1760

This page relates to the year 1760 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Americas

March 20th: Set fire to Boston.
the April 28th, with the Battle of Holy-Foy (Quebec), the Franco-Canadian army, under the command of the Knight François Gaston de Lévis, gains a victory over the British army with the orders of the British general Murray. The British are besieged.
the May 9th, a British frigate drops anchor in front of Quebec, joined by two others (May 15th). These reinforcements enable them to raise the seat.
June 4th, Great disturbance: Arrival of colonists of New England in Nova Scotia.
3 - July 8th: British naval Victoire with the Battle of Ristigouche.
July 19th: Foundation of Mayagüez to Puerto Rico.
16 - August 24th: British naval Victoire with the Battle of the Thousand-Islands.
September 8th: The Britanniques under the command of the general Jeffrey Amherst demolish the French and take Montreal. This same Jeffrey Amherst in 1763 distributes infected covers of small-pox (variola) to the tribe of the Delaware. It was one of the first crimes containing bacteriology used in North America.

Fine of the News-France in North America. The latter is placed under British military occupation (end in 1763). James Murray becomes governor of Quebec. Thomas Gage becomes military governor of Montreal.

September 23rd: The inhabitants of Three-Rivers give their weapons and lend oath of fidelity and tender to Its British majesty George II.

Arrived of anglophone tradesmen originating in New England or metropolis, at the request of the general-in-chief Amherst in order to provide for the needs for the army and the population.

Brazil

the Jésuites are expelled of the Brésil in order to break their economic power and their political influence.
Apogee of the production of gold in Brazil. The mining layers start to become exhausted and will be gradually abandoned.
In the Minas Gerais, the proportion of Blacks is of 70%.

Africa

the king of Ségou Tom Mansa is assassinated by its Praetorian. A man of the people, Ngolo Diarra seizes the power (1766) and extends the kingdom of Ségou until Tombouctou and Djenné then lance two forwardings against the Mossi of the Upper Volta. He reinstalls his capital with Ségou-Koro, abandoned earlier several years, and founds a true dynasty which reigns until in 1862.

Asia

January 22nd: the British demolish the French with the Bataille of Wandiwash. The Britanniques besiege Pondichéry (taken the January 11th 1761).

Beginning of the reign of Ieharu Tokugawa, Shogun of the Japan (fine in 1786). It carries a great interest to the Western sciences conveyed by the “Dutch studies”.
Seat of Ayutthaya by the Burmeses, stopped by the death of the king Alaungpaya.

Europe

February 28th: The French corsair François Thurot is killed in a combat with broad of the island of Man.
March 12th: Choiseul negotiates with the Austria so that the Russia obtains Poland the Right Bank of the Dniepr against theEastern one torn off in Frederic II.
June 23rd: Defeat of Frederic II of Prussia to Landshut, close to Glatz.
July 6th, Portugal: Marie de Bragance wife her uncle Pierre III.
: Victoire of the Hanover and the the United Kingdom on the France with the Battle of Warburg.
August: Berlin is plundered by the Russian and the Austrians, who separate again.
August 15th: Victoire of the Prussia to Liegnitz on the Austria.
October 9th: The Russian troops enter to Berlin.
October 15th: French Victoire with Klostercamp, on the the Rhine, which is not exploited because of the competitions between Broglie and Saint-Germain.
October 25th: Beginning of the reign of George III of Great Britain and Ireland (George III of the United Kingdom starting from 1801) (fine in 1820). It launches out with enthusiasm in the public affairs and will know a real popularity. Raised by a tutor Tory, Lord Butte, it arrives at the capacity at the time when the current tory favorable to the royal prerogative was released from fidelity to the Stuart. With the hundred seats of the electoral patronage of the crown and as many seats tory, the king can be based on a majority tendency to Room (King' S Friends).
November 3rd: Decisive Victoire of Frederic II with the Battle of Torgau, in Saxony on the Austrians of Daun and Lacy.

defensive Operations on behalf of the Prussia which becomes exhausted against higher adversaries of number.
Russia: Decree limiting the rights of the Masters on their serfs as regards criminal justice. The deportation is substituted for the corporal punishments.
Appearance of Clearing House in Scotland, rested by several banks to establish the compensation of the accounts to the national scales (1773 in England).
Organization of a Council of State ( Staatsrat ) in Austria. Deliberating organization, it caps all the services of the court and is charged to coordinate the action of the various administrations. It is composed of six members, three of the aristocracy leaving the title minister of state and three of the qualified minor nobility advisers of State; it is chaired by the chancellor Kaunitz.

Reforms state education in Austria. The cardinal Migazzi, president of the commission of the state education, has as a project the organization of an obligatory elementary school, project which will not succeed fault of financial means. The Jésuites are isolated with the profit of the reforming catholics.

France

the victories of the Great Britain over sea threaten the French coasts and make the war unpopular.
the Parlement of Rouen wishes the re-establishment of the States of Normandy and proposes to the currency “a King, a law, a Parliament”.
moderate Prices of the grains in France (1760 - 1763).
the budget of the State goes up to 1800 tons of equivalent money (247 million books of deficit).
Opening of the first post office in France with Paris.
frontier Agreements between the France and the Savoy.

Art & culture

Marie-Therese founds the unit of the guards of body peerage-books, intended for the teaching of 120 Hungarian and Transylvanian officers. Its pupils will take part in the Hungarian literary revival of the years 1780 inspired of the Lumières ( Bessenyei ).

Mass for the dead , Gossec.
Cecchina , opera-puffs out Niccolo Puccini gains an enormous success with Rome.

the Scot Gavin Hamilton carries out with Rome five tables inspired by the Iliade of Homère (1760 - 1765).
the American painter Benjamin West works with Rome of 1760 with 1763.
the Procuraties News with the coffee Interior Florian and of the basilica Saint-Marc , fabrics of Canaletto.
History of Tobie , series of fabrics of Francesco Guardi.

Sport

the mountaineer Horace-Bénédict de Saussure visit for the first time the valley of Chamonix. It goes back in 1761 there and 1764 and it leaves of it description in its Voyages in the Alps .

Science & technology

Pierre Roy develops a Chronomètre for the calculation of the Longitude.
John Cambell develops the Sextant for the calculation of the Latitude.
Ornithology , of Mathurin Jacques Brisson.

Economy & company

general Maxims of the economic government of an agricultural kingdom , François Quesnay.

the Great Britain account 7,8 million inhabitants. In England, 15 cities count more 10 000 inhabitants.
889 000 Anglo-Saxon colonists in North America. 274 000 in New England (31%), 215 000 in the Center (24%) and 400 000 in the South (45%).
100 000 inhabitants with Santo Domingo (40 000 in 1720), which produces 40 000 tons of sugar per annum (7 000 in 1715).

the navy of Spanish war aligns 50 ship of the lines, 21 frigates and 26 000 sailors.
the Polish army includes/understands nothing any more but 10 000 men, recruited among the nobility which monopolizes the cavalry and among German mercenaries with foot and horse. The artillery (a hundred men and old Swedish mortars) is null. The fortresses are non-existent (except Kamenietz).

Births in 1760

March 2nd: Camille Desmoulins
May 10th: Mullet of Lisle, officer and type-setter French († 1836)
May 29th: Louis-Michel Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, French politician. († January 20th 1793).
September 14th: Luigi Cherubini, type-setter Italy N († 1842)
November 23rd: François No5el Babeuf known as revolutionary Gracchus Babeuf († 1797)

Katsushika Hokusai, engraver and painter Japan board († 1849)
Lemuel Francis Abbott, British painter († 1803)
Alessandro Scarlatti, Italian type-setter

Death in 1760

March 10th: Christoph Graupner, German type-setter .
May 9th: Nicolas Louis de Zinzendorf (1700 -1760), preacher of the movement of the Moravian Brothers.
May 11th: Alaungpaya, founder of the Dynasty Konbaung of Burma.
May 22nd: Israel Ben Elizer, Jewish mystic (1700-1760), founder of the movement hassidic which tends to isolate the Polish Jews from the foreign influences.
October 25th: Georges II, king de Grande-Bretagne and of Ireland.

Be-X-old: 1760 Map-bms: 1760

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