1816

This page relates to the year 1816 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

July 2nd: Stranding of the frigate the Jellyfish , on the reefs of the island of Arguin, close to the the Sahara.
August 27th: Bombardment of the roads of Algiers by a fleet anglo-Dutchwoman (Lord Exmouth and Van Cappelen), which does not manage to unload: the dey refuses to discharge debts contracted towards the Great Britain and sudden of the pressure of the the United States which force the regent to pay a tribute.
October 4th: Died of the Exploring British James Kingston Tuckey during a forwarding along the river Congo until the Falls of Yelala and thus inaugurates the period of “scientific explorations” of the 19th century in central Africa and southern.

Southern Africa: With died Senzangakona, his/her son Tchaka seizes the capacity with the assistance of Dingiswayo to the detriment of his half-brother. He becomes chief of the Zoulous and organizes his people in a frightening army.

the chief of the Moslems of the Macina Amadou Hammadi Boudou declares the Djihad . Its influence becomes so large that the chief peul animist of Macina asks of the assistance to Da Coulibali, king of Ségou, which sends an army against the Moslems (1818).

the king Ashanti Osei Bonsu attacks the strong British of Anomabu to secure an outlet on the Golfe of Guinea.

Foundation of Bathurst (Banjul) in Gambia by the British, which makes practically impossible the draft négrière.
Forwarding of Peddie and Campbell to the Fouta-Djalon and in Sierra Leone.

the Low-Canada (current Quebec) knows its coldest summer of the contemporary time. The June 3rd, it snows with Quebec and Montreal. July is characterized by many gel. Like result, harvests are catastrophic. It is the consequence of the explosion of the Tambora volcano in Indonesia of April 1815.

March 24th: Ouvertutre of the congress of Tucumán.
June 19th: Battle of Seven Oak between the Company of Hudson Bay and the Company of the North-West close to Winnipeg.
July 9th: The congress of Tucumán proclaims the independence of the Argentine and the United Provinces of South America. It seals the victory of the revolutionary junta and her figurehead, Jose de San Martín. The Argentine receives its formal independence on behalf of the Spain.
November 19th: Battle of India Muerta. The Uruguay, revolts some against the Spain, is annexed by the Brésil (fine in 1828).
December 11th: The Indiana becomes the nineteenth state of the American Union.

February 28th: The Nepal is overcome by the British with Makwanpur.
March 4th: Ratification of the Treated of Segauli. The Nepal becomes a protectorate of the British Indies and must yield important territories to them. The treaty recognizes the autonomy of the country and envisages the installation of an English resident with Katmandou.

the British reassign Java with the Netherlands. The Dutchmen install a direct administration on the whole of their possessions.
Revolt of Thomas Matulessy with the Moluques (fine in 1818).
Tsultrim Gyatso becomes the tenth Dalai Lama (fine in 1837).

February 9th: With Saint-Pétersbourg, foundation of the company secretes the Union of the hello, recruiting among the liberal officers (Mouravev, Troubetzkoy, Pestel) and claiming a constitution.
March 16th: Treaty of Turin, 32 communes, for some Savoyard and others French, are built-in the Canton of Geneva having joined the Swiss Confédération one year before.
March 20th: The prince-regent, refugee with the Brazil, becomes the new king of the Portugal, under the name of Jean VI of Portugal ( João VI ).
April 14th: Treaty of Munich. The duchy of Salzburg passes from the Bavaria to the Austria.
August 3rd: Creation of the Kingdom of It by Austrian monarchy. The baron Latterman is named civil and military governor Kingdom of It.
September 28th: Conclusion of the the Holy Alliance between the Russia, the Austria and the Prussia, which makes Christianisme the principle founder of any government.
December 2nd: A gathering of radicals organized with Spa Field (London), turns to the riot. Beginning of social movements with the the United Kingdom (1816 - 1820).
December 12th: Union from Sicily in Naples, abolition of its constitution and removal of its army. Ferdinand IV of Bourbon becomes king of Deux-Siciles.

Multiplication of the military colonies in Russia (1816-1821), organized by Araktcheïev and on the initiative of Alexandre Ier of Russia. One wants to install each soldier with his family and to impose to him at the same time the obligation of the military service and that of the agricultural work. The organization of these colony is accompanied by great cruelties.
prince Alexandre Nikolaevitch Golitsyne, Minister for the state education in Russia (1816 - 1824).
Kapodistrias, Foreign Minister in Russia jointly with Charles Robert de Nesselrode (1816 - 1822)

Authorization to teach the Czech in the colleges of Bohemia (1816 - 1821).
the British Museum buys the Frise of the Parthenon carried Greece by Lord Elgin.
the king of Burma Bagyidaw raises in Mingun, close to Mandalay, the pagoda of Shinbyume.

April 9th: Charles-Eugene Delaunay, astronomer and mathematician French.
June 16th: Frankenstein, in the spirit of Mary Shelley to the villa Diodati, Cologny close to Geneva on the edges of the lake Léman.
June 29th: Jacob van Zuylen van Nijevelt, politician Dutch
July 7th: Johann Rudolf Wolf, Swiss Astronomer
August 8th: Filippo Parlatore, Italian botanist († 1877)
September 6th: Henri Jules Battles, military Major general French, of infantry. († January 10th 1882).
October 4th: Eugene Pottier, poet and revolutionary
November 24th: William Crawford Williamson, British Naturalist

January 2nd: Guyton de Morveau French chemist (° 1737).
June 5th: Giovanni Paisiello, Neapolitan type-setter (1740-1816).
June 27th: Domenico Agostino Vandelli, 80 years, Italian Naturalist . (° July 8th 1735).
August 26th: Charles Hubert Millevoye, French poet (° 1782).
December 10th: Louis Marie Turreau, conventional and general French (° 1756).

Be-X-old: 1816 Map-bms: 1816 Simple: 1816 Zh-yue: 1816 年

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