This page relates to the year 1927 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

  • the life expectancy in the developed countries is 54,1 years.

Europe

  • January 1st: Introduction of a new currency in Hungary, the Pengö, in the place of the crown strongly devaluated by inflation.

  • February 3rd, Portugal: Republican insurrection with Oporto and Lisbon against the mode of the general Antonio Carmona. Bloody repression constrained opposition to the exile.
  • May 14th: Launching of the Cape Garded with Hamburg.
  • 25 - July 26th: Creation with Valence of the Iberian anarchistic Federation.
  • July: Creation of the unemployment insurance in Germany.
  • July 20th: Died of Ferdinand Ier of Romania. His/her son Carol having been isolated throne in 1925 for his connection with one divorced, Magda Lupescu, the capacity is exerted by a council of regency chaired by the patriarch. Michel I {{er}}, wire of Carol, six years old, becomes king.
  • August 21st: First congress of NSDAP to Nuremberg.
  • September 15th: Strong progression of the Fianna Fail , left nationalist Eamon De Valera with the legislative elections in Ireland.
  • September 19th: Into a speech made on the spot of the Battle of Tannenberg, Hindenburg rejects the responsibility for the Germany in the release of the Great War.
  • October 15th: Russia: the faction of Stalin carries it in Soviet Union on the troika made up of Leon Trotski, Lev Kamenev and Grigori Zinoviev who are all the three excluded from the Communist party.
  • Spain: Miguel Primo de Rivera names an advisory National Assembly (on the model of the Large Council of Fascism) to work out a new constitution, which will not be born.
  • Commercial treaty enters France and Germany.
  • the United Kingdom: Law on the employment relationships ( Trades Arguments Act ) prohibiting the strikes of solidarity and the general strikes.
  • Laws on the collective agreements with the Netherlands.
  • Legal settlement between the Romania and the the Vatican.
  • Left social democrat Romania (PSDR).
  • the Hungary approaches the fascistic Italy.
  • NEP, founded by Lénine, allowed the agricultural production and industrial Soviet Union to reach its level of pre-war period. The economic re-establishment justifies the resumption of the “construction of socialism”.
  • the Nobel Prize of peace is allotted to the French Ferdinand Buisson - founder and president of the league of the human rights and to the German Ludwig Quidde.

France

See also: 1927 in France

Italy

  • April 21st: Promulgation of the Charter of work on the relationship between workers and employers.

  • the institutional framework of the State Fasciste is in place. It appears in many countries like an example of success. The mode is a personal dictatorship granted to Mussolini, supported by a sole party and the Almighty. The king with still a considerable capacity (it can revoke the Prime Minister, to maintain its authority on the Court of Auditors, the Court of appeal and the Council of State, remains the chief of the army and chooses the senators) but it does not have the will to be opposed to the mode. The Room becomes a room of recording.

  • Development of a kind of worship of the personality of Duce. Portraits, statues, paintings with its effigy make it omnipresent in the Italian life. The change of calendar (which begins from now on in 1922), the organization of gatherings, fascistic festivals which replace the old festivals of unified Italy, reinforces this worship of the chief.
  • the radio becomes national monopoly.

Soviet Union

  • October 23rd: during a common meeting with the central Commission of Control, the Central committee expels Trotski and Zinoviev of the Central committee, deciding moreover to subject to XVe congress, so that it examines them, all the documents reporting the factious activities of the opposition Trotskiste
  • November 15th: Leon Trotski and Grigori Zinoviev is expelled of the Communist party by the Central committee
  • 2 December 19th: The faction of Stalin definitively carries it in on the faction of Leon Trotski at the time of XVe Congrès of the Communist party which endorses expulsions of Trotski and Zinoviev and expels Kamenev.

Africa

  • Fourth Panafrican Congress with New York.

  • Congress international of the Blacks and anti-impérialiste Conference with Brussels.
  • Creation of the League against colonial oppression and the imperialism with Brussels (Rolls Senghor, Tiémoko Garan-Kouyaté and Camille Holy-Rose).
  • Famine in Ethiopia (1927 - 1928).
  • Abolition of slavery in Sierra Leone.
  • Strike of the postal workers to Dakar.
  • Strike in the mines in Southern Rhodesia.
  • Bang mining of the area of the Copperbelt in Rhodesia (Copper).
  • Realization of the roadway submarine of Sotuba, which makes it possible to cross the Niger with Bamako.
  • AOF : Adoption of the European program in the “indigenous” sections of the urban schools.

The Middle East & world-Arabic

  • May 20th: Treated Djeddah between Abdelaziz Ibn Sa' ud and the Great Britain, which recognizes the complete independence of the subjected territories. Ibn Its' ud gives up in exchange any claim on the emirates of the Gulf and is committed establishing friendly relations with the British. The treaty will be renewed in 1936 and 1943.

  • Strong concentration of nomads in the Nedjd: “without the control of the English police force, the Arab invasions started again” (Albert Hettner).

  • Egypt: From 1927, the British accept the principle of a progressive transfer of the military responsibilities to Egypt and a revision for the system of the Capitulations, always into force. But the negotiations fail.

Asia & India

  • the Indian National congress claims the independence of the country.

  • Foundation of the national Left the Vietnam, who wants to expel the French with the assistance of China. The party is broken after the failure of the mutiny of Yen Bai (February 10th 1930).
  • Danish Forwarding Henning-Haslund-Christiansen in Afghanistan (1927 - 1930).

China

  • January 7th: The nationalist occupy the British concessions .
  • the February 22nd, cash on the arrival of the nationalist troops which have just seized the British concession from Hankou, the communist launch the order of insurrection which fails the February 24th vis-a-vis repression. The nationalist troops seize Shanghai then enter Nankin the March 22nd where Européens are massacred.
  • March 26th: With Shanghai, Tchang Kaï-chek request withdrawal of the international troops.
  • April 12th: Tchang Kaï-chek launches the offensive on the Syndicat S procommunists of Shanghai.
  • April 18th: Excluded from the Guomindang and the government, Tchang Kaï-chek forms in Nankin a nationalist government moderated with the right wing of Guomindang directed by Wang Jingwei.
  • April 27th: At the time of the 5th congress of the PCC, to which a delegation of the Komintern assists, alliance with Guomindang of left is maintained.
  • the May 22nd Tchang Kaï-chek removes with the Communists the arsenal of Hanyang.
  • July 15th: Rupture between nationalist and Communists.
  • : Communist insurrection in China in the Jiangxi. Rising of Nanchang. Formation of the popular Armed with release.
  • November 13rd: The Communist government of Hankou is dispersed.
  • December 12th: The Russian agents organize a revolutionary movement with Canton which will be destroyed by Tchang Kaï-chek. The Communists fold up themselves towards the campaigns.
  • Period of dryness and food shortage (1927-1928).
  • 836  000 Chinese emigrates towards the Mandchourie.

Indonesia

  • Revisions of the regulation concerning the autonomous territories (1927, 1928, 1938). The rights of the Dutch State are increased.
  • the Communists are in clandestinity (1927 - 1934). Their action continues near the trade unions.
  • Soekarno and of former members of the Perhimpunan Indonesia, in favor of total independence and the creation of a democratic government, founds the nationalist Parti indonésien ( Partai Nasional Indonesia , or PNI). The PNI works in agreement with the Sarekat Islam and quickly becomes the nationalist party most important.

Americas

Canada

The United States

  • March 14th: Creation of the airline company Side American Airways.
  • January 7th: One century after its invention by Beautiful Graham, the telephone crosses the Atlantic by cables and thus joined America to the old continent.
  • April 7th: The company Bell Telephone transmits images and sounds of Washington to New York.
  • April 22nd - May 7th: Great rising of the the Mississippi.
  • 20 - May 21st: Lindbergh off crosses the Atlantic as a recluse on board Spirit Saint Louis.
  • June 28th: An American crew connects San Francisco and Honolulu without stopover on “Fokker F VII 3m”: 3.890 km in 25 hours and 49 minutes.
  • August 23rd: Execution of the Sacco anarchists and Vanzetti, condemned in 1921, in spite of the protest campaign.
  • August: Beginning of the stock exchange Boom. The lowering of the discount rate from 4 to 3,5% and the concerted purchases of certain actions start a wave of rise.
  • October 20th: Ford Motor Company lance the model has and records 50,000 orders.

  • Two million unemployed.

  • McNary-Haugen Bill, projects envisaging the creation of a federal organization charged to repurchase the surpluses of six agricultural produce to maintain the courses are rejected by twice by the president (1927 and 1928).

Latin America

  • January 1st: Beginning of the War of Cristeros with the Mexico.
  • May 4th, Nicaragua: The the United States manage to put an end to the “war constitutionalist” (1926 -1927) while obliging liberal and conservatives to find an arrangement by the pact of Espino Negro envisaging elections for 1928 supervised by the Americans. A liberal leader, Augusto César Sandino refuses the compromise and continues the fight with his “Army of defense of national sovereignty” (1927 - 1933).
  • May 10th: The general Carlos Ibáñez del Campo is made elect president with the Chile following a fraudulent election. He founds a dictatorship progressist which modernizes the State: professionalisation of the administration, reforms education system, economic interventionism, new labor regulation (1931).

  • Brazil, the government declares the illegal strikes.

Arts & culture

See also: 1927 with the cinema, 1927 in music, 1927 in literature, 1927 with the theater, 1927 as a cartoon

Sciences & technology

Sports

Births in 1927

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Death in 1927

Beats-smg: 1927 Be-X-old: 1927 Map-bms: 1927 Simple: 1927 Zh-yue: 1927 年

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