1854 in science

Events

  • the Astronome French Urbain the Glassmaker is named with the direction of the Observatoire of Paris.
  • the physicist Hermann Ludwig von Helmholtz applies its theories to energy to the Sun: the physical phenomena are only changes in form of energy.
  • the French chemist Henri Holy-Claire Deville conceives an industrial manufactoring process of aluminum.
  • the French scientist Marcellin Berthelot makes the synthesis of the alcohol.
  • a grocer Parisian invents the lump sugar.
  • For the first time, the Quinine is employed successfully in the treatment of the Malaria.

Publications

  • Mathematical:
    • the German Mathématicien Bernhard Riemann exposes a nonEuclidean theory geometrical in its Papier “ Uber die Hypothesen, welche der Geometrie zu Grunde liegen ” which will be published only in 1868.
    • Augustin Louis Cauchy develops the concept of vector Space in an article: On the algebraic keys
    • Arthur Cayley gives the first definition of group abstract in article entitled: On the theory of the groups like dependence of the equation symbolic system θn = 1.

Births

Death

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