1906

This page relates to the year 1906 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Europe

May 19th: João Franco becomes Prime Minister Portugal. The divergences between the parties monarchists paralyze the political life: the coalitions are formed and are demolished unceasingly; the parliamentary obstruction is set up in system; verbal violence holds place of argumentation. The king Carlos I {{er}} tries a coup d'etat. He dislocates the chief of the government Hintze Ribeiro and calls João Franco, which controls a few months with the Rooms, then imposes the dictatorship after their dissolution (1907).

January 29th: Beginning of the reign of Frederic VIII of Denmark.
October 3rd: Adoption of S.O.S, like international hazard warning signal, by the radiotelegraphic International convention of Berlin.

Legal settlement between Rome and Brussels.
Spain: Success of Catalan Solidarity , alliance of the two parties catalanists Lliga de Catalunya , moderated, and the federalistic party of union, PUF , republican.

France

Austria-Hungary

February: The Hungarian Parliament is evacuated manu militari then dissolves.
April 8th, Hungary: The opponents accept the provisions of François-Joseph Ier of Austria on the army and form a coalition government directed by Sándor Wekerle, which follows a policy vigorously nationalist and antisocialist, causing the opposition of all the left.

November: Conrad von Hötzendorf becomes chief of the Austrian general staff (fine in 1912). He undertakes to modernize the army.
December: Electoral law in Austria.

Cabinet Beck in Austria.
Increase in the customs tariffs in Austria-Hungary.
Aurel Popovici, a Roumanian of Transylvania, publishes the United States of Large Austria , where it develops federalistic theses: Austria-Hungary is a " old woman maison" that " is needed; to divide into appartements".

Germany

War of the pigs (1906 - 1911).
school Strike concerning close to 50 000 Polish schoolboys in Posnanie and Eastern Prussia (1906-1907).
the Zentrum makes defection with the government Bülow in Germany with the end of the year.
Socialist congress of Mannheim, in Germany: the confrontation Liegen- Bebel ends in the recognition of the autonomy of the trade unions.

The United Kingdom

February 7th: Victoire of the liberals to legislative (400 seats for 157 with the conservatives, 30 with the members of the Labor Party and 83 with the Irish nationalists). End of the unionistic preserving ministry Salisbury - Balfour. installation of a liberal ministry directed by Sir Henry Campbell Bannerman.
February 8th: Foundation of the Ploughing Party (Labor) with the the United Kingdom directed by Ramsay MacDonald and James Keir Bold.
February 10th: Launching of the Dreadnought , largest and powerful battleship of the world to date.

Organization of school medicine (1906 - 1907).
Distribution of free meals to the children in the schools.
Law on the industrial disputes ( Trade Arguments Act ), releasing the trade unions of any responsibility on the damage which have occurred during the strikes.

Italy

January 30th: Alessandro Fortis is presented to the Room after a rehandling, but must resign two days afterwards.
February 8th: The king calls Sidney Sonnino, chief of the right-hand side, which is submitted to the Parliament with a program largely devoted to the South.
February 11th: The the Vatican condemns the law of separation of the Church and the State in France. Pie X condemns all the forms of liberalism in the encyclical Vehementer your .
April, important eruption of the Vesuvius. Vis-a-vis the extent of the rebuilding the Italian authorities require the reallocation of the Olympic Games of summer of 1908 envisaged of Rome.
May 15th: Sonnino, which does not have any parliamentary support, must resign. The king points out Giovanni Giolitti (fine in 1909).
7 - October 9th: IXe socialist congress with Rome.

Creation of the CGL (Confederazione general del Lavoro) to the congress of Milan, marking the victory of the reformists over the anarchist-trade unionists in the trade union movement. It gathers close to a half million workers. Anarchist and republicans gather in the Italian, strong European Public Service Union of 100 000 members.
Economic measures in favor of the the Mezzogiorno: tax reductions, construction of road infrastructures and railway, afforestation, education, industrialization of the area of Naples. The traffic of the port of Naples increases by 60% and 88 new factories are created.

Switzerland

the postal and telecommunications authorities bring into service the postal cars.
the Socialists line up as regards army and thus dissociate anarchists.
With Interlaken, the Russian anarchist Tatiana Leontieva assassinates a curist whom it took for the Russian former minister for the interior.
the strikes of Zurich give place to violent one confrontations. The army intervenes.
Opening of the Tunnel of the Simplon.

Russia

21 - January 25th: Creation of the Left octobrist (8-12/01).
March 4th: Reform Council of State (20/02).
March 17th: Authorization to constitute political associations and professional organizations, with restrictions (4/03).
April 16th: International loan (3/04) intended to restore finances after the war Russo-Japanese woman (2,25 billion francs covered for half by France).
May 5th: Ivan Goremykine, president of the Council.
May 6th: “Fundamental laws”: restriction of the capacities of the Duma, in front of which the ministers are not responsible (23/04).
May 10th: Meeting of the first Duma (27/04). Majority with the opposition (27% of KD, 20% of members of the Labor Party).
May 18th: The Duma requires of the tsar a true constitutional mode (5/05).
June: Agrarian disorders.
13 - June 16th: Pogrom of Bialystok (1-3/06).
July 9th: Dissolution of the first Duma (9/07).
July 21st: Piotr Stolypine, president of the Council.
July 23rd: Call of Vyborg: 182 deputies of opposition recommend the strike of the tax and the military service (10/07).
July 30th - August 3rd: Mutinies without shortly after Sébastopol, Kronstadt and Reval (17-20/07).
August 25th: Assassination attempt against Stolypine (12/08).
September 1st: Military tribunals of countryside: 1000 death sentences in 8 months (19/08).
November: Completion of the pipeline Bakou - Batoum.

day's work is theoretically limited to 10 a.m.
Land reforms of the Stolypine Prime Minister, which create a class of small holders (1906 - 1911).
a revolt of Russian workmen with Moscow is brutally repressed by the army.
Scission of the Polish socialist party in PPS-Left and revolutionary PPS-Faction.

Africa

Revolt of the Zulu Bambata and the to the Native (1906 - 1908).
the Indians are excluded from the grounds of Highlands to the Kenya.
“Association of the Mulattos” of Angola.
Bangui becomes the chief town of the colony of the Oubangui-Chari - Chad. It quickly extends (53 inhabitants in 1889, 2100 in 1911, 7 300 in 1921 and 22 000 in 1934).

Congo léopoldien

Company of the railroad of Low Congo to the Katanga (BCK); Mining Union of High Katanga (UMHK); forest international Company and mine of Congo ( Forminière ).
the first diamond layer is discovered in Kasai.
Legal settlement between Rome and Brussels. It provides that each mission in Congo must have its school. Private education dominates.
Extension of the Mahdi EMS in West Africa.
Great epizooty with the Yatenga and the Niger.
Foundation of the SCOA (Business firm of the African West).

The Maghreb

January 16th - April 7th: The Conference of Algeciras rule rights on the Morocco between the France, the Spain, the the United States and the Germany. It gives satisfaction to France in the Moroccan business. Theodore Roosevelt assistance to slow down the German ambitions in Morocco. The agreements of Algésiras open the Morocco with the France and the Spain.

the independence of the sultan and the integrity of Morocco are guaranteed, the empire of the sherifs remains open to the companies of all the nations. France and Morocco are in charge of the police force of the Moroccan ports. The monitoring of the borders with the Algeria, the framing of the Moroccan police force and the presidency of the Central bank are entrusted to France.

The Middle East & Arab world

Incidental of Denshawai in Egypt. A brawl between British and country soldiers Egyptian in the Delta causes the death of several soldiers. Several peasants are hung or condemned to the prison. The Egyptian public emotion is considerable. In front of the international reactions, London recalls the consul Lord Cromer and replaces it by Eldon Gorst, more liberal, who seeks to restrict the British presence (end in 1911).
Diplomatic crisis between the Door and the Great Britain in connection with the layout of the railroad of the Hedjaz. The Othomans wish to create a junction on the basis of the line Damas - Médine and joining Akaba on the Red Sea. For the British, this project represents a threat on the Egypt and the Suez Canal. Following a British display of naval strength, the Ottoman Empire gives up the project. The sector of Taba, near Akaba, is integrated into Egypt. The diplomatic consequence of the crisis is the bringing together of the Door with the Germany. The staffs of France and Great Britain start to study common action plans.

the riots and the strikes oblige the Shah of Perse to convene an National Assembly, the majlis , which works out a liberal constitution.

Asia

March 16th: The Japan nationalizes its railroads.

Central Asia

the viceroy of the Indies, Lord Curzon, sign with Beijing a Anglo-Chinese bilateral convention according to which the Chinese empire obtains the recognition of its sovereignty to the Tibet. Convention envisages the payment of a strong allowance to the British, who withdraw their troops of Tibet.
the Swedish explorer Sven Hedin turns over to the Tibet between 1906 and 1909.
Mongolia: Begun again revolt against the Qing in the majority of the sumuns of the aïmak khanal djachaktou whereas the Aiouchi leader is in prison with Ourga.

Southeast Asia

December: Creation of the Moslem League panindienne, chaired by the Aga Khan until in 1911.
annual Transfer of the Indian National congress with Calcutta. The extremists manage to make put at the day order the topic swaraj (self-government).
Conspiracy of Chieu against the France in Indo-China.
Annexation by the Netherlanders of the Sultanate of Djambi (Sumatra), followed that of the districts of Kota Besar, Batang Hari and Kouantan. Massacres of Bali.

Oceania & the Pacific

October 20th: Convention free - British of London establishing a condominium on the New Hebrides.

the United Kingdom concedes the south-east of the New Guinea with the Australia like belonging to the New Guinea. The territory is famous Papua.

Americas

The United States

February 19th: Creation with Battle Creek, Michigan, by Will Keith Kellogg of the Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company .
April 18th: The earthquake of San Francisco, estimated at a magnitude 7.8, and sets fire to it while resulting make at least 700 victims with San Francisco with the the United States.

Law Hepburn, which reinforces the Commission on the Trade inter-States entitled from now on to fix itself of the “reasonable” tariffs.
Laws guaranteeing the purity of the medicinal products and food and reinforcing the inspection of the “meat factories”.
Convention on the equal rights in Georgia. It pays homage to the 260 Blacks lynched since 1885. She claims the right to vote and the right to take part in the militia and the jurys of the courts.
the Nobel Prize of peace is allotted to the American Theodore Roosevelt.
Creation of the Pentecôtisme to Los Angeles.
the United States becomes the third world naval power.
Stepping up in the imports (of 1600 to 2532 million dollars) and of exports (from 926 to 1991 million dollars) between 1906 and 1914.

Latin America

International Conference of the American States with Rio de Janeiro. Widening of the prerogatives of the office. The Brésil installs mechanisms of official intervention intended to control the courses of the Café, which will be reactivated in the Années 1920.
Intervention of the the United States to Cuba (1906 - 1909).

Brazil: from 1906 to 1914, the country goes to know a serious economic crisis period due to the fall in the price of the Café, then with that of the rubber, however the country always will remain the first economic power of the Latin America.

São Paulo produced 15 400 000 coffee bags (64% of the worldwide production), the remainder of Brazil 4 900 000 and the other countries 3 700 000. This harvest record causes the slump in prices. The international crisis of 1907 adds to the crisis of the coffee. The government quickly takes measures (limitation of the plantations and exports, constitution of a stock) but the recovery will be affirmed only in 1912.

Chronologies sets of themes

Aeronautical: 1906 in aeronautics.
Railroads: 1906 in the railroads.
Sports: 1906 in sport.
Sciences & technology: 1906 in science
Arts & culture:

See also: 1906 with the cinema, 1906 in music, 1906 in literature, 1906 with the theater, 1906 as a cartoon

Beautiful Arts' :

January: Modigliani with Paris.

March 19th: Exposure of Matisse in Paris.

March 20th: Exposure of Directs to the living room of the independent ones.

September: Juan Gris with Paris.

September 24th: First exposure in Germany of the group Die Brücke.

the Two Barges , fabric of Derain.

Landscape with the red trees , fabric of Vlaminck.

the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright completes the Temple of the Unit to Oak Park in the Illinois, one of the first concrete works.

Mode: Paul Poiret creates the first dress without corset baptized Lola Montès ( October).

Nobel Prize

Births in 1906

January

Francis Walder, Belgian writer of French expression.
January 5th: Pierre Seghers, poet and editor French ((† 1987).
January 11th: Albert Hoffmann, Swiss chemist , inventor of LSD
January 12th: Emmanuel Levinas, philosopher ((† 1995).
January 13rd: Sergueï Pavlovitch Korolev, engineer, father of Soviet astronautics ((† 1966).
January 15th: Aristote Onassis, Greek ship-owner 2nd husband of Jacqueline Kennedy ((† March 15th, 1975).
January 22nd: Robert Ervin Howard, a American writer of Heroic fantasy
January 23rd: To ballast Horton, dancer, choreographer and American pedagog ((† 1953).

February

February 4th

Clyde William Tombaugh, American astronomer ((† 1997).
Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen, mathematician and Rumanian economist , theorist of the Decrease.

February 7th: Pu Yi, last emperor of China ((† 1967).

March

March 8th: Pierre Billotte, soldier and politician French ((† 1992)

April

April 13rd: Samuel Beckett, British writer ((† 1989).
April 25th: Meyer Strong, British anthroplogist ((† 1983).
April 28th: Pierre Boileau, French writer ((† 1989).
April 28th: Kurt Gödel, American mathematician ((† 1978).

May

May 8th: Roberto Rossellini, Italian realizer (death 1977).
May 16th: Arturo Uslar Pietri, writer Venezuelan.

June

June 3rd: Joséphine Baker, American singer French-speaking ((† 1975).
June 12th: Sandro Penna, poet Italy N ((† 1977).
June 22nd: Billy Wilder, scenario writer and realizer ((† 2002).

July

July 15th: Henryk Zygalski, mathematician and cryptologist Polish († August 30th 1978)

August

August 4th: Marie-Jose of Belgium, queen of Italy ((† 2001)
August 5th: John Huston, actor, scenario writer and American realizer ((† 1987).

September

September 15th: Jacques Becker, realizer, actor, French scenario writer ((† 1960).
September 25th: Dmitri Chostakovitch, type-setter of music ((† 1975).

October

October 9th: Léopold Sédar Senghor, poet and first president of Senegal ((† 2001).
October 16th: Dino Buzzati, writer, journalist and Italian painter ((† 1972).
October 14th: Hannah Arendt, German philosopher ((† 1975).

November

November 2nd: Luchino Visconti, Italian realizer ((† 1976).
November 11th: Lalla Romano, writer, journalist and painter Italy. († June 26th 2001).
November 17th: Soichiro Honda, founder of Honda motor ((† 1991).
November 27th: Raymond Gernez, Politician French, mayor of Cambric of 1945 with 1977. († December 13rd 1991).

December

December 3rd: Marc-Armand Lallier, religious French, bishop of Nancy (1949 - 1956), archbishop of Marseilles (1956 - 1966) and archbishop of Besancon (1966 - 1980). († January 11th 1988).
December 5th: Otto Preminger, realistor of Austrian origin ((† 1986).
December 17th: Fernando Lopes Graça, Portuguese type-setter. († November 27th 1994).
December 19th: Léonid Brejnev, Soviet president ((† 1982).

Death in 1906

January 29th: Christian IX, king of the Denmark
March 13rd: Susan B. Anthony, activist American
April 19th: Pierre Curie, physicist
October 9th: Joseph Glidden, farm inventive American of the Barbed (° 1813)
October 22nd: Paul Cézanne, French painter
May 23rd: Henrik Ibsen, Norwegian playwright
December 9th: Ferdinand Brunetière, writer, criticizes literary

Beats-smg: 1906 Be-X-old: 1906 Map-bms: 1906 Simple: 1906 Zh-yue: 1906 年

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