This page relates to the year 1809 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Africa

  • August - September: British attempts at unloadings on the Bonaparte island, currently the island of the Meeting.

  • In South Africa, Tchaka is built-in the army of Dingiswayo, chief of the Abatethwa (1808 - 1818). It is pointed out by its bravery and its expertise in the art of warfare and one entrusts the command of a regiment to him.
  • Colony of the Cape: Relative laws with the statute and the rights of the workers “of color” and comprising certain discriminatory provisions.

  • Mohamed Bello, wire of Usman daN Fodio, founds Sokoto of which he wants to make the ideal Islamic city.

  • the British, having set up naval patrols in order to fight against the traffic of the slaves, intercept convoys of slaves in departure for the America. The 6000 slaves are brought back in the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they unite with the freed slaves compels with the culture of the Coton, and of the Café by a British commercial company.

  • Schehaymah, a merchant Mejabra of the oasis of Djalo, in Cyrénaïque, discovers by chance an access road to the Ouadaï by the the Sahara. After promising beginnings, the exchanges are stopped between 1820 and 1835 because of the insecurity and political instability in Ouadaï.

Americas

  • January 14th: A fleet britanno-Portuguese seizes the French Guiana. The Brazilian army occupies Cayenne (fine in 1817).

  • May 5th: The Room of the Low-Canada vote the expulsion of Ezekiel Binder.
  • May 15th: The governor Craig dissolves the Room.
  • February 3rd: Creation of the territory of the Illinois.
  • March 4th: Beginning of the democrat-republican presidency of James Madison with the the United States (fine in 1817). It gives up the Embargo Act which asphyxiated the US economy and which one could fear that it does not push the New England with the secession.
  • April 27th: Capitulation of Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse. The British occupy the Martinique (fine in 1816).
  • July 9th: the oriental party of Haiti capitulates with Saint-Domingue and becomes again Spanish colony. The French are driven out island of Haiti by the Dominican ones.
  • July 16th: Rising of La Paz against the Spanish crown carried out by Pedro Domingo Murillo.
  • August 10th: Proclamation of independence of the Ecuador.
  • September 30th: Second treaty of Strong Wayne. The Indian nations Delaware S, Shawnee S, Putawatimi S, Miamis, Eel To rivet, Weea S, Kickapoo S, Piankashaw S, and Kaska S yield 11  700 km ² of grounds of the valley of the Wasbah to the the United States.
    • In the territories of the West of the United States, the Shawnee S, carried out by their chief Tecumseh, tries to form a confederation of the Indian tribes to fight against the expansion of the white colonists. They estimate at fifteen million hectares the extent of the suitable grounds. The Americans must face the increasingly organized claims of native-born people.
  • October 27th: James Madison issues the annexation of the western part of the State of Florida, where the colonists rebel against the authority of Spain.

Asia

  • April 25th, India: Treaty of perpetual friendship of Amritsar between the chief of the Sikhs Ranjit Singh and the British. The border is fixed along the river Sutlej.
  • May 12th: Britannico-Persan treaty, prepared by Malcom, which constrained the French to leave the Persian and guarantees the integrity of this one vis-a-vis the Russia.
  • September 7th: Beginning of the reign of Rowed II (Leut Nophailai), king of the Siam. It continues the expansionist policy of his father, founder of the Chakri dynasty, for gradually dominating part of the Kampuchea, the Laos and the Malaysia. End of the policy of insulation (fine in 1824).

Europe

  • February 23rd: Battle of Sand-in Olonne
  • March 13rd:
    • the king of Sweden Gustave IV Adolphe is constrained to abdicate by a military revolt. The nobility founds a Charter which establishes a constitutional monarchy according to the principle of the separation of the capacities. The king exiles himself in Suisse and his/her uncle Charles XIII succeeds to him.
    • Beginning of the reign of the king Charles XIII of Sweden (fine in 1818).
  • March 29th: The Finland is set up in Grand Duchy whose tsar will be the large-duke (mode of the personal union). It creates its own armed forces. The official language remains Swedish and the country benefits from a great autonomy.
  • Mars: Resumption of the war enters Russia and Turkey. Bragation is named general-in-chief in Turkey.

  • Austria: After the defeat, Stadion and the archduke Charles are returned to the profit of Metternich (chancellor, 1809 - 1817) and of Schwarzenberg (ambassador from Austria to Paris). Metternich plays the Alliance Fran1caise of 1809 with 1813.
  • Destruction of the fortifications of Graz at the request of Napoleon.
  • Napoleon exhorts the Hungarians to recover their independence starting from his general headquarter of Schönbrunn. After the Treated of Schönbrunn, the insurrection peerage-book Hungarian woman is dispersed with Györ by the troops of Napoleon, but the Emperor does not exploit his victory to occupy the country.
  • Last lifting of troops according to the system of the insurrection peerage-book in Hungary. The Hungarian armies committed in the Napoleonean wars reach to 35 regiments, that is to say more 115  000 men.
  • the creation of the Provinces it makes it possible Napoleon to close the access of the Austria to the sea, to control the Adriatique and to reinforce the continental Blocus.
  • Conscription in the Provinces it: 18  000 men for 1,5 million inhabitants.
  • Speranski presents to the tsar Alexandre Ier of Russia his “Plan of reform of the State”, recommending the progressive establishment of a constitutional monarchy.
  • Balachov becomes military governor of Saint-Pétersbourg (1809-1810).

Iberian peninsula

See also: War of Spanish independence

France

See also: 1809 in France

Arts & cultures

See also: 1809 in music, 1809 in literature, 1809 with the theater

  • August 6th, Russia: Ukase making compulsory the higher learning or an examination to reach the higher levels of the civil hierarchy.
  • If the French becomes official language of the Provinces it, the Slovenien becomes obligatory in primary school education.

  • the Spanish painter Francisco Goya denounces the cruelty of the war in its May 3rd, 1808 ( Dos of Mayo ).
  • Chateaubriant , fabric of Girodet-Trioson.

Sciences & discovered

See also: 1809 in science

Economy & company

  • the Europe exports for 18 million pounds sterling of manufactured goods.
  • In spite of the continental Blockade, 47% of British exports moves towards Europe, thanks to smuggling by the Prussia Orientale, the Sweden, the Russia, the Holland, Malta, the Spanish colonies and the Brésil. The traffic begins again with the the United States.
  • Russia: Abolition of faculty for the owners to off-set the serfs in Siberia (restored in 1822).
  • the Grand Duchy of Warsaw account 4,3 million inhabitants including Pole 79%.
  • the army of the Grand Duchy passes from 30  000 in 1803 with 60  000 men. In six years, 180  000 Polish is useful in the imperial troops.
  • December: Abolition of the Serfdom in the duchy of Warsaw by a royal decree. The peasants obtain the right to leave their grounds, but the lord keeps the property of it. Little of them leaves, except those which engage in the army.
  • Disaster natural (flood of the Zealand and the Betuwe), economic and social (poverty) with the Netherlands.
  • Suppression partial of the last feudal constraints in the Provinces it. Abolition of the corporative privileges.

Births in 1809

Death in 1809

Beats-smg: 1809 Be-X-old: 1809 Map-bms: 1809 Simple: 1809 Zh-yue: 1809 年

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