1940 in science

Events

  • at the beginning of year: The “group of Paris” (Joliot and Al ) watch which heavy water would be a moderating ideal.
  • January 5th: The American federal Commission of the communications makes a first demonstration of the radio operator FM.
  • February: The physicist John Ray, collaborator of Niels Bohr, manages for the first time to separate the Uranium 235 and uranium 238, a progress determining for work on nuclear fission.
  • February 27th: Discovered Carbon-14.
  • March: Memorandum of Frisch and Peierls on small the Critical mass of Uranium 235 making it possible to consider a Bombe has airborne.
  • April 10th: First meeting of the Commission MAUD
  • April 20th: Public presentation with Philadelphia of the Electron microscope by RCA allowing to enlarge 5000 times.
  • April 28th: The White House entrusts to the physicist Enrico Fermi the responsibility for the experiments in order to obtain a reaction of Nuclear fission on an important mass of Uranium.
  • April 29th: With the meeting of spring of APS, he is discussed of the chain reaction. The NewYork Times makes a headline of it.
  • April: France buys all the stock of heavy Eau of the Norwegian factory of Vemork
  • May 15th: First setting on sale of the nylon stockings, registered trademark by “Dupont de Nemours” - 72.000 pairs are sold in eight hours in New York.
  • May 25th: With Oxford, the Australian pathologist Howard Florey and its collaborators experienced on three mice of the Pénicilline purified and stabilized. This success opens the possibility of producing penicillin industrially.
  • May 27th: University of Bekerley: discovered Neptunium, first transuranic element, by the physicists Edwin McMillan and Philip Abelson.
  • June 12th: Vannevar Bush proposes to president Roosevelt the creation of NDRC
  • June 18th: Physicists of the “  group of Paris  ” Hans Halban and Lew Kowarski embarks in direction of Southampton where it convoient the totality of the European stock of heavy Eau, necessary to the nuclear research. This stock, yielded by the Norwegian one of Nitrogen, escapes the Germans thus.
  • June 27th: Creation of the National Commission of research for defense (NDRC) American, under the direction of Vannevar Bush.
  • June: The American immunologist of Austrian origin Karl Landsteiner and A.S. Wiener discovers the Rhesus factor, which governs compatibility between human bloods.
  • August 28th: The CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System) announces with New York the development of a system of Télévision color. A demonstration is made the September 4th.
  • September 12th: the Mission Tizard presents to the USA the British projections on the Magnétron with cavities
  • December: Glenn Seaborg and Edwin McMillan obtains Plutonium.
  • December: Franz Simon watch the possibility of the enrichment of the Uranium by gas diffusion.

  • the astrophysicist Russo-American George Gamow presents her theory on the “Big Bang” which would be at the origin of the universe.

  • Medicine: Barbara McClintock for her discovery of let us transpose in the Maïs.
  • American Henry Kaiser applies prefabrication to the construction of the ships.
  • Elements of mathematics , Nicolas Bourbaki.

Price

  • Physical Nobel Prize
    • : Not decreed
    • Chemistry: Not decreed
    • Physiology or medicine: Not decreed
  • Medal Wollaston: Henry Woods

Births

Death

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