1918

This page relates to the year 1918 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

First World War

  • January 8th: The president Wilson announces his programme of peace in “Fourteen points”: sovereignty of the Russia, release of the France, autonomous development of the people of the Austria-Hungary, creation of a Company of the Nations. It aims transposing the liberal democracy to the international scales and at sitting the commercial expansion on an international order mutually authorized.
  • Rectification of the Italian army to the beginning of the year.
  • February: Failure of the negotiation Armand-Revertera.
  • February 9th: Peace separated between the Germany and the Ukrainian government with Kiev.
  • March 3rd: Peace separated between Lénine and central empires signed with Brest-Litovsk. the Russia gives up the Russian Poland, the Lithuania, the Courlande. It is committed to evacuate the Livonie, the Estonia, recognizing the independence of the Finland and the Ukraine.
  • March 18th: The Romania sign a preliminary peace treaty with the central powers with Buftea.
  • March-July: Great battle of France.
  • March 21st: Beginning of the battle of Picardy. German offensive against the British between Arras and the Fère-in-Tardenois (Luddendorff and Hindenburg).
  • March 23rd: Paris is bombarded by the Pariser Kanonen (and not the Grosse Bertha).
  • March 25th: Conference of Abbeville between the Haig marshal and the generals Wilson and Foch, prepares the conference of Doullens.
  • March 30th: The general Pershing places the American forces at the disposal of Foch.
    • Two million American soldiers is sent in Europe starting from April (50  000 victims). This continuous reinforcement (200  000 men per month) shift balance with the profit of the Agreement.

  • October: The forces of Franchet d' Esperey go towards the Hungary.

  • October 3rd: max von Baden form a new government in Germany. The request for armistice is addressed to the the United States in the evening.
  • 24 - October 29th: Victorious Italian victorious offensive with Vittorio Veneto. The Austrians ebb on all fronts.
  • October 29th: Armistice of Salonique. The Austrian government requests the armistice from the Italy.
  • October 31st: Turkey signs the armistice with Moudros.
  • November 3rd: The Austria - Hungary sign the armistice with Villa Guisti in Italy.
  • November 7th: A delegation led by Mihály Károlyi is received with Belgrade by Franchet d' Espeyrey to sign an armistice on the Balkan face.
  • November 9th: Revolution in Germany, abdication of Kaiser Guillaume II.
  • November 10th: Benefitting from the victory from Allied, the Romania enters again in war and re-occupies the Transylvania.
  • November 11th: Signature of the armistice to Rethondes between the Germany and the allies, marking the end of the First World War.
  • November 13rd: The armistice of Belgrade signed by the general Franchet d' Esperey with the government of Mihály Károlyi fixes the line of demarcation between Hungarian and Roumanians in Transylvania. The Banat is occupied by the Serbia.
  • November: Occupation of Fiume by the Italian troops and a French quota
  • German Retirement under the pressure of the French, British and American troops.

Europe

  • the Iceland becomes a kingdom independent of the Denmark.

  • the male and female vote for all is registered in the law in Sweden.

Portugal

  • Création by the dictator Sidónio Feed of a republican nationalist party gathering the republicans of right-hand side.
  • October: Flu epidemic, which makes more 100  000 victims.
  • December 14th: Assassination of Sidónio Feed. Civil war in north.

  • Portugal receives a modest share of war indemnity but preserves its colonial empire. 10  000 Portuguese soldiers of Europe and Africa died during the conflict.

  • At the end of the war, the corn imports begin again. The corn, bought by the government is yielded at low prices to the industrialists of flour-milling who provide a “political” bread at a cheap rate. The opposition shows the government to injure the interests of the national producers and to increase the economic dependence of the country.
  • the management of the elementary schools passes from the municipalities to the State.

the United Kingdom

  • February 6th: Vote for all for the men (21 years) and the women (30 years).
  • April 1st: Creation of the Royal Air Force (RAF), fusion of the Royal Flying Body and the Royal Navy Air Service .
  • July: First air link between London and Cairo.
  • Program of the workers party which promises the introduction of “the collective ownership of the means of production” and “the administration and control by the people of each industry”.
  • December 14th: Electoral victory of the coalition of liberals and conservatives carried out by Lloyd George: 478 elected officials (144 liberals, 334 conservatives) vis-a-vis 28 dissenting liberals (Asquith) and 63 members of the Labor Party.
    • the 73 nationalist deputies elected officials in Ireland refuse to sit at Westminster in the name of the Home Rule and autoproclament “Parliament of Ireland”. They appoint the chief of the Sinn Féin, Eamon de Valera, like “President of the Republic”.

  • 1,9 billion £ of budget deficit. It is financed by the interior loan (5,5 billion in 1918), by the realization of the fifth of the investments overseas and by the loan abroad (1,3 billion foreign debt in 1918).

  • Six million men has summers mobilized in Great Britain during the conflict, to which the three million provided by the Empire is added. The war made 723  000 victims.
  • Plus of four million women works. Unemployment disappeared. The real incomes increased by 25% since 1914.
  • 1918 - 1921: laws on education (compulsory schooling at 14 years), on the maternal condition (in order to decrease infant mortality) and on social housing construction.

France

See also: 1918 in France

Italy

  • the war made 700  000 died on the Italian side. Areas are devastated, the country is ruined.

  • the war with favoured industrial development: the index of the industrial production passes from 54 to 62 between 1914 and 1918 (1938 =100) and the percentage of industry in the product gross private from 25% to 30%. The declared profits of iron and steel industry increase by 6,30 to 16,50%, those of the auto industry from 8 to 30%. FIAT employs 40  000 people against 4000 before the war, the aircraft industry produced 10  000 planes in 1917 -1918, the shipyards built 17 ships for a total of 92  900 tons in 1919 (45  024 in 1914).

Switzerland

Germany

Central Europe & Balkans

  • February 11th: Government Alexandru Averescu in Romania.
  • April 8th: The Congress of nationalities of the Austria-Hungary is opened with Rome. Those proclaim their will of independence. The the United States give their agreement to the dismantling of Austria-Hungary at the end of May, followed by the Military council of the Agreement, which includes with the goals of war the creation of the Poland, of the Czechoslovakia and the Slavic State of the south.
  • April 9th: Parliament of Bessarabia vote in favor of fastening to the Romania.
  • March 15th: Government Alexandru Marghiloman (germanophile) in Romania.
  • June: Famine in Cisleithanie.
  • the October 4th, the Socialist Victor Adler makes vote with the Reichsrat Vienna a resolution which recognizes with all the people of the Austro-Hungarian empire the right to self-determination.
  • October 18th: The emperor Charles Ier of Austria announces in a proclamation the transformation of the Austria-Hungary into a Federal state, without touching with the statute of the Hungary.
  • October 25th: Three opposition parties, the radical party, the social democrat party and the party of independence of the count Károlyi train in Hungary the National council.
  • October 28th: Proclamation of the First Czechoslovakian Republic by the Czech National committee with Prague. Agreement of Pittsburgh signed by Tomáš Masaryk with Slovak emigrants in the United States, guaranteeing to the Slovakia an autonomous statute in future Czechoslovakia.
  • October 29th: The Slovenien National council announces his separation with the Austria to form a State with the Croats and the Serb ones.
  • October 30th: The Hungarian National council is carried to the capacity by a merry revolution. Beginning of the coalition government of the count Mihály Károlyi in Hungary.
  • November 4th: Foundation of the Hungarian Communist party directed by the journalist close to Lénine Béla Kun.
  • November 12th: Abdication of Charles Ier of Austria and proclamation of the German republic of Austria. The right to vote is granted to the women in Austria.
  • November 13rd: Union of the Montenegro and the Serbia after the deposition of the king Nicolas Ier of Montenegro.
  • November 16th:
    • Proclamation of the republic of Hungary. The Károlyi government takes radical measures to democratize the country and to reduce the working and country condition.
    • Vote for all in Romania.
  • November 29th, Proclamation of the kingdom of Serb, the Croats, the Sloveniens (future Yugoslavia).
    • With Zagreb, Slovenien leader Mgr Anton Korošec and Serb the Svetozar Pribićević form a committee recognized by all the Slavic ones of Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Under the pressure of Allied (Clemenceau, Wilson), they adopt the declaration of Corfou. In October, the representatives of the various people under Austrian and Hungarian sovereignty meet in Zagreb, organize a provisional government and approve a resolution of union with the Serbia. The November 29th, they proclaim the suspension of the political bonds with Austria.
  • February 1st:
    • Resolutions of Alba Julia envisaging the union of the Transylvania to the Romania on the basis of democratic State in the borders traced by the Conference of peace. " Large unification" Romania.
    • Pierre I {{er}} Karageorgévitch, becomes king of Serb, the Croats and the Sloveniens (future Yugoslavia) under the regency of his son Alexandre of Serbia.
  • December 14th: Government Ion I.C. Brătianu in Romania.
  • December 24th: The king Ferdinand Ier of Romania promulgates a decree sanctioning the union of Transylvania to the kingdom of Romania.
  • December 26th: Working demonstrations with Bucharest. The police force shoots at crowd, making more than one hundred dead and of many casualties.

Poland and Baltic States

  • February 13rd: Declaration of independence of the Lithuania, recognized by the Treated of Versailles in 1919.
  • February 24th: Declaration of independence of the Estonia. The government Bolshevik is driven out by the Germans.
  • February: Rupture of the Polish opinion with the central Empires when those allot to the Ukraine independent the country of Chelm. The legions of the general Józef Haller, which fight at the sides of the Austro-Germans, start to desert. To haul succeeds in gaining France. It receives the command as a chief of the army of volunteers, formed by the Polish National committee, which fights on the French face.
  • March 25th: The Bielorussia is proclaimed independent for the first time. Installation of the Belorusse Popular republic.
  • November 11th:
    • Nomination of Józef Piłsudski as chief of army of Poland.
    • the independence of the Estonia is again proclaimed after the capitulation of the Germans.
  • November 14th: In Poland, Józef Piłsudski obtains the full powerss of the Council of regency.
  • November 18th: Declaration of independence of the Latvia. The troops Bolsheviks seize Rīga and replace the Latvian government moderate by a mode prosovietic. Civil war (1918-1920).

Russia

  • January 5th: Dissolution by the Bolsheviks of the constituent Assembly where they were minority.

  • January 23rd: The 3rd congress panrusse of the Soviets proclaims the creation of the Soviet federative socialist République of Russia (RSFSR)
  • January 28th: Creation of the Red Army .
  • February 10th: Trotski announces that the government Bolshevik orders the general demobilization without to sign the project of peace negotiated to Brest-Litovsk.
  • February 13rd: With this advertisement, the Germany decides to take again the hostilities to the RSFSR.
  • February 21st: Petrograd is put in state of siege and the revolutionary mobilization is issued.
  • February 23rd: The central powers launch an ultimatum to the Russia which is summoned to evacuate the Ukraine and the Finland and to yield the Latvia and the Estonia. The government Bolshevik accepts under the pressure of Lénine.
  • March 3rd: Peace of Brest-Litovsk between Lénine and the central empires the Russia loses 800  000 km ² and the quarter of its population.
  • Mars: Proclamation of the Belorusse democratic republic . Parliament of Bessarabia vote in favor of fastening to the Romania.
  • March 9th: The seat of the Soviet government is transferred from Pétrograd to Moscow.
  • March 12th: Moscow becomes capital RSFSR.
  • March 13rd: Trotski, appointed police chief of the people to the war is charged to organize the Red Army .
  • March 13rd: The Allies break their diplomatic relation with Russia and impose a blockade.
  • April 4th: Following the murder of one of their nationals, the Japan board unload with Vladivostok, followed British the April 7th.
  • May 25th: Civil war enters the white and red Russian armies (end in 1921) and foreign intervention in Russia. The allies rest on the 45  000 soldiers of the Czech legion which resists to the Bolsheviks.
  • May 29th: Decree rendering the military service obligatory from 18 to 40 years.
  • June 28th: Nationalization of 900 large companies in the sectors mining, metallurgical and textile.
  • 16 - July 17th: Nicolas II of Russia, last tsar of Russia and all the imperial family are carried out by the Bolsheviks.
  • October 28th: Creation of Communist youths in Russia.

  • During the civil war, the economy crumbles. The currency loses any value and is replaced by a system of exchange in kind, associated with an attempt at economic state intervention, “the Communism of war”. The Communist party exerts a dictatorial power. 13 million victims is due to the war and the famine

Africa

  • February: Resignation of the general governor of the French Sudan Joost van Vollenhoven, in dissension with Blaise Diagne, which recommends a levy in masse among the African populations. It will be killed the same year on the face.
    • Blaise Diagne, appointed Senegal promoted police chief of the republic for the recruitment of the troops in Black Africa, manages to mobilize 63  000 recruits. In 1918,95 battalions of “Senegalese” riflemen are engaged in Europe, in Africa and the East. 180  000 African soldiers were recruited by the France for the European face between 1914 and 1918. On their return, having learned how to read and acquired knowledge technical and military, they aspire to new employment, which causes the emergence of a new social class among the Blacks.
  • June 5th: foundation of the Afrikaner Broederbond with Johannesburg.

  • Famine in AEF, in particular with the Gabon (fine in 1926).

  • Pandemia of Spanish Influenza in AOF.
  • Strike in South Africa (40  000 minors). Burden with the street sweepers with Johannesburg.
  • Legislation of the statute of Squatter by the Resident Native Ordinance with the Kenya.
  • the missionaries of the Kenya oppose the policy forced quasi-work of the governor Northey (1918 - 1921).
  • Emergence of a black clergy in the Catholic church during the inter-war period (encyclical of Benoit XV Black and white and XI).
  • Creation of the Medical school of Dakar.

Americas

Canada

  • March 28th - April 2nd: Beginning of the riots of Quebec. The army makes fire on the demonstrators: four are killed, one counts several casualties; the police force carries out 58 arrests. The government Robert Borden suspends the Habeas corpus.
  • May 24th: The women obtain the right to vote with the federal one. The Quebec will be the last of all provinces to give to the women the right to vote in 1940. This right will be given to the women of all the other provinces between 1918 and 1922.

The United States

  • Law on the carried out seditious ones.
  • April: Introduction of the National War Labor Board (fine the August 12th 1919). It referee of many conflicts between employers and the trade unions.
  • May 15th: Installation of an air service between New York, Philadelphia and Washington.
  • the socialist leader Eugene Debs is condemned to ten years of prison for “obstruction with recruitment and to enrôlement” in the forces armed following a speech made in June. Condemned again in call in 1919 by the Supreme court, it will be pardoned in 1921.
  • August 18th: The company of the Big lake launches a steel ship of 3500 tons.

  • November 11th: Armistice.

  • the “Keating-Owen Act” of 1916 is declared unconstitutional by the Supreme court.
  • Law Webb-Pomerene. The american companies eager to invest abroad are disengaged from the antitrust continuations.

Latin America

  • Mars: Creation of the Mexican working regional Confederation (CROM).
  • Revolt Argentinian coed in :
    • March 31st: Mass demonstration to Córdoba.
    • April 11th: Foundation of the Argentinian university Federation.
    • June 21st: The university Federation of Córdoba launches a Proclamation which completely calls into question the operation of the university.

  • Argentinian Series of strikes in , as well in rural areas as urban (1918 - 1919).

  • Demonstrations against the cost of food to the Chile (1918 - 1919).
  • State of siege to the Brazil.
  • Brazil: End of the crisis which lasted since 1906, the agricultural richnesses of the country (Café, Blé, rubber and Sucre) are again exported massively.

Oceania & the Pacific

Asia

  • Mars: Chinese troops cross the Mongolian border with the authorization of the Bogdo Gegen, under pretext of protect the Eastern border against the Soviet Russia. White Russian arrival in Mongolia with the beginning of the year. Movement panmongolist, supported by the Japan and directed by the Atamna Semionov.

  • April: Creation of the autonomous Soviet socialist Republic (RSSA) of the Turkestan, attached to the Soviet federative socialist republic (RSFS) of Russia.
  • April 4th: Operation of the Japanese army in Siberia against the Soviet Russia.
  • May 10th: Sun Yat-SEN, under the pressure of the soldiers, resigns of its functions of chief of the government of Canton (10/05).
  • May 15th, Indonesia: First meeting of the Volksraad . Part of the advisers (half, then the third after 1927) is named. The members of the local Councils form the electorate, divided into 1927 in three colleges (Dutch, prone Dutch of foreign origin, Indonésiens). Not very representative, it is purely advisory until in 1925.
  • August 3rd: The Chinese government decides the sending of a task force with Vladivostok with the agreement of the Allies.
  • Armed conflict enters the Tibet and the China. A truce is concluded in September with the assistance from the British. Efforts are made to arrive at an agreement, but they do not give results.
  • October 10th: Xu Shichang, president of the Republic of China.

  • Vague of strikes to the Japan in the great industrial centers, followed by a vast movement of rural agitation.

  • Japan counts 55 million inhabitants.
  • Indonesia: Disappearance of the last plantation of State (coffee). The Commission on industrialization is dissolved before to have even been able to begin its work at the end of the First World War.

The Middle East

  • February 14th: The French government sends an official letter to Sokolow in which he affirms that “the agreement is complete between the French governments and British with regard to the question of an establishment Juif in Palestine”. The May 9th, it is with the turn of the Italian government to send a letter to Sokolow, which speaks about the formation “of a national center Jew” and mentions the respect of the “political rights” of the nonJewish communities. The president Wilson does not give an opinion officially.
  • February: Conference of Trébizonde (fine the May 31st): a delegation transcaucasienne chaired by Géorgien Tchenkeli meets the Turks. She refuses to recognize the Traité of Brest-Litovsk.
  • March 3rd: Peace separated between Lénine and central empires signed with Brest-Litovsk: the Russia will evacuate the provinces of Anatolia Eastern to restore them with the Turkey. Ardahan, Kars and Batoum will be also evacuated by the Russian troops.
  • March 12th: The Othomans take again Erbuzum and perpetrate new massacres of Armenians. After three battles (Karakilissé, Sarbarabed and Bach Abaran), the Armenian forces block the Turkish advance on Erivan.

  • April 22nd: Proclamation of the federative Democratic republic of Transcaucasia, which breaks any bonds with the Russia. It bursts when the Georgia proclaims its independence.

  • May 26th: The Arménie NS, au préalable under the domination tsarist, proclaim their independence, melting the autonomous republic of Arménie, recognized by the Allies in 1920. Ministry with preponderance Dachnak with in the chair Mr. Katchaznouni in Arménie.
    • 450 000 Armenians took refuge in Arménie independent, reduced to 9  000 km ². They are added to the 310  000 inhabitants (230  000 Armenians, 80  000 Moslems). 40  000 refugees are in the only town of Erevan. The Famine, the Cholera and the Typhus make more 180  000 victims in the first six months.
  • May 27th: The Azerbaïdjan proclaims independent republic (end in 1920), but the country is occupied by the Red Army .
  • May 18th: The Germany takes the Georgia under its protection.
  • June 4th: The Ottoman Empire sign with Batoum three peace treaties separated with the republics from Arménie, Georgia and Azerbaïdjan. Only the Armenian general Andranik refuses to recognize the treaty and resists in the mountains of the Karabakh and the Zankézour from where it badgers the Turks until the Armistice with Moudros.

  • July 2nd: Beginning of the Othoman sultanate of Mehmed VI Vahideddin (fine in 1922).

  • July 26th: Republic independent of Georgia (fine in 1921).
  • At the end of August, the British unload with Bakou, but the city is taken by Nuri Pasha the September 16th.
  • August 20th: Mustapha Kemal takes the head of the Turkish army on the face of Palestine.
  • September 19th: Victoire of Allenby to Megiddo. The Palestine passes under British control.
  • September 30th: French and British sign a new interpretative agreement of the Accord Sykes-Barb, which recognizes the existence of a zone of French influence in Syria but establishes the unit of the command combined under the command of Allenby.
  • September: Balkan offensive of Franchet d' Esperey which crushes Bulgare resistance. She threatens Constantinople quickly.

  • October 1st: Helped by the Arabs (Lawrence and Faysal), Allenby enters Damas. A provisional government is made up and Hussein is proclaimed “king of the Arabs”.

  • October 6th: The France occupies the Lebanese littoral and gives an opinion with Beirut then with Tripoli.
  • October 14th: The Othoman top dog load the general Townshend, captured with Kut in 1916, to carry to the admiral Cathorpe, ordering British squadron in Egée, a request for armistice.
  • October 25th: Fall of Alep.
  • October 27th: The negotiations open in the roads of Moudros.
  • October 30th:
    • Signature of the convention of Moudros which demobilizes the Othoman army immediately. Confiscation of the fleet, rendering of the active forces in the Arab areas and evacuation of the Transcaucasia. Circulation in the Straits is free and the area is occupied by the Allies. All the Othoman means of communication are made free of use to the Allies. Article 7 makes it possible to the winners to occupy certain strategic points of their choice.
    • Independence of the Yemen.
  • October, Syria: Faysal installs an Arab government with Damas which intends to have authority on the whole of the area. The tension settles between French and Arabs. Allenby division syro-Palestinian areas in three military zones under its authority; British (Palestine), Arabic (of Damas to Alexandrette) and Frenchwoman (Lebanon).
  • November 1st: The principal leaders of the Ottoman Empire (Jamal Pasha, Talaat Pasha, Enver Pasha) flee in Germany. CUP autodissout and leaves the political responsibilities to the liberal Agreement.
  • November 4th: Mosul is occupied by the British in spite of the Accord Sykes-Barb.
  • November 7th: The Great Britain obtains France which it signs a Joint Declaration affirming that the goal of Alliés in the East is “the establishment of governments and indigenous administrations” that the Arab populations “will have been freely given”.
  • November 13rd: The allied forces occupy Constantinople.
  • November 13rd, Egypt: The nationalists, directed by Saad Zaghlul train a delegation (in Arabic, Wafd) which meets the British High-Commissioner in Egypt, to sir Reginald Wingate, which refuses to hear their claims and affirms that the Great Britain must maintain its sovereignty on the country. From all Egypt, mandates of supports popular are sent to Wafd, conferring a true national audience to him. Wafd tries to join London to discuss with the British government the future status Egypt, but the authorities of the Cairo prevent this departure.
  • November 28th: The Anglo-French troops of Raising, reinforced with three Armenian battalions, unload with Alexandrette, with an aim of creating in Cilicie a Armenian national hearth under the protection of France. Answering the call of the High-Commissioner Georges-Barb, 150  000 Armenians emigrated in Syria and Mésopotamie come to settle in the area.
  • December:
      • French and Armenian
    • occupies Adana, then Marach, Antep (Gaziantep) and Urfa to raise the British.
    • Clemenceau and Lloyd George meets and gets along for new shared responsabilities to the the Middle East. France accepts that the Palestine is not internationalized and passes under the influence of the Great Britain. It also yields to him the area of Mosul, but in exchange obtains a participation in the exploitation of the Pétrole of Mésopotamie. Clemenceau remains firm on the French presence in Syria.
    • the British organize in Mésopotamie a popular consultation whose questions are clearly directed in favor of the constitution of an Arab State under control British and directed by an emir. In the south, under the influence of the notable Shiite monks , the British presence is refused and the populations claim a State Arab extending from Mosul to Al Basra and directed by a Moslem Arab king. The populations sunnites, primarily urban, assert an Arab State which could be included in a regional confederation.

  • the war deeply influenced the Egyptian company. Close to 70  000 Egyptians took part in British military operations in the the Sinai, in Palestine and Mésopotamie. Hundreds of thousands of Egyptians have summers recruited by drudgery to take part in necessary works with the war (earthwork, fortification, railroad, etc). This puncture, which also touched the agricultural livestock, weighed on the farming community. Tens of thousands of families are ruined with left the war. On the other hand, the military orders allowed a beginning of industrialization and an enrichment of part of the middle-class.

Arts & culture

See also: 1918 with the cinema, 1918 in music, 1918 in literature, 1918 with the theater, 1918 as a cartoon, 1918 on television

Beautiful arts

  • January 23rd: Exposure Matisse and Picasso to Paris.
  • August: Chagall takes the direction of the school of painting of Vitebsk.
  • September: Art nouveau , exposure Hobby-horse to Zurich, with Hans Arp, Otto Morach and Hans Richter.

Bullfighting

Sciences & technology

Sports

Births in 1918

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Death in 1918

  • January 9th: Emile Reynaud, inventor of the cartoon (° December 8th 1844)
  • February 6th: Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter (° July 14th geologist]] [[the United States|states-unien]] * [[June 19th]]: [[Francesco Baracca]], [[List of the aces of aviation|ace of aviation]] Italian. (° [[May 9th]] [[1888]], 30 years). * [[July 17th]]: [[Nicolas II of Russia]] and its family. * [[August 24th]]: [[Henriette Moriamé]], resistant Frenchwoman at the time of [[First World War]] * [[September 28th]]: [[Georg Simmel]], philosopher and German sociologist * [[October 2nd]]: [[Emile Moselly]], French regionalistic writer, price [[Goncourt]] [[1907]] * [[October 5th]]: [[Roland Garros]], pioneer of French aviation (° [[October 6th]] [[1988]]) * [[October 7th]]: [[Raymond Duchamp-Villon]], French sculptor * [[October 26th]]: [[César Ritz]], hotel and Swiss contractor * [[October 31st]]: [[Egon Schiele]], Austrian painter (° [[1890]]) * [[November 3rd]]: [[Alexandre Liapounov]], Russian mathematician (° [[June 6th]] [[1857]]) * [[November 9th]]: [[Guillaume Apollinaire]], French poet (° [[August 26th]] [[1880]]) * [[December 2nd]]: [[Edmond Rostand]], writer (° {{April 1st}} [[1868]]) * [[Arthur Cravan]]: writer and boxer of origin [[the United Kingdom|British]] * [[Nicolas Rouszki]], general Russian shot by [[Tcheka]] [[Category: 1918|*]] [[af: 1918]] [[amndt: 1918 እ.ኤ.አ.]] [[year: 1918]] [[rear: 1918]] [[ast: 1918]] [[front: 1918]] [[az: 1918]] [[beats-smg: 1918]] [[Be: 1918]] [[Be-X-old: 1918]] [[bg: 1918]] [[bh:]] [[bn:]] [[bpy: মারি]] [[Br: 1918]] [[bs: 1918]] [[Ca: 1918]] [[Co: 1918]] [[Cs: 1918]] [[csb: 1918]] [[cv: 1918]] [[cy: 1918]] [[da: 1918]] [[of: 1918]] [[el: 1918]] [[in: 1918]] [[eo: 1918]] [[be: 1918]] [[and: 1918]] [[have: 1918]] [[fi: 1918]] [[fo: 1918]] [[frp: 1918]] [[fur: 1918]] [[fy: 1918]] [[ga: 1918]] [[Gd: 1918]] [[gl: 1918]] [[He: 1918]] [[hi: 1918]] [[hr: 1918.]] [[HT: 1918 (almanak gregoryen)]] [[hu: 1918]] [[hy: 1918]] [[ia: 1918]] [[id: 1918]] [[ilo: 1918]] [[io: 1918]] [[is: 1918]] [[it: 1918]] [[ja: 1918 年]] [[jv: 1918]] [[ka: 1918]] [[kk: 1918]] [[kN:]] [[KB: 1918 년]] [[ksh: Joohr 1918]] [[ku: 1918]] [[kw: 1918]] [[it: 1918]] [[lb: 1918]] [[lmo: 1918]] [[lt: 1918]] [[lv: 1918]] [[map-bms: 1918]] [[semi: 1918]] [[mk: 1918]] [[Mr.: इ.स. ]] [[ms: 1918]] [[nah: 1918]] [[nap: 1918]] [[nds: 1918]] [[new: ईसं]] [[nl: 1918]] [[N: 1918]] [[No: 1918]] [[Nov.: 1918]] [[nrm: 1918]] [[oc: 1918]] [[bone: 1918]] [[WFP: 1918]] [[PAP: 1918]] [[pi:]] [[pl: 1918]] [[Pt: 1918]] [[ro: 1918]] [[Ru: 1918 год]] [[SNA: 1918]] [[: 1918]] [[HS: 1918]] [[simple: 1918]] [[sk: 1918]] [[SSL: 1918]] [[so: 1918]] [[sq: 1918]] [[Sr: 1918]] [[known: 1918]] [[sv: 1918]] [[sw: 1918]] [[your: 1918]] [[you: 1918]] [[HT: พ.ศ. 2461]] [[Tl: 1918]] [[tr: 1918]] [[tt: 1918]] [[ty: 1918]] [[the U.K.: 1918]] [[uz: 1918]] [[vec: 1918]] [[VI: 1918]] [[vls: 1918]] [[wa: 1918]] [[zh: 1918 年]] [[zh-yue: 1918 年
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