See also: 1905 (homonymy)

This page relates to the year 1905 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Europe

  • January 5th: Demonstration of support with the Russian revolution with Budapest.
  • January 26th: Insurrection of Warsaw.
  • April 18th: Strikes in Poland.
  • April 27th: In Belgium, opening of the World Fair of Liege.
  • June 18th, Hungary: because of the defeat of his party to the elections legislative, the president of the Council István the Tisza resigns. The general Géza Fejérváry succeeds to him before yielding his place to Sándor Wekerle in 1906.
    • Vis-a-vis the growing opposition, István the Tisza has recourse to the elections, but is beaten and the liberal party loses the absolute majority for the first time since 1867, and loses the first place with the profit of the freedom fighters. The imperial staff thinks then of an military intervention and the suspension of the Hungarian Constitution. François-Joseph Ier of Austria refuses but chooses firmness by imposing the government extraparlementaire Géza Fejérváry.
  • July 24th: Meet Björkö between Guillaume II and Nicolas II, which sign a defensive agreement and of mutual assistance between the Germany and the Russia. Lansdirv there assistant an additional article excluding the France, and returning this agreement in fact not exploitable for Germany.
  • September 15th: Constitutional crisis in Hungary caused by the question of the vote for all, which would have caused the loss of the elections for the freedom fighters by the vote of the minorities: a demonstration organized before the Parliament of Budapest is violently repressed.
  • September 17th, Germany: massive strikes and street demonstration (1905 - 1906). SPD rejects the call launched by August Bebel in favor of the insurrectionary general strike.
  • October 28th: The first convention of the National council of the Sinn Féin (“Us Only”) nationalist movement founded by Arthur Griffith in Ireland.
  • November 4th, Austria: The government announces the introduction of the vote for all.
  • November 23rd: The French government having rejected the project of continental alliance of the Germany, the Russia refuses to ratify the treaty of Björkö signed in July.
  • December 4th: Resignation of the conservative government of Arthur Balfour in front of the opposition of the liberals and because of the failure of its conciliating policy as regards customs tariffs. Beginning of the liberal ministry of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Prime Minister for the the United Kingdom (fine in 1908).

  • Creation of the the Council of the French-speaking women of Belgium.

  • the company Krupp Ag employs 55  000 workmen and minors and 5000 engineers.
  • Installation of a British naval base with Scapa Flow, in the the Orkneys.

Italy

  • February 20th: Completion of the Tunnel of the Simplon between the Italy and the Swiss .
  • February: The government submits to the Parliament a bill for the nationalization of the railroads and to prohibit the strike of the railwaymen who retort by proclaiming a work-to-rule strike.
  • March 4th: Noting its impotence, Giovanni Giolitti resigns. Tommaso Tittoni (March 12th - March 28th), then Alessandro Fortis succeeds to him as presidents of the Council.
  • April: The new government obtains Parliament the approval of the law on the nationalization of the railroads.
  • June 19th: The pope Pie X authorizes the catholics to be taken part in the public life without to raise the Non expedit which prohibits to them to take part in the legislative elections.
    • Creation of the catholic Action whose leaders, conservatives, are subjected to the clergy. Luigi Sturzo directs it.
  • September 8th: A Earthquake in Calabria draws the attention of the country to the conditions of the South.
  • December: Criticized hard following a convention with the Spain which disadvantages the agriculture of the South, Fortis resigns. The king entrusts to him the formation of a new government.

France

See also: 1905 in France

Scandinavia

  • June 7th: The Norwegian Parliament notes the rupture of the personal union with the Sweden. The Norway becomes independent of the Sweden. Christian Michelsen east invests as “Prime Minister and a president of the government”.
  • August 8th: At the end of long talks, a war can be avoided and the dissolution of the Union is decided provided the decision of June 7th is ratified by referendum (368  208 yes for 184 not).
  • August 13rd: In Norway, 99% of the population approve the separation of with the Sweden.
  • August 21st - September 29th: Agreements of Karlstad. The Union is indeed dissolved.
  • October 26th: The king of Sweden Oscar II gives up the throne of Norway.
  • November 5th: The tsar restores the autonomy of the Finland.
  • 12 - November 13rd: A referendum chooses maintains monarchy in Norway.
  • November 18th: The Parliament of Norway chooses for king prince Karl of Denmark, which takes for name Haakon VII (fine of reign in 1957).

Russia

  • January 22nd: Bloody Sunday (or Red Sunday) with Saint-Pétersbourg: The peaceful demonstration carried out by the pope Gapone, asserting better work conditions for the Russian workmen will coldly be repressed, on order of the Tsar: the cossacks will make more than one thousand of deaths. Beginning of the Russian Revolution of 1905.

  • January 23rd: With Saint-Pétersbourg, beginning of the general strike of the workmen, confrontations with the police force and the army. The Union of the Russian factory workers is dissolved.
  • January 27th: General strike with Warsaw and Lodz, violently repressed the 29.
  • February: Agrarian disorders.
  • February 2nd: Boulyguine becomes Minister of Interior Department.
  • February 11th: Commission Chidlovski, charged to inquire into the working condition.
  • February 17th: Assassination of the Serge large-duke, uncle of the tsar, by a Socialist-revolutionist.
  • 19 - February 22nd: Confrontation with Bakou between Arménie NS and Tatars.
  • February 20th: The students of Saint-Pétersbourg unite with the insurrectionary movement.
  • March 3rd: The tsar announces reforms and invites the population and the organizations to present to the authorities their proposals in order to improve operation of the State and the situation of the people.
  • 25 - April 30th: Congress Bolshevik with London, conference Menchevik with Geneva. The Bolsheviks decide in favor of the insurrection.
  • April 30th: Religious liberty.
  • May 1st: Strikes in Poland.
  • May 7th: Pogrom S in Bielorussia.
  • 21 - May 22nd: Union of the Unions. The professional Unions federate to form the radical wing of Russian liberalism under the direction of Pavel Milioukov.
  • 21 - May 22nd; 6 - June 8th; 19 - July 21st: Regular congress of the Zemstvo S with Moscow. The liberals and the moderate ones decide in favor of the vote for all and require the convocation of a constituent assembly.
  • May 25th: Burden with the workmen of the textile of Ivanovo-Voznessensk.
  • May 27th: A Russian squadron, arrival with large pains the Baltic by sailing round Africa because it did not obtain the right to cross the Suez Canal, is beaten by the Japan with Tsushima.
  • May 28th: Foundation of the first Soviet with Ivanovo.
  • June 8th: The Zemstvo S unanimously adopt “proclamation of the nation”.
  • 22 - June 25th: Insurrection with Lodz.
  • June 27th - July 7th: In Black Sea, beginning of the Mutiny of the battleship Potemkine. Riots with Odessa, subdued by the army.
  • July 21st: The zemstvos adopt a constitution project.
  • 13 - August 14th: Foundations of the country union panrusse with Moscow and of the Moslem Union panrusse with Nijni-Novgorod ( August).
  • August 18th: The Tsar Nicolas II of Russia accepts the creation of a Douma , (assembled), elected by the restricted and indirect vote (Duma Boulyguine).
  • September 9th: Reopening of the universities which find their autonomy.

to also see: the Far East/War Russo-Japanese woman . Russian Revolution of 1905

Swiss

  • the shoe-makers and the workmen of the building put themselves in strike at Zurich.

  • the Socialists obtain two seats at the time of the elections at the National council.

Africa

  • First Moroccan crisis.
    • March 31st: Visit and speech of Guillaume II with Tangier (Coup of Tangier). He is opposed to the French penetration in Morocco.
    • April 1st: At the instigation of the Germany, the sultan Abd Al-Aziz of Morocco request the convocation of an International Conference on the Morocco.
  • Agreement of the June 7th made to Paris between the ministries for the Interior and the Colonies, to establish the zones of influences of the general government of AOF and the French possessions of North Africa. The limit is fixed by a line on the basis of the Cape Noun in the Moroccan South, moving towards Tin Zaouaten while passing between In Ouzel in north and Timiaouine in the south and falling under the direction of Mourzouk.
  • July 8th: Agreement between the France and the Germany on the convocation of an International Conference on the Morocco.
  • October 31st: The Commission Report of investigation into the State independent of Congo denounces the reserved treatment with the indigenous population by the colonial authorities.
  • December 12th: Adoption by France of the first decree officially prohibiting the draft of the natives in the colonies.

  • Preaching of Kamwana to the Nyassaland. It will be off-set in 1907.

  • Revolt Maji Maji against the Germans with the Tanganyika, in particular against the obligatory cultures (1905 - 1907). Cotton fields are set fire to, then the revolt is spread in all the south of the colony. The various ethnos groups of the area gather behind a religious leader, Kinjilitile Ngawale. The repression, carried out according to the technique of the burned ground, fact of 75  000 with 120  000 dead.
  • Revolt Gusii in British Eastern Africa (1905 - 1908).
  • Reduction of the size of the indigenous reserves to the Kenya (as from 1905) and on behalf of the cultivable grounds by African.
  • VIIe congress Zionist refuses the British offer to install a State Juif in Uganda.
  • Discovered the January 26th of the Cullinan, larger diamond of the world close to Pretoria.

Americas

North America

  • February 23rd: With Chicago, Paul Harris creates the first Rotary Club.

  • March 23rd: Following the resignation of Simon-Napoleon Relative, Lomer Gouin (liberal) becomes Prime Minister with the Quebec.
  • Foundation in June with Chicago of the Industrial Workers off the World (IWW) by two hundred Socialists, radical anarchists and trade unionists (Eugene Debs, Bill Haywood, Mother Mary Jones…). Wobblies (members of the IWW) reject the corporatism of AFL and wish to gather the workers without discrimination of sex, race or qualification. They preach the direct action and the self-defense in the event of aggression.
  • 1 {{er}} September: With the Canada, the Saskatchewan (capital: Regina) and the Alberta (capital: Edmonton) becomes the Canadian eighth and ninth provinces (under the terms of the Act of Saskatchewan and the Act of Alberta).

  • “Movement of the Niagara”: W.E.B. Wood invites the black leaders to meet close to the Chutes the Niagara.

  • Of the black families settles with Harlem.
  • Creation of the National Office off Standard, which opens the era of the mass production.

Latin America

  • Night of the February 3rd: Beginning of a rising armed in Argentinian, led by the radical civic Union of Hipólito Yrigoyen. The government succeeds in damming up it.

  • “red Week” with Santiago of Chile. Repression makes 40 dead.

  • Brazil: Incident of the Panther . The sailors of a German warship, the Panther , unload with Santa Catarina to apprehend a German immigrant, with the contempt of the international rules.
  • American Intervention in Dominican Republic, to undoubtedly avoid a German intervention. The country is then unable to refund its foreign creditors.
  • Treated between the Dominican Republic and the the United States, which take the control of the customs duties of the country until in 1941.

Oceania

Asia

Central Asia

  • Mars: The the United Kingdom recognizes the independence of the Afghanistan.
  • Rebellions in the part of the Eastern Tibet controlled by the Qing. A amban and French missionaries considered to be too close to the Chinese are killed. This revolt involves the bloody repression of the general Mandchou Zhao Erfeng, “the butcher of the Kham”. This one imposes reforms on the Chinese model and creates the province of the Xikang, in Tibet of the East, of which he becomes governor in 1908.
  • Mongolia: Under the influence of the Russian communist revolutionists, the movement Dougouylang is propagated in the khanats Khalkha S.
  • Ouverture of a Russian consulate with Ouliastaï, in Mongolia, intended to facilitate the economic and commercial penetration Russian following the defeat of the Russia against the Japan. The Russian exports, limited by the Manchu commercial restrictions, remain overdrawn compared to the imports (hair of horse, cattle).
  • Discovered oil reservoirs to the Tibet.

Southeast Asia

  • April 4th: A Earthquake of magnitude 7.5 fact 19  000 victims with Kangra in India.
  • August 7th: Lord Curzon operates the partition of the Bengal in India.
  • August 12th: Renewal of the treaty anglo-Japanese on the division of the influence enters the two countries to Asia. The British conclude an alliance with the Japan for joint defense from the India and the Malaysia.

  • Terrorist movement militant in India inspired by the Hindouisme and directed by Ball Gangadhar Tilak, a Brahman of the Maharashtra (1905 - 1909).

  • Movement of mass on the topic of the swaraj (self-government) inspired by Ball against the division of the province of the Bengal. The activists, of which some belong to the Indian National congress, develop new forms of actions: boycott of the English products and the English schools.
  • Creation of the first trade union Indonesia N, the Union of the Railroad workers of the State .

China

  • the empress Cixi, decided to make reforms, calls with the businesses Yuan Shikai.
  • September: Abolition of the system of the mandarinaux examinations. The training of the civils servant will be done within technical training schools and of the Université of Beijing.

War Russo-Japanese woman

  • January 2nd: Russian capitulation with Port-Arthur. The Japanese government launches more 200  000 men with the attack of the Mandchourie (Liaoning), directed by the general Nogi Kiten.
  • February 21st - March 10th: Russian defeat of Moukden. The Japanese are Masters of all Mandchourie power station and Southerner. The tsar orders the lifting of additional troops.
  • 27 - May 28th: The Russian fleet of the Baltic , charged to transport the reinforcements to the Liaoning, is destroyed by the Japanese of the admiral Togo with the Bataille of Tsushima. Japanese is Masters of all the Mandchourie central and southernmost.
  • July 30th: The Japanese seize Sakhaline.
  • September 5th: Traité of Portsmouth under American arbitration enters Japan and Russia (the last international agreement in French to be taken vis-a-vis the translations), end of the war Russo-Japanese woman. The Japanese obtain a lease on the Guandong (southern of the peninsula of the Liaodong), a colony in the south of Sakhaline (Karafuto, end in 1945) and a protectorate on the Korea (November 17th). The two states begin to evacuate their troops stationed in Chinese territory.
  • November 17th: Treated protection, imposed on the Korea after the war Russo-Japanese woman, by which the Japan takes the control of the Korean Foreign affairs, then police force and army, currency and banking system, communications and of all the vital sectors. These changes are fought by the king Kojong and a guerilla sets up himself.

The Middle East

  • 6 - February 9th: The viceroy of Transcaucasia, the prince Galitzine, arms the Tartar with Azerbaïdjan and launches them against the Arménie NS, with Bakou initially, then in all the Transcaucasia. The Armenians resist, and the engagements cease in August, when the two communities uncovered the duplicity of the Russians who drew up them the ones against the others. Galitzine is pointed out.

  • constitutional Revolution in Persian (1905 - 1911).

  • Arrived of Jewish Ashkénazes Russian in Holy Land.

Chronologies sets of themes

See also: 1905 with the cinema, 1905 in music, 1905 in literature, 1905 with the theater, 1905 as a cartoon

Art schools

Nobel Prize

Births in 1905

Death in 1905

Beats-smg: 1905 Be-X-old: 1905 Map-bms: 1905 Simple: 1905 Zh-yue: 1905 年

Random links:Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières | List place names in German in Belgium | National company of the editors, type-setters and authors | Castle of Faye | County of Yangxi