This page relates to the year 1946 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

the United Nations

Africa

  • Return of Jomo Kenyatta to the Kenya. It founds the Side-African Federation with Kwame Nkrumah.

  • Strike with Dakar.
  • Authorization of the black trade unions to the Belgian Congo.
  • Creation of the General association of the African Students of Paris.

  • Tanganyika and British Cameroun passes under supervision of l´ONU, under pressure of the United States which prepares the decolonization after the second world war. The goal of American being d´eviter that the colonies become communist States.

Americas

Latin America

  • February 24th: Democratic elections in Argentinian. Juan Domingo Perón is elected president of the Republic of Argentina.
  • January 11th: Rising in Haiti against the president Elie Lescot, who gives up the capacity under the pressure of the soldiers.
  • June 4th: Beginning of the mandate of Juan Perón like chair republic of Argentine. Perón preaches social justice (justicialism) in order to consolidate the social link. It launches a redistributive policy and seeks to create jobs in the national industry stimulated by protectionist measurements.
  • July 21st: Revolt in Bolivia against the dictatorship. Assassination of the president Gualberto Villarroel. Re-establishment of the democracy.
  • August 7th: The conservative Mariano Ospina Pérez gains the presidential elections in Colombia because of the dissensions between liberals. Its government tries to purge administration all the liberals, but those, majority the Congress, resist by all the means.
  • August 16th: Democracy in Haiti. Dumarsais Estimé is elected president of the republic (fine in 1950).
  • August 17th: Tomás Monje Gutiérrez is elected president de Bolivie.
  • November 3rd: The radical Gabriel González Videla is elected president of Chile (fine in 1952). It profits from the support of the Communists and grants three ministries to them.
  • September 1st: A new democratic and federalistic Constitution is adopted with the Brésil. She recognizes the industrial legislation instituted by Varga (week 48 hours, paid vacations, vital minimal wages, maternity benefit, etc) but limit the power of the executive and prevents her abusive intervention in the businesses of the States. The judicial power is reinforced.
  • February 1st: Miguel Alemán Valdés succeeds Manuel Ávila Camacho with the presidency of the Mexico.

  • the president of Paraguay Higinio Morínigo inserts in its government of the conservatives of the Parti Colorado, which starts a wave of violence then a civil war which opposes it to the Communists combined with the febreristas . The colorados are victorious and the Paraguay becomes starting from 1947 a mode of sole party.

  • social agitation in Ecuador obliges Ibarra to convert the mode into dictatorship.
  • Beginning of the orientation of the Chile towards a new industrialization policy with the assistance of the United States.

the United States

  • January 20th: The president Harry Truman founds the Exchange Group Intelligence which will become the CIA.
  • Mars: In answer to the attitude of the Americans binding the granting of a loan for the rebuilding of the Russia to acceptance by its leaders of the “Open door” and to their participation in BIRD and the the IMF, Stalin counterpart by the launching of a five-year plan and by two initiative intendeds to test the determination of the United States: he refuses to withdraw at the same time as the Great Britain his troops of the North of the Iran, claiming oil concessions comparable with those obtained by the Anglo-Saxons; he exerts a pressure on Turkey to obtain the provision of bases in Dardanelles (August 8th). Recalled to the order by Washington, low Stalin in retirement.
  • Many strike movements in spring (106 million days of strike in 1946).
  • May: Attacks of Truman against the railwaymen in strike.
  • June 20th: Operation Crossroads, first experimental atomic explosion on the atoll of Bikini.
  • June 21st: Appearance of the first long-playing record to the the United States
  • July 4th: the United States concedes the Indépendance with the Filipino .
  • : Law McMahon entrusting the monopoly of the nuclear power to the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). End of the nuclear cooperation between Great Britain and the United States.
  • the rupture with the Soviet Union is practically consumed with the autumn on the German question. Beginnings of the Cold war (fine in 1989). The Soviet Union refuses to take part in BIRD and the the IMF. Truman directs its policy towards a liberalism anticommunist.
  • November: Election of a republican Congress ultraconservator. He will vote a law granting a tax reduction of 3% to the small taxpayers and 45 to 60% to the largest incomes in spite of the veto of Truman. He will reject all the programs progressists of Truman (Civic right of the Blacks, time minimum wage, federal assistance with education, health, with housing, improvement of the Social security).
  • December:
    • Truman establishes a “Commission on the Civic rights”. It recommends the prohibition of discrimination in employment, in public transport inter-States, the establishment of Fair Employment Practice Standing committee, laws against lynching, the prohibition of the “poll taxes”.
    • the American Senate approves the entry of the United States in UNO.
    • the Nobel Prize of peace is allotted to the Americans Emily Balch and John R. Mott.

  • Revival of consumption. Brutal inflation.

    • Failure of the policy of stabilization of the prices. In May, the administration must accept a raising of prices of corn and corn so that the farmers free cereals promised in famished Europe. In summer, when she claims to limit the rise in the prices of the meat, the latter disappears from the stalls. The October 14th, Truman must be inclined, and almost all controls are removed. From 1945 with 1947, the food price index passes from 140 to nearly 200.

Asia

  • January 5th: The Chinese government recognizes the Mongolia. The trade and the relations are restored between the two nations. The rupture sino-Soviet of end of the year 1950 puts a term at it.
  • November: The Afghanistan becomes member of the the United Nations.

the West Indies

  • Mars: After a first failure, the negotiations between the Netherlands and the République of Indonesia begin again under the mediation of Sir Archibald Clark Kerr.
  • April 3rd: Of torture Japanese Masaharu Homma is carried out with Manila, for the “walk of died” of Bataan inflicted with American prisoners.
  • May: The Dutch government admits the existence of a “Republic of Indonesia” limited to Java within the framework of the “Commonwealth of Indonesia”.
  • June 18th, Indonesia: Sutan Sjahrir formula of the counter-proposals: suspension of the hostilities, maintains troops on their current locations, recognition of the republican government with Java and Sumatra, creation of a free State of Indonesia which would conclude an alliance with the Netherlands and participation in the formation from this free State of the representatives of the external territories. The Dutchmen who want to regain a footing in the external possessions, refuse them.
  • July 4th: Proclamation of the independence of the Filipino with respect to the the United States. The Parliament accepts the military and economic conditions posed by the United States.
  • July 16th: The Dutchmen open with Malino (Sulawesi) a conference of the populations of the islands joining together 39 deputy (Papous, Daya ks, Moluquois, Malais, Chinese, etc), which created a State of Eastern Indonesia. One prepares the constitution of a State of Borneo. The guerilla continues while the Dutch troops take the changing of the British. The blockade of Java has serious economic consequences.
  • October 14th: After the intervention of the Great Britain, an armistice is signed between the Dutchmen and the guerilla indonésienne.
  • November 15th: The British withdraw themselves from Indonesia in November and persuade the Dutchmen and the republicans to sign the Linggajati approval, which recognizes the authority in fact of the republic with Java and Sumatra and envisages the creation of federal Indonesia before January 1st 1949 within the framework of a “Union hollando-indonésienne”. The Dutch economic interests are safeguarded. The draft agreement, accommodated well by the Indonésiens parties, is signed in Holland the March 25th 1947 in spite of the reserve of the conservatives and the catholics. It will not be applied. It follows several years of negotiations and guerilla before independence is not recognized in December 1949.

  • the British try to create a Malayan Union, gathering Malacca, Pulau Pinang and the nine Malayan States of the peninsula, by transferring sovereignty from the sultans to the British crown. The proposal starts a violent reaction within the Malayan population. The opposition to the union brings the formation of United Malays National Organization (UMNO). The local sovereigns boycott the new system and the British are obliged to start talks, especially with the sovereigns and the UMNO, which will lead to the creation of the federation of Malaysia in 1948.

  • the North-Borneo, the sultanate of Brunei and Sarawak become colonies of the British crown.

India

  • Process of decolonization in India in spring. The British send missions to prepare a constitution. A project of Federal state is rejected by the Moslems.

  • July 24th: A constituent Assembly is elected. The Parti the Congress of Jawaharlal Nehru gains 207 seats against 73 with the Moslem Ligue of Ali Jinnah.
  • September 2nd: Nehru and its colleagues, left prison, agree to belong to the executive council of the viceroy.
  • Be: The Moslem Ligue, which claims the parity with the Congress, refuses to take part in the government and starts violent actions: Jinnah decides to start one day of action which degenerates in the Bengal in true war islamo-Hindu woman and makes more 10  000 dead. Jinnah must accept that the League takes part in the temporary government. The intercommunity confrontations multiply.

Indo-China

  • January: The Thailand concluded a treaty with the the United Kingdom and the India by which it gives up, inter alia, with its claims on the Malayan territories which had been yielded to him during the war. The diplomatic relations of the country with the United States are joined again the same month.

  • February: Thakin Soe, dissenting pro-Soviet of the Burmese PC, founds the Burmese Red Drapeau and starts with 2  000 men, a popular guerilla set up in Armed with release .

  • March 6th: Agreements between Sainteny and Ho Chi Minh. France recognizes the republic of Vietnam like free State being part of the Indochinese Federation and from the French French Union and troops can return to Hanoi.

  • May 3rd: End of the campaign of Burma with the catch of Rangoon by the British.

    • the Thakin movement benefitted from the weakness of the government installed by the Japanese to resist the Japanese domination through the League antifascist for the freedom of the people (AFPFL). After the war, the British discover that the AFPFL, directed by Aung San, with the seizure on the indigenous political power.
  • May, Laos: the insurrectionary movement antifrançais Lao Issarak is eliminated by a French task force. France takes again the country which becomes an autonomous State.
  • June 1st: The decision of the French High-Commissioner Georges Thierry d' Argenlieu to constitute a “provisional government of the Cochinchine” to Saigon causes the protest of the government of Hanoi.
  • June 9th: Beginning of the reign of Rowed IX, minor, king of Thailand (crowned the May 5th 1950).
  • July 14th: Failure of the conference of Fontainebleau started in June. Ho Chi Minh sign a working arrangement with the French government.
  • July: the Burmese PC founds the Burmese White Drapeau with Thakin Than Tun as president and Thein EP as general secretary, and organizes strikes.
  • : Failure of the negotiations free-Vietnameses of Fontainebleau.
  • August: In Burma, Aung San prohibits the communist activities within its movement AFPFL (League antifascist of the people for freedom).
  • 23 - November 24th: Bombardment of Haïphong by the France in answer to attacks of the Vietnamese soldier-minh: nearly 6000 dead.
  • November: France takes again possession of the territories yielded to the Thailand in 1941.
  • December 15th: The Thailand is allowed to sit at the United Nations (UNO).
  • December 19th: Clash of Hanoï. Vietnamese takeover by force in Hanoï, beginning of the War of Indo-China (fine in 1954).
  • December 22nd: After its attempt at insurrection in Hanoi Ho Chi Minh decides to return in clandestinity and entrusts the government to Giap, ordering popular army.

  • Traffic of the piastres, during the war of Indo-China: the piastre is worth officially 17 francs, but one buys it for 7 to 8 francs. They is 10 francs of benefit for those which can change it with the official course, regulated.

  • the popular army of the Democratic republic of Vietnam account already of 80  000 with 100  000 men, of which 60  000 regular.
  • Plane of industrialization of the French Indo-China.

China

  • January 5th: Signature of a treaty of mutual assistance with the Soviet Union and recognition of the existence of Mongolia-External by China.
  • January 13rd: Signature in the presence of an American representative of an agreement between nationalists and Communists on the suspension of the hostilities and the evacuation of the Mandchourie by the Communists.
  • March 9th: The Red Army leaves the Mandchourie.
  • April 11th: Resumption of the civil war in China.
    • Failure of the negotiations of Tch' ong King for the creation of a common governmental program. Failure of the mediation of the American general Marshall. Suspension of the American assistance to the nationalists.
  • June 30th: Resumption of the engagements between the Chinese nationalists and Communists. The adversaries engage a speed race to recover the territories left by Japanese (1946-1948).

Korea

  • February: Kim Il Sung with the head of the provincial committees North-Korean.
  • March 25th: Program in 20 points of Kim Il Sung, followed until August of the nationalization of industry.
  • August 29th: Kim Il Sung founds with Kim Tubong the popular party of the Work of Korea (Pt).

  • Failure of the American-Soviet conferences for the unification of the Korea (1946 and 1947).

Japan

  • January 19th: Creation of the international military Tribunal for the Far East (court of Tokyo). He judges 5000 accused and pronounces 900 death sentences (May 3rd 1946 - November 12th 1948).
  • May 3rd: Beginning with the Japan of the lawsuit of 28 former leaders (until November 12th, 1948): 7 condemned to death, and 16 at the life imprisonment: lawsuit of Tokyo.
  • August 24th: Promulgation of a new democratic constitution adopted by the Room of the representatives worked out by American lawyers starting from the British model.
  • October 11th: Land reform dividing the great fields to redistribute them with the peasants without grounds.

  • the emperor gives up his divine ascent.

  • Dissolution of the army, destruction of stocks of military material and the fortresses and arsenals.
  • Dismemberment of the Zaibatsu (industrial combines) of 1946 with 1949.

Oceania & the Pacific

  • the Territory of New Guinea is declared Trust Territory of the the United Nations, administratively directed by the Australia.
  • the New Caledonia is set up in French territory of overseas.
  • Foundation of the Commission of the Southern Pacific.

  • July 1st: Explosion above the atoll of Bikini of a atomic bomb with the Plutonium.

  • July 27th: First underwater explosion of an American atomic bomb, close to Bikini.

Europe

Eastern Europe

  • January 11th: Proclamation of the Popular republic of Albania, which will be chaired by Enver Hoxha (fine in 1954).

  • January 30th: Introduction of the Hungarian republic .
  • January 31st: First Yugoslav Constitution promulgated by the constituent Assembly. Copied on the Soviet Constitution of 1936, it proclaims in right the equality of all the people constituting the republic, without reference of nationality, race or religion. The constituent Assembly reorganizes in National parliament.
  • February: A new cabinet, with the marshal Tito like Prime Minister and an increased communist representation, is formed in Yugoslavia. The Tito government nationalizes various sectors of the economy, imposes restrictions on the Catholic church and liquid the groups of opposition. The Communist party is the only legal political party. The critical newspapers towards the government are prohibited.
  • February 4th: Ferenc Nagy (Left the small holders) Prime Minister in Hungary, and Mátyás Rákosi, general secretary of the Hungarian Communist party, Deputy Prime Minister in Hungary.
  • February 5th: The Great Britain and the the United States establish diplomatic relations with the Romania.
  • Mars: The Rumanian social democrat Party decides for alliance with the Rumanian Communist party.
  • April 24th: Formation of the socialist party unified (SED) in East Germany, which joins together socialist and communist
  • May 26th: The Czechoslovakian Communist party obtains 38% of the voices to the general elections.
  • June 19th: Edvard Beneš, former Head of the State, chairs Czechoslovakian government in exile during the war, is elected president of the Czechoslovakian Republic. The Communist Klement Gottwald form the government.
  • July 17th: The general Draža Mihailović is carried out by the Yugoslav government.
  • August: Introduction of a new currency in Hungary, the florint, which contributes to stabilization.
  • September 4th, Bulgaria: 93% of the Bulgares voters decide in favor of the introduction of the Republic.
  • September 18th: Mgr Aloysius Stepinac, primacy catholic of Yugoslavia, is condemned to the life imprisonment. Released in 1951, it is assigned with residence until its death, in 1960.
  • September 19th, Romania: The parties represented with the government constitute the “Block of the Democratic parties” on the basis of common program for the elections to come.
  • October 27th, Bulgaria: Victoire of the Face of the fatherland to the legislative ones. On the 366 seats obtained, 277 go to Communists.
  • November 1st: The Rumanian elections see the victory (71%) “democratic block” dominated by the PC. It takes the stations - keys with the government. The opposition complains about frauds and violence, but the king agrees to open the Parliament.
  • November 22nd: Georgi Dimitrov form a government with communist majority in Bulgaria.

  • During several months after the creation of the republic, the Hungary is at the edge of the bankruptcy. Shortage of food products, inflation, deterioration of the infrastructure of transport and other dislocations economic harm the national rectification seriously. Moreover, the country must provide for the needs for the Soviet occupying army and pay 300 billion dollars to the Soviet Union, the Yugoslavia and the Czechoslovakia.

  • the government Tito tries to form large collective farms and enters in conflict with the peasants.
  • Nationalization of the banks and the iron and steel industry in Hungary.
  • the expulsion of the 2,5 German million of Sudètes puts an end to seven hundred years an old presence and makes it possible the Czechoslovakia to have a population with 95% Czech or Slovak.

Soviet Union
  • January 1st: Beginning of four-year plane IVe in Soviet Union.
  • In March, Replacement of NKVD by the MVD.
  • the factory of Trucks Malyshev 75 with Kharkov, second city of the Ukraine, undertakes the series production of the Char T 44, a machine of 35 tons equipped with a gun of 85 millimetres, and higher than the Char Sherman American, best of which they have then with its 28 tons and its gun 76 millimetres.

Western Europe

  • January, Spain: Execution of 14 opponents to the pro-Franco mode, creating a sharp international emotion (death of Cristino Garciá, liberator of the Gard and Ardèche). The French government decides to close the border starting from March 1st.

  • February 21st: Publication with Hamburg, with the downstream of the British occupying forces of the first number of the German liberal weekly magazine Die Zeit , the magazine of Protestant intelligentsia.
  • March 4th: The the United States, the France and the the United Kingdom launch a call to the Spanish in favor of the inversion of the pro-Franco mode .
  • March 5th: Speech of Winston Churchill with Fulton (Missouri) on the “Iron curtain” in the presence of the president Harry Truman.
  • May 13rd: An American military tribunal condemns to death 58 Germans considered to be responsible for died for 70  000 deportees in the camp of Mauthausen.
  • July 29th: Conference of Paris preparing the Treaty of Paris of February 1947.
  • August 30th Ordonanz NR. 57, Mainz is fixed seat of Land the Rhineland-Palatinat by general Marie Pierre Koenig
  • 1 {{er}} - September 17th: The Greek Communist party starts the resumption of the civil war.
  • September 19th: Speech of Churchill in favor of the United States of Europe.
  • September 30th: The court of Nuremberg returns its decision in the lawsuit on the Nazi Germany found guilty of aggression against eleven countries.
  • October 1st: End of the Lawsuit of Nuremberg.
  • October 11th: Tage Erlander, social democrat Prime Minister in Sweden (fine in 1969).
  • October 15th: Commit suicide of Hermann Göring in his prison of Nuremberg.
  • October 16th: Hanging of the Nazis chiefs following the Procès of Nuremberg is: Joachim von Ribbentrop, Keitel, Kaltenbrunner, Rosenberg, Frank, Frick, Streicher, Sess-Inquart, Sauckel and Jold. Goering committed suicide a few hours before its execution.
  • November: The Sweden becomes the 54e member of the the United Nations.
  • December 12th: The resolution of UNO of condemns the pro-Franco government and recommends the recall of the ambassadors.

France

See also: 1946 in France

the United Kingdom

  • Important program of nationalizations: nationalization of the Bank of England (February 14th), of coal mining (May 20th), of the civil aviation (August 14th), of telecommunications and transport.

  • December: Vote law on the national department of health (NHS).

  • National Insurrance Act : the principle of the Social Security establishes in 1906 is extended to all the nation (allowances unemployment, disease and old age, family allowances and pensions of widowhood).

  • Law on housing bringing the State aid to the programmes of rebuilding of the local government agencies: 900  000 new residences are built between 1947 and 1950.
  • Loi on town and country planning.
  • Taken again television programs of BBC.

Italy

  • January 1st: Alcide De Gasperi replaces in the administrations the authorities named by the Committees of release by civils servant of career. The High commissionership for the sanctions against Fascism east dissolves.

  • January 19th: The Confederation of the industrialists and the General confederation of work (CGIL) sign an agreement which gradually puts an end to blocking dismissals.
  • 4 - February 8th: Congress of the party of Action in Rome. The party, strongly shared between opposed currents, dissolves.
  • March 9th: Approval of a decree which fixes at the June 2nd the institutional referendum and the election of the constituent Assembly.
  • 11 - April 17th: Congress of the Italian Socialist party with Florence. While reaffirming its will of collaboration with the Communists, the party reveals the important ones running separatists and reformists.
  • 23 - April 29th: Congress of the left Christian-Democrat with Rome. The party is concealed with a standpoint on the institutional affair.
  • May 9th: Victor-Emmanuel III abdicates in favor of the crown prince Humbert II, which controls until June.
  • June 2nd:
    • Fall of Italian monarchy. By referendum, the Italians decide, with a narrow majority (54% of the voices), in favor of the republican mode. The king Humbert II withdraws himself with the Portugal.
    • Election the same day of a constituent Assembly where the Christian Democrat is majority (31%), in front of Socialists (20,7%) and Communists (19%). For the first time, the women take part in the poll.
  • June 13rd: Victor-Emmanuel III, the king Humbert II, and the heir Victor-Emmanuel leave for the Portugal.
  • June 18th: Proclamation of the Italian republic.
  • June 25th: Opening of the constituent Assembly.
  • June 26th: Enrico Of Nicola is elected provisional chief of the State.
  • July 13rd: After having resigned, Alcide De Gasperi form a new cabinet with in particular Nenni, Segni and Scelba. Although NCV continues to ensure its participation, Togliatti prefers not to have a wallet to enjoy a greater criticism and liberty of action.
  • September 5th: Italy and the Austria sign an agreement which ensures Italy the possession of the Haut-Adige.
  • October 26th: The socialist party and the Communist party renew their pact of unit of action.
  • quadripartite Agreements of Trieste (the United States, Soviet Union, the U.K., France) envisaging the nomination of a governor by the Safety advice of the United Nations and the organization of local elections. Allied manpower will be reduced.
  • December 26th: Creation of the MSI (Italian Social movement), directed by Giorgio Almirante, certain former fascists, permitted by a law of amnesty.

  • Discovered Natural gas in the valley of the Po by Enrico Mattei. Charged with liquidating the Agency of oil exploration installation by Mussolini, Mattei continues the prospection against the opinion of its superiors and discovers important methane layers. Air-tight American and industrial, it establishes the Italian monopoly for their exploitation by creating in 1953 the Ente nazionale idrocarburi (ENI), which it directs in an autocratic way until its mysterious death in an air crash in 1962.

  • a “plan of the first help” is granted by the the United States.
  • Italy adheres to the the IMF.

The Middle East & world arabo-Moslem

  • January 22nd: Transitory Kurdish republic of Mahabad (fine in April 1947).
  • January: The Great Britain accepts opening of negotiations for its withdrawal of Egypt.
  • January - April: Commission Bevin (chief of the British diplomacy) on the fate of the Jewish of Europe. She concludes with the need from the Mandat or the supervision from UNO in Palestine. She proposes the cancellation of the principal resolutions of the White paper of 1939, whose quotas with immigration, and estimates that it should be supported economic development so that the Arabs catch up with the standard of living of the Juifs. The report/ratio is rejected by the two parts. The tension goes up between Washington and London during the summer because it refusal British to support the Jewish immigration of Europe.
  • February 10th: Riots antianglaises with the Cairo and Alexandria which causes the resignation of the Egyptian government. The new cabinet will ask for the February 26th to the British to evacuate the two cities, which will be to it the May 16th.
  • February 28th: Departure of the last British troops of Iran.
  • March 22nd:
    • Advertisement of the withdrawal of the Lebanon of the majority of the French troops before the August 31st. The last will be evacuated on December 25th.
    • the Great Britain recognizes the independence of the Transjordanie, placed under mandate since 1922. The British military presence remains unchanged.
  • April 3rd: Agreement between the Iran and the Soviet Union envisaging the departure of all the Soviet troops, the creation of a mixed company in charge of the exploitation of oil in north and the negotiations between the Iranian authorities and the provinces separatists of Azerbaïdjan and of the Kurdistan.
  • April 4th: The Red Army leaves the Iran.
  • April 7th: Withdrawal of the last French troops of Syria. Legislative elections: the national Bloc disappears to leave room to two new parties, the national party (partisans of the president Shukri Al-Kuwatli, for independence with regard to the other country Arab) and left the people (favorable to the projects of union). The national party preserves the capacity while being combined with the independent ones, but the absence of clear majority paralyzes the capacity. This situation supports the development of the Syrian popular party (PS) on the right and of the Ba' HT (Arab socialist party) on the left. The first measurement of the government is to reduce manpower of the Syrian army.
  • April 29th: A Anglo-American commission disadvises a division of the Palestine.
  • May 3rd: Approximately a million people strike in Palestine to denounce the arrival of 100  000 refugees and Jewish settlers.
  • May 26th: The emir Abdallah (Abdallah ibn Hussein) is proclaimed king of Transjordanie.
  • July 22nd: The organization Zionist Irgoun Zvaï Leumi of Menahem Begin makes jump a wing of the hotel of king David to Jerusalem which shelters the general headquarter of the British forces, making 92 dead. Violence settles between British soldiers and Jewish population. The Arabs, divided, remain calm. The king Abdallah proposes a division by amicable agreement Palestine.
  • July 31st: Publication of the Plane Morrison-Grady which recommends the division of the Palestine in three zones, Jewish, Arab and British.
  • August 5th: The Jewish Agence rejects the Morrison plan.
  • August 8th: Moscow request with Ankara the revision of the convention of Montreux on the Straits. The Turkish government, supported by the Western Allies, accepts the principle of a revision, but refuses the presence of Soviet ships in the straits.
  • October 4th: Conference of London with the Arabs and the Zionists. Attlee proposes a new form of cooperation based on supports with the independence of the Arab countries. The Arab representatives propose the creation of an Arab State of Palestine with a denominational political organization on the Lebanese model. The British hope to arrive to a compromise when Truman affirms being favorable to the division, involving the withdrawal of the Arab delegations.
  • November 15th: Publication of an agreement by which the British commit themselves evacuating the Egypt immediately and before three years the Suez Canal. The public opinion refuses the agreement, which is buried with the resignation of the Egyptian government in December.
  • December 25th: The last French soldiers leave the Lebanon and the Syria.

  • Campaign repatriation of refugees towards the Soviet Arménie: from 100 with 150  000 Armenians settle in 1946 - 1947. The refugees find conditions difficult, having to work more than 12 hours per days for a standard of living appreciably lower than that which they had reached in the countries refuges. As of November, escapes take place, then multiply in 1947. The escaped prisoners are killed for the majority, but some-a arrive in Perse, Turkey or at the Lebanon. The candidates with repatriation are done rare.

  • the Mufti of Jerusalem returns in the East and settles with the Cairo.

Art S & Culture S

See also: 1946 with the cinema, 1946 in music, 1946 in literature, 1946 with the theater, 1946 as a cartoon, 1946 on television

  • February 15th: Art and Résistance , exposure where Picasso presents the Mass grave and the Monument with the Spaniards died for France .
  • March 28th: First Parisian Mid-Lent of post-war period: a very large procession of the Carnival of Paris share of the place of the Pantheon, traverses all the Grands Boulevards and finishes with the Markets.
  • May 28th: Agreement Blum-Byrnes; at the same time as it cancels the war debt of the France with respect to the United States, it authorizes in exchange the American Film S in the French rooms of Cinéma.
  • June: First personal exposure to New York of the painter Maria Elena Vieira da Silva.
  • July 19th: Opening to Paris of the first Living room of new Realities, which represents the abstraction, the concrete Art and the constructivism.
  • Discovered manuscripts Essénien S (Dead Sea Scroll) in the caves close to Qirbet Qumrân in Jordan (1946-1956).
  • Parution of Rouge is the blood of the Blacks (Mine Servant boy) of Peter Abrahams.

Sciences & technologies

See also: 1946 in science

See also: 1946 in aeronautics

Sports & discovered

Births in 1946

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Death in 1946

Beats-smg: 1946 Be-X-old: 1946 Map-bms: 1946 Simple: 1946 Zh-yue: 1946 年

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