1782

This page relates to the year 1782 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Africa

May 26th: Hammouda Bey succeeds his father Ali II Bey like Bey de Tunis (fine in 1814). It is shown less tolerant with regard to Europeans, in particular of the Venetian ones. It breaks its bonds of vassalage with the regency of Algiers, which then tries without success to restore its authority on the regency of Tunis (1807 and 1813). The Tunisia knows one brilliant period under its reign.
the French trade preserves a dominating place in Tunisia, in particular thanks to the dynamism of the provençaux navigators.

Asia

April 6th: To died from Phya Taksin, the crown of the Siam (Thailand) is allocated to the general Phya Chakri who takes the name of Rama {{Ier}}, founder of the current dynasty of the Thai kings (Dynastie Chakkri). It reigns until in 1809 with like capital Bangkok.
July: Beginning of the war for the control of Hawaii by Kamehameha I (fine in 1792).
August 23rd: A Earthquake destroyed Odawara, with the Japan, accompanied by a tidal wave which would have caused 40 000 victims in Southeast Asia.

Tibet : Palden Tenpai Nyima becomes the seventh Panchen-lama (fine in 1853/1854).

India

victorious naval Countryside of the Baillif de Suffren in the Indian Ocean.

March 9th: The French admiral Suffren unloads in India and tries to take Madras. The British general Warren Hastings receives reinforcements which enable him to save Madras accuracy.
April 3rd: First battle for Gondelour
May 17th: Treaty of peace of Salbai between British and Marathes. The sultan of Mysore Haidar Alî loses his Marathes allies.
July 6th: battles naval undecided of Négapatam between France and the United Kingdom.
August 25th - September 3rd: victory of Suffren to the Battle of Trinquemalay to broad of Ceylon.
In December, Tipû Sâhib succeeds his/her father Haidar Alî like Sultan of Mysore (the current Karnataka). Combined in France, it takes again the war against the British.

America

25 - January 26th: Battle of Saint-Kitts.
March 8th: Massacre of Gnadenhütten in the Ohio. Neutral Amerindians of the tribes of the Lenapes, including 28 men, 29 women and 38 children are killed and scalpés by American militiamans.
9 - April 12th: naval Battle of Holy the. Victoire of Rodney to broad of the Holy , which saves the the British Antilles. Five French vessels, whose flagship, must go.
May 25th - June 12th: Forwarding Crawford.

November 30th: Signature of preliminaries of peace in Paris. The Americans fear the return in strength of the British, who preserve 30 000 men in the area of New York, and which could exploit the French demolished of Holy the. They in addition suspect Vergennes of wanting to make pass the valley of the Ohio to the Spain. Owner at bottom the success of the Battle of Yorktown, Franklin and John Adams treats separately with the British as of the November 30th.

Europe

February 5th: the Franco-Spanish troops take again Minorque.
March 20th, the United Kingdom: Resignation of Lord North, put in minority at the Communes, and of all his/her colleagues. From March 1782 to December 1783, the king cannot impose the ministers of his choice.
March 27th: Charles Watson-Wentworth becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
April 9th: Conflict with Geneva between the “natives” and the “middle-class men” (cf 1762). The “natives”, who organized themselves under chiefs like Marat, Etienne Clavière and Flournoy, seize the capacity, intend themselves with the “middle-class men” to reorganize it by eliminating the “patricians”.
June 6th: The king of France, anxious of “this popular sovereignty which takes as a starting point Jean-Jacques Rousseau” (Vergennes), is combined with the Piedmont-Sardinia to intervene with Geneva. Zurich and Bern sends quotas.
June 18th: Anna Göldin is the last woman carried out for Sorcellerie in Suisse.
July 1st: Died and end of the ministry whig of Charles Watson-Wentworth, marquis of Rockingham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
July 2nd: Capitulation of Geneva, besieged by three united armies - French, Sardinian and Bernese - which wants to put an end to the “ Révolution of Geneva ”, inspired by the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, whose example could be contagious. The “patriarchate” recovers its rights and the patriots emigrate.
July 4th: Beginning of the ministry whig of William Petty, count de Shelburne, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (fine in 1783).
October: Treaty of friendship and trade enters the Russia and the Denmark.

In France, Of the Bridge of Nemours is named to advise of State by Vergennes.

States of Habsbourg

January 15th: Abolition of the personal constraint in Austria.
March 22nd: Arrived of the pope Black and white VI at Vienna, which tries to be opposed to the centralizing ecclesiastical policy Joseph II (Joséphisme). It is received coldly by Joseph II and Kaunitz. A legal settlement is signed the January 20th 1784, drawing up new relationship between Rome and the Habsbourg. The pope obtains the maintenance of the Bulle Unigenitus , which had condemned the Jansénisme.
July 10th: Suppression of the Jurandes in the states habsbourgeois, which authorizes the creation of industrial plants and commercial, and by the freedom of work, makes it possible to the contractors to more easily recruit.

Joseph II creates an ecclesiastical commission charged to manage the goods of the secularized monasteries.
Reorganization of the dioceses under the impulse of the archbishop Jansenist of Ljubljana K.J. Herberstein. The dioceses correspond from now on to the administrative units.
Organization of directions of police force in Länder by the Count von Pergen, true creator of the Austrian police force.
Abolition of the personal constraint in Slovenia.

Religion

the Juifs are accepted with the library of Vienna.

Art & culture

July 28th: Removal with the seraglio , first German opera in of Mozart, is presented to Vienna.

In Russia, the Suisse Frederic-César of the Toothing-stone becomes tutor of the large-duke Alexandre.

Science & technology

Supplementum Plantarum , of Linné.
Lavoisier discovers the composition of the Eau.
Work on the liquefaction of the Ammonia of Guyton de Morveau.
Discovered Tellurium by Franz Joseph Müller Freiherr von Reichenstein.
the British engineer James Watt invents the rotary Steam engine, for double purpose, which allows the use of the vapor in industry.

Economy & company

January 7th: opening of the first commercial bank to the the United States, the Bank off North America .
June 2nd: The French financier François de Cabarrus (1752-1810) creates the first national bank in Spain, the Banque San Carlos .

the export of Hungarian corn towards Vienna and the Germany is multiplied by five since 1748, reaching 100 000 tons.
Creation of the metallurgical workshops of the Creusot.

Russia

protectionist Tariff.
the number of manufacture is multiplied by 4 (more than 3000).
the Russia becomes the first copper and cast iron, iron producer.
Increase in the agricultural production. The Russia exports corn for the first time.

Births in 1782

April 18th: Georg August Goldfuss, paleontologist and German zoologist († 1848).
June 19th: Happiness Robert de Lamennais, French writer.
July 3rd: Pierre Berthier, mineralogist and geologist French.
September 23rd: Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied Naturalist, ethnologist and German explorer († 1867).
October 27th: Niccolò Paganini, Violonist and Italian Type-setter († 1840).
December 5th: Martin Van Buren, future President of the United States († 1862).
December 24th: Charles Hubert Millevoye, French poet († 1816).
Jules-Antoine Paulin, military French († 1876).

Death in 1782

January 1st: Johann Christian Bach, German type-setter (° 1735).
January 4th: Jacques Angel Gabriel, French architect (° 1698).
February 14th: Phaungkaza Maung Maung, king of Burma, after one week of reign.
February 26th: Jose Cadalso there Vásquez, Spanish writer (Cadiz, 1741 - Gibraltar, 1782).
April 12th: Pietro Trapassi, known as Pietro Metastasio, in French Pierre Metastasis, poet and Italian playwright, with Vienna (° 1698).
June 18th:

John Pringle, British Doctor
Anna Göldin, last woman carried out for Swiss Sorcery in .

1 {{er}} July: Charles Watson-Wentworth, Prime Minister of Great Britain.
August 22nd: Henri Louis Duhamel of the Heap, politician and scientist French (° 1700)
August 7th: Andreas Sigismund Marggraf, German chemist (° 1709)
November 21st: Jacques de Vaucanson, inventor and mechanic French (° 1709).

Be-X-old: 1782 Map-bms: 1782 Simple: 1782 Zh-yue: 1782 年

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