1804

This page relates to the year 1804 Gregorian Calendrier.

Event

Africa

  • November 20th: Beginning of the reign of Seyyd Saïd ibn Sultan. The prosperity of Zanzibar grows under its reign. The Oman I will make of Zanzibar more the significant market with the slaves of the 19th century, benefitting from the decline of Kiloa, the hostility of Mombassa with regard to the sultan of Mascate and from the creation of a new shopping street going from Bagamoyo to Tabora, 200 km in the south of the Lake Victoria.

  • Madagascar: The general Decaen, captain general of the French establishments in the India establishes the capital of the French colony of Madagascar to Tamatave, which controls the east coast. The five large kingdoms composing the remainder of the island are consolidated while annexing weakest and by developing the exchanges with outside.

  • Morocco: the armies of the sherifs gain a victory over the Berber tribe Has Idrasen. The sultan perceives taxes of the areas Taza and Oujda, then made restore the order in the oases.

Empire Peul de Sokoto (1804 - 1859)

  • February 21st: The Moslem Peul Usman daN Fodio, threatened by Younfa, king of the Gober, flees in Goudou. Its escape, compared with that of Mahomet, increases its prestige.
  • June 21st: Usman preaches the holy war ( Djihad ) against the Haoussas and gains the victory over the army of Younfa with Tabkin Kwato. He is proclaimed Commandeur of the Believers and reign on the Gober (fine in 1817). Its twelve more faithful disciples receive blessed standards with which they will leave to the conquest the close territories.

    • Bubakar Ludduji, a Peul which before was regarded as marabout of the Zarma in the Dallol Bosso, opens these hostilities to Zarma after the advent of Usman daN Fodio in the country Haoussa.

    • the victory attracts many adventurers of the Fouta-Toro, Macina and Songhaï. With them, Usman seizes Kano which becomes its capital. This new success attracts near him the Moslems of the Nigeria and the septentrional Cameroun, like of Peuls métissés established for a long time in the area.
    • With the head of a powerful army, Usman annexes all the kingdoms Haoussas (Katsina, Zaria, Noupé, Kebbi, Liptako) and the north of the Cameroun of 1804 with 1808. It designates emirs to manage the conquered territories, generally the overcome sovereigns, confirmed in their function.

  • the provinces of this Empire Peul of the east are directed by an emir equipped with a great autonomy. The tax (Zekat) was perceived according to the Koranic law.

Americas

  • January 1st: Jean-Jacques Dessalines, former lieutenant of All Saints' day Louverture declares the independence of Haiti and founds the first black Republic of the history in the French part of Saint-Domingue, which takes the name that formerly gave the Indians to the island. Thousands of French colonists and Créole S take refuge in the United States, in particular with Philadelphia.
  • May 14th: Departure of the Forwarding Lewis and Clark. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark opens the terrestrial way until the Pacifique through the Rocky Mountains (fine in 1806).
    • the commander Lewis discovers the tribe of the Mandans, whose members have a complexion of white to the fair hair and the blue eyes. They seem penetrated of the tradition of the flood. Mandans, drawn by the Catlin painter in 1832, will be decimated by the epidemic of small pox starting from 1833, carrying with them them mystery.
  • October: Battle of Sitka, in Alaska: The Russians are constrained to rather take again and rebuild the strengthened station of Sitka (Novy Arkhangelsk) destroyed 2 years by the Tinglits. Novo-Arkhangelsk becomes the center of the Russian power in Alaska.
  • December 5th: Thomas Jefferson obtains a second mandate of president of the the United States.

  • the Company of the North-West, under the authority of William McGillivray, directs the commercial exploitation of the Canadian West thanks to its organization.
  • the Act of Consolidation confiscates the ecclesiastical funds in Nouvelle Spain (Mexico).

Asia

  • China: Defeats of the rebels of the Sect of the white lotus.
  • Beginning of the Era Bunka with the Japan (fine in 1818).
  • the Russian Nikolai Rezanov, director of the Russo-American Company, pretexts unloading of Japanese shipwrecked men in the port of Nagasaki to ask for the opening of commercial relations. Refusal of the authorities shogunales.

Oceania & the Pacific

  • March 4th: Rebellion of the Irish prisoners of the penal settlement of Castle Hill, in Australia.

The Middle East & Arab World

  • November 30th: Beginning of the reign of Seyyd Saïd ibn Sultan, sultan of Mascate and Oman (fine in 1856). It goes up on the throne of Mascate after having made assassinate his brother.

  • the Wahhabites seize Médine managed by the Othoman .
  • the Caucasus: domination of the Imérétie, the Gourie and the khanat of Gandja.
  • Russo-Persan War (fine in 1813). Tension enters the Perse and the Russia about the provinces of the the Caucasus and the Georgia, annexed by the Russians in 1801. Teheran seeks one supports, but accommodates with reserve the offers of the France. Fath' Ali Chah requests the assistance of the British and sends a delegation to the United Kingdom.

Europe

  • February 4th: Massacre the notable ones in Serbia. The janissaries make stop and kill 70 notable Serb.

  • February 14th: Beginning of a revolt of the peasants of Serbia against the Othoman capacity carried out by Georges Karageorges, encouraged by Russia (end in 1813).
  • April 14th: Hardenberg becomes Foreign Minister of Prussia (fine in 1806).
    • Karl Stein (1757-1831) is named Minister Commercial, Industry and Customs.
  • May 10th: Beginning of the second ministry tory of William Pitt the Young person, Prime Minister for the the United Kingdom (fine in 1806). The Parliament, estimating Addington unable to face French hegemony, points out William Pitt who rectifies the diplomatic and military situation.
  • August 11th: Beginning of the reign of François Ier of Austria. It unifies all the territories of monarchy habsbourgeoise.
  • November 6th: Alliance Austro-Russian against France.
  • December 12th: War enters the Spain and the the United Kingdom.
  • December 14th: The Spanish minister Godoy must renew his alliance with France of Napoleon i. This alliance is founded on the fear of the government to be able to defend its colonies against the the United Kingdom and on the hope of the king to be made grant for his/her children the Italian thrones and him the throne of the Portugal.

France

See also: 1804 in France

Russia

  • July: Law moderated on the censure.
  • November 5th: Statute of the universities (autonomy). Teaching institute of Saint-Pétersbourg, measurements preparing the creation of the university of Kharkov (1805) and of Kazan (1814).
  • December 9th: Law on the Jewish ; freedom of conscience, but maintenance of the zone of residence in the Western provinces. The elementary schools, secondary and higher are authorized to admit the Jews. The Jewish schools are authorized but teaching must be done in Russian, Polish or German. The Jews cannot sell alcoholic drinks any more to the peasants. Without resources, thousands of families are authorized to be established as peasants, to become factory workers or craftsmen.

  • Adam Czartorysky is named Foreign Minister (fine in 1806).
  • Stephan Stépanovitch Apraksine, is named governor of Smolensk (fine in 1812).
  • Balachov, is named chief of the police force of Moscow (fine in 1807).
  • Measurement in favor of the serfs of Livonie, fixing their obligations and guaranteeing to the peasants the hereditary pleasure of their tenure.
  • Digging of the Oginski channel, between the Niémen and the Dniepr.

Arts & cultures

See also: 1804 in music, 1804 in literature, 1804 with the theater

  • Culture of Kaseï to the Japan (1804 - 1830). It is a popular culture (prints colors, romantic literature and theater Kabuki), stressing the burlesque one.

Sciences and technology

See also: 1804 in science

Economy & Company

  • slow Growth of the industrial sector in France during the Empire, thanks to textile industries (cotton, impression of the fabrics) and chemical.
  • Russia: Memory of Djounkovski showing the superiority of wage-earning on the forced labor. Test on the education from the point of view of Russia of Pnine (plane of teaching associated with reforms moderate).
  • 10,5 million inhabitants in Hungary.

Births in 1804

Death in 1804

See too

Beats-smg: 1804 Be-X-old: 1804 Map-bms: 1804 Simple: 1804 Zh-yue: 1804 年

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