracy, charged to purify the landscape in favor of its slags peronists.
  • July 28th: Manual Prado Ugarteche, president of Peru (fine in 1962).
    • the general Odría agree to organize free elections with the Peru. The winner, Manual Prado, liberalizes the mode, opening one period of convivencia which appears by the legalization of the Communist party and the American revolutionary popular Alliance. Its economic program, in the continuity of its predescessor, is worth some successes to him.
  • August 6th: Hernán Siles Zuazo, president MNR of Bolivia (fine in 1960). It is constrained to implement a program of fight against the deficits caused by the former redistributive policies. The social agitation which results met from it the country at the edge of the civil war. Siles must mobilize the army to pacify the country.
  • September 1st: Camilo Sandpapers Enríquez (preserving), president of Ecuador (fine in 1960).
  • September 29th: Dictatorship of Shine Somoza Debayle with the Nicaragua (fine in 1963).
  • December 2nd: Fidel Castro, with 81 companions whose his/her brother Raúl and Argentinian the Ernesto “Che” Guevara unloads with Cuba aboard ship the Granma to try to reverse Batista. It is a failure and only a handle of men can flee in the Sierra Maestra with the Castro brothers and Che.

  • With the Honduras, the promulgation of the law of defense of the democratic regime allows the prohibition of the Communist party.

Brazil

  • January 31st: Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, president of the Brazilian Republic (fine in 1961).
    • Decided to promote “50 years of progress in five years”, Kubitschek manages to mobilize the Brazilian ones around the modernization of the country, symbolized by construction in four years of a capital news and futuristic, Brasilia in the fields of the architect Oscar Niemeyer. The developpementism makes progress the industry of 10% per annum, at the price of a considerable public debt.
  • Increase in inflation and devaluation (excess demand, insufficiency of the offer).
  • the minister Celso Furtado creates and directs the Sudene (superintendence of Nordeste) in charge of the establishment of industries around Recife, Bahia and Fortaleza.

the United States

  • Apogee of the birthrate (25 ‰ in 1956-1957).

Asia & Indian world

  • April 12th: Solomon Bandaranaike reaches the capacity with Sri Lanka with a popular program intended to mobilize the rural masses.

  • April 27th: Elections in Burma. The Burmese National front unified which gathers the movements on the left, obtains 30% of the voices and 47 of the 250 seats of the National Assembly.
  • June 13rd, China: Beginning of the Countryside of the Hundred Flowers. In the spirit of the Soviet destanilisation, the Chinese government asks the intellectuals to criticize the leaders of the party and the State, the currency being: “That hundred flowers flower harmoniously and compete bruyamment hundred schools”.
  • December 12th: Japan: adhesion with UNO. The the United States are opposed to the entry China in UNO.

North Korea

  • Kim Tubong, rival of Kim It-sung, is eliminated.
  • 80% of the economic potential of the North Korea destroyed east. The discipline “Spartan” of Pt and the rigorous framing of the company North-Korean allow a considerable rectification and a development right before 1960. The policy of the development plans allows the rebuilding of an important industrial sector. This economic policy rests, starting from 1956, on a movement of mobilization of the workers the CH' ollima undong , the movement of the Horse stealing . The workmen are invited to produce at increased intervals.

Indonesia

  • March 20th: Government of Ali Sastroamidjojo, which brings together representatives of PNI, of Masjumi and Nahdatul Ulama (end in April 1957). PKI grants to the government a favorable prejudice.
  • December 20th: In reaction to progress of the PKI, Masjumi adopts an attitude violently anticommunist and the “colonels” (Ahmad Hussein, Mauluddin Simbolon, Barlian) cause movements of dissidences to Sumatra in December 1956 and January 1957. The rebellion works towards political ends: resignation of the government, rupture with the Communists, pro-Western foreign policy. The Bateng council, which takes in hands part of the center of Sumatra, enters in conflict with the Communists, and carries out the arrest of the leader of the trade union of the workers of the oil of the basin of Parkanbaru, conceded with the American company Caltex. The government shows the foreign powers to intervene in the interior political life and suspends the rebellious officers. It however decides to take account of certain justified claims.

  • the share of the small producers in exports increases (they produce in 1956 413  646 tons of rubber against 262  506 with the large plantations).

  • Five-year plan (1956 - 1960). It is difficult to apply it, most of the economy depending on foreign assets. The profits transferred abroad represent about one the third of the whole of the investments planned for this plan. The Republic cannot invest in its economy the incomes of exports and the production of the food crops less quickly increases only that of the intended products to export.

India

  • Pondichéry is integrated into the India.
  • States Reorganization Act , which cuts out India of 14 linguistic States and 6 territories. Hyderabad disappears with the profit from 4 new States.
  • Law on the right of the widows as regards heritage ( Hindu Succession Act ).
  • Resolution defining the categories of activities according to the part which the State must play there: the sectors of defense and heavy industry fall within the competence of the State; in other sectors (communication, chemistry, etc), the public companies and private can develop jointly and a third group is entirely left with the private one. A Commission of planning is charged to work out the concrete objectives for the development of each sector concerned.

Tibet

  • the Tibetans raise and take actions of Guérilla against the Chinese mode. Mao Zedong declares a few months later that “Tibet was not yet ready for the establishment of a Communist regime”. the CIA sets up a secret operation of formation at the United States and delivery of weapons and radio operator material at the guerilla of the East. Beijing sends 150  000 men in the Kham, supported by air raids. Resistance Tibetan is decimated and the Chinese army includes in blood the control of Kham.
  • a committee is founded to establish the bases of a constitution Tibetan. The Dalai Lama is named president and the Panchen-lama first vice-president of the country.
  • the Dalai Lama is authorized to go in India to celebrate the 2500° birthday of the birth of the Bouddha. It meets Nehru which does not give him any support.

Europe

Eastern Europe

  • Mars: Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej carries out a destalinization limited in Romania and a relative disengagement with respect to the Block.
  • April 17th: Dissolution of the Cominform, liaison office and of information between the Communist parties of Eastern Europe founded in 1947 into full Cold war.
  • June 20th: Visit Tito with Moscow. An official statement celebrates the friendship soviéto-Yugoslavian and affirms the existence of various ways towards socialism. It is the end of the official crisis between the two countries.
  • Visit of Khrouchtchev to Belgrade, followed by an agreement of cultural exchanges, a Soviet loan of 84 million dollars and the cancellation of the debt of Yugoslavia, which rises to 90 million dollars.
  • July 18th: Visit Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and of the Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser in the residence of Tito with Brioni.
  • October - November: Anti-Soviet demonstrations in Romania during the Hungarian revolt.
  • December: Working wage increase in Romania after the Hungarian revolt. The investments of the Plan are reduced to the profit of the consumer goods. In the countryside, the obligatory deliveries are abolished and braked collectivization.

  • the USSR cancels the remainder of the war debts which had by the Romania (700 million dollars).

  • additional Deportations in Lithuania and growing Pole and Russian immigration with Vilnius.

the USSR
  • 14 - February 25th: XXe congress of the Communist party of the Soviet Union: beginning of the “Destalinization”. “Peaceful coexistence”. Several Communist leaders, whose Khrouchtchev denounce marked Stalin violently to have replaced the collegial direction by the worship of the personality, arrests and massive deportations of thousands of people, the execution without lawsuit and investigation the honest ones and innocent Communists, not to have prepared suitable defense against the German invasion of June 1941, causing the useless death of hundreds of thousands of soldiers. The portraits of Stalin are withdrawn from the public places, the renamed institutions and localities bearing its name and the rewritten books of history.
  • February 25th: Khrouchtchev denounces behind closed doors the crimes of Stalin.
  • April 17th: Suppression of the Cominform.
  • May 13rd: The Minister of Interior Department announces the end of the deportations in Siberia, except for serious political offenses. The concentration camps would be replaced in the 18 months by prisons and camps of work.
  • May 14th: The USSR announces a reduction of its military manpower of 1,2 million men.
  • August 15th: Re-establishment of the Price Lénine, reward with the scientists, artists and writers.

Poland
  • June 28th: Bloody riots with Poznań where the workmen express to claim better wages, free elections and the departure of the Soviet troops (50  000 demonstrators, 53 died and several hundreds of wounded).
  • October 19th: Following a popular mobilization ( Polish October , 13 - October 20th) against the direction of POUP, Wladislaw Gomulka is elected first secretary of the Polish unified working party and is committed reforming the Poland (political of decollectivisation, end of the censure of the press, release of the cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, cancellation of part of the Polish debt, granting of new appropriations), in spite of the “temporary” maintenance of Soviet troops on the Polish ground. Visit surprised Nikita Khrouchtchev.

Hungary
  • March 29th: Rehabilitation of László Rajk, former Foreign Minister carried out in 1949 under the charge of Titoism and treason.
  • July 4th: The former Prime Minister Imre Nagy is excluded from the Communist party.
  • July 18th: Crisis within the PC: severely criticized, the first secretary Mátyás Rákosi resigns and is replaced by Ernö Gerö. János Kádár becomes assistant secretary.
  • October 6th: National funeral of László Rajk. 200  000 people claim the return of Imre Nagy to the government.
  • October 14th: Imre Nagy is reinstated within the Communist party.
  • October 19th: Beginning of the Insurrection of Budapest. The opponents with the government benefit from the tensions between the Poland and the Soviet Union to rebel. The students express against the obligatory courses of Russian and of Marxism-Leninism and, associated to the trade union of the writers, they affirm their support for the Polish anti-Soviet movement. The workers unite with them to require the return of Nagy to the post of Prime Minister.
  • 23 - October 30th: Insurrection of Budapest. The Hegedüs Prime Minister, incompetent to manage these demonstrations (more 100  000 people), requests the reinforcement of the Soviet troops. The police force opens fire on crowd. The insurrectionists manage to paralyze the Soviet tanks while launching Kingpins. The Party of the workers interposes and obtains the replacement of Hegedüs by Nagy (October 24th) and of Gerö by János Kádár (October 25th), previously imprisoned for nationalism.
  • October 27th: Imre Nagy forms a government of national front.
  • October 28th: After five days of hesitation, Nagy lines up at the sides of the demonstrators announcing the end of the system of sole party and the behavior of elections. He promises economic reforms, releases the cardinal László Mindszenti, requires the withdrawal of the Soviet forces and orders the cease-fire.
  • October 31st: The Soviet , in agreement with the other communist countries, decide to crush the Hungarian revolution of the councils .
  • November 1st: Too much trustful in the Western support, Imre Nagy proclaims the neutrality of the Hungary and its withdrawal of the Warsaw Pact. The order is restored.
  • November 3rd: Nagy forms a government in which the Communists are minority. The USSR promises concessions, but the demonstrations begin again.
  • 4 - November 12th: Crushing of the Hungarian insurrection by the Soviets: 200  000 men and 2  000 tanks are committed.
  • November 4th: Blow of Budapest . Eight Soviet divisions, supported by aviation, take by storm Budapest and crush the insurrectionists in spite of their calls to the helps addressed to the Westerners.
  • November 7th: János Kádár, brought in the vans of the Red Army , announces the formation of a revolutionary government . A new communist dictatorship is established with János Kádár as chief of the party renamed Parti of the Hungarian socialist workers.
  • November 13rd: End of the crushing of the Hungarian insurrection. Hundreds of Hungarian are carried out, of the thousands imprisoned while close to 200  000 flee in Austria. Imre Nagy takes refuge with the embassy of Yugoslavia.
  • November 14th: Washington immediately draws aside any idea of intervention in Hungary.
  • November 22nd: First assessment:
    • Imre Nagy, the Prime Minister, and forty-eight from his partisans is removed by the KGB and is taken along in Romania. Nagy will be condemned and hung with the agreement of the new Kádár Communist leader.
    • On the whole, 18 trucks filled of corpses will have been removed place of the Parliament.
    • the cardinal Mindszenty, former primacy of Hungary imprisoned of 1948 with 1955, takes refuge with the embassy of the the United States where there will remain locked up until in 1971, year when he will be able to leave the country.
    • In spite of the judgment of the USSR by the western powers and the the United Nations, Hungary remains during several years under monitoring.
  • December 9th: Dissolution of the working councils and the committee nationals and arrest of their chiefs.

Western Europe

  • January 6th: Engagement of the American actress Grace Kelly to the prince Rainier III of Monaco.
  • February: Cold wave in Western Europe.
  • February 29th: OEEC creates a charged commission to develop a cooperative project between the Member States in the nuclear field.
  • March 9th, Cyprus: The archbishop Makarios, leader independence Cypriot favorable to the énosis, is assigned with residence with the Seychelles by the British authorities . Its deportation starts as of the following day a general strike in the island.
  • April 19th: Marriage of the prince Rainier III of Monaco with Grace Kelly.
  • 29 - May 30th: The Conference of Venice makes it possible to open negotiations for the creation of the EEC and Euratom. Second report/ratio Spaak, recommending the creation of the EEC and Euratom.
  • July 25th: The Italian steamer “Andrea Doria”, after a collision with the Swedish ship “Stockholm”, sinks in the Atlantique, off the coasts of the New England. The two ships transported more 1  600 passengers, but the drama made only 51 died.
  • August 8th, Belgium: A fire probably due to the firedamp in the mine of the wood of Cazier with Marcinelle, close to Charleroi, makes 262 victims. The origin of this accident was a succession of dysfunctions following an human error: a badly committed carriage was reassembled, it tore off a conduit of oil, an electric control. An electric arc was carried out paring fire, the whole poked by a torn off conduit of compressed air.

  • Série of attack of the WILL GO in Ulster (1956 - 1962).

  • Spain: Clashes between the SEU phalangist and the democratic union of the students, who lead to the disavowal of the most intransigent phalangists but also to the reference of the “catholics of government”. Deficit of the trade balance (1 billion peseta-but), inflation (15,5%), reduction in the gold reserves of the state. Social inequalities.
  • Portugal: Students invade the National Assembly which prepared to vote a law removing the election, acquired since 1945, with the functions of responsibility inside associations. The project is withdrawn.

West Germany

Great Britain
  • November 5th: Beginning of the rationing of the gasoline with the the United Kingdom during the Crisis of Suez (end in May 1957).
  • the chancellor of the Exchequer, Harold MacMillan, wants to encourage the British to moderate their consumer expenditure. For that, it envisages in its budget of traditional measurements like an increase in the taxes and a better remuneration of the saving, but, also it proposes a loan-lottery, in the form of Treasury bonds without interest, but every three months a first prize of 1  000 pounds is attibué by drawing lot. Only 40 million Books is thus subscribed, whereas 50 million was initially envisaged.

Italy

  • Creation of the ministry for the industries nationalized with for goal to direct 60% of the investments of State towards the the Mezzogiorno.

France

See also: 1956 in France

Oceania & the Pacific

The Middle East & world arabo-Moslem

  • June 14th: Government Asali in Syria (fine in 1958).
  • December 31st: John Dulles presents to the general secretary UNO, Dag Hammarskjöld, the Doctrine Eisenhower for the Middle East. The United States will be opposed to any Soviet aggression in the area and will provide an economic aid to the countries which will make the request of it. The Arab countries, except for the Egypt and of the Syria, adopt the doctrines Eisenhower (1957).

  • the Arab populations of the demilitarized zone of the Lac of Tibériade are driven out by Israel towards the Syria, which answers by installing artillery batteries on the heights of the Golan.

  • From 1956, Israel undertakes operations of diversion of water starting from the Lac of Tibériade.
  • the Crise of Suez creates a strong movement antibritannic in Iraq. Violent demonstrations burst and are repressed hard.

Egypt

  • Nasser, become president of the Republic - he was the only candidate - (at the beginning of 1956), turns to the western powers to finance its construction project of the stopping of Aswan. France and Great Britain refuse, and the United States conditions their assistance to an agreement with Israel. Nasser is favorable, but tergiversates there. Washington then decides to be opposed to the financing of the project but agrees to grant a loan with the help of the control of Egyptian finances. Against any waiting, Nasser accepts. It does not remain any more with the Americans but to be repudiated.

  • May 22nd: The American Secretary of State John Dulles threat to stop the assistance with the construction of the stopping of Aswan if the Egyptian government accepts the Soviet assistance.
  • June 23rd: Nasser becomes president of the republic of Egypt.
  • July 19th: Refusal of the the United States to finance the construction of the Stopping of Aswan in Egypt. In order to make pressure on the Egyptian government, the US government, followed by Great Britain and BIRD, announces that the United States will not take part in the financing of the stopping of Aswan
  • July 26th: In response with the refusal américano-British, Nasser announces with Alexandria the nationalization of the Company of the Suez Canal. The incomes drawn from the exploitation of the channel will be used to finance the construction of the stopping. Nasser denounces the British presence with the Middle-East and supports the nationalist movements of Algeria.
  • July 31st: At the time of a meeting with Anthony Eden and the French Minister for the Foreign affairs Christian Pineau, John Dulles expresses the American reservations as for an military intervention in Egypt. The United States decides however to freeze the Egyptian financial assets and suspends their food aid.
  • August 8th: The Soviet Union recognizes the nationalization of the channel like legitimate.
  • August 16th: A conference joining together 22 country meets in London. Egypt made there represent by the USSR and India. John Dulles proposes the creation of an international organization in charge of control and management of Suez Canal.
  • September 6th: French aviators and parachutists arrive at Cyprus to ensure the protection of the French nationals in Egypt.
  • September 9th: Nasser rejects the Dulles plan.
  • September 21st: Guy Mollet informs the Israeli government that France is ready to undertake an united action against Egypt, while closes in London the second International Conference devoted to the business of Suez: the creation of an association of users, presented by Eden and Calf, is approved, but the divergences increase between partisans of the military intervention (France and Great Britain) and those of conciliation (the USA).
  • October 22nd: An agreement is concluded with Sevres between France, Great Britain and Israel which prepare the operation “musketeer”, intended to invade Egypt.
  • October 29th: Release of the War of Suez (fine the November 6th), condemned by UNO. Israeli troops penetrate in Egypt and advance in the the Sinai.
  • October 30th: France and Great Britain address an ultimatum to Egypt and Israel, summoned to withdraw their troops to 16 km on both sides of the channel. The United States requires of the Safety advice to condemn the Israeli attack and to require an immediate cease-fire. France and Great Britain oppose their veto.
  • October 31st: Egypt rejects the ultimatum: beginning of the Franco-British bombardments.
  • November 2nd: Catch of Gaza by the Israeli forces. The Syria and the Jordan break the diplomatic relations with France. The United States votes for with the USSR a resolution of UNO against France and the United Kingdom which have just engaged in Egypt, requiring the dead halt of the combat
  • November 5th:
    • Forwarding of Suez (end the November 7th). Plan telescopes: troops are parachuted on Port-Saïd and go towards the channel.
    • the the United States make pressure on their allies.
    • Boulganine requires the withdrawal of the French, British troops and Israelis of Suez.
  • November 7th: During the Crisis of Suez, the general meeting of UNO adopts a resolution calling the the United Kingdom, the France and Israel to withdraw without delay their troops of Egypt. The United States multiplies the pressures on the Pound sterling to force Anthony Eden with a cease-fire. The intervention of the United States, the USSR and UNO cause the military end of the operations (end of the British presence in Egypt).
  • December 15th: The troops of the the United Nations occupy the canal zone.

  • Nasser expels all the Juifs “French” or “English”, as well as the last suspects of collusion Zionists, that is to say 8  000 people, while 3  000 others are interned and driven out the following year.

Arts & cultures

See also: 1956 with the cinema, 1956 in music, 1956 in literature, 1956 with the theater, 1956 as a cartoon, 1956 on television

Bullfighting

Visual arts

  • February: Exposure of Arman to Paris.
  • July 2nd: Exposure Tinguely to Paris.
  • Publication by Salvador Dali of her opuscule “cuckolds of the old modern art” in which it undertakes to say its four truths to the modern art .
  • the artist Richard Hamilton carries out joining " Just what is it that makes Today' S Homes so different, so appealing? " (" What is what can return well our homes of today so different, if tempting? ")

Sciences & technology

See also: 1956 in science

See also: 1956 in aeronautics

See also: 1956 in the railroads

Sports & discovered

Births in 1956

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Death in 1956

Beats-smg: 1956 Be-X-old: 1956 Map-bms: 1956 Simple: 1956 Zh-yue: 1956 年

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