1690

This page relates to the year 1690 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Asia

the princes Khalkha ask of the assistance the China. Kangxi sends against the khan Dzoungarie Galdan an army and artillery. This last must move back (September 2nd) and the Outer Mongolia becomes Chinese protectorate (May 1691 - 1912).

Japan

Mitsui, manufacturing saké with Edo, becomes the financial agent as well shogounat as imperial house, saving the large ones with the money gained by the middle-class men of the new cities. But in some generations, the debts will accumulate, ever refunded, if not in the form of privileges and honors, and the creditors will be as ruined as their debtors.
September: Travel of the German doctor Engelbert Kaempfer (1651 - 1712) to the Japan with the Dutch delegation. It meets the Shogun with Edo and brings back many drawings and a single testimony on Japan of the years 1690.

India

Aurangzeb reign on all the Indian peninsula but its empire is torn by the ceaseless wars and the revolts. It has for only resource only the income of the Bengal whose governor remained to him faithful.
the conquest of the Dekkan ruined the Empire moghol. The Marathes, that Aurangzeb has wanted to persuade after having overcome them, submerge the administration.
Construction of Chandernagor (1690 - 1692).

Peace treaty enters the English Compagnie of the Eastern Indies and Aurangzeb
August 24th: In India, the English Job Charnock, (? - 1693), an agent of the East India Company , person in charge of the English factory of Cassim Bazar installs a new factory with Sutanati (Strong William in 1696). This date is generally regarded as the date of foundation of modern the Calcutta.

Africa

Zimbabwe: the Portuguese are expelled by the troops of the Monomatapa.

Americas

February 3rd: Emission by the British colony of the Massachusetts of the first American paper money.
Franco-English War. The English seize the Acadie and Newfoundland to the Canada.

Fortification of Quebec.
May 20th: William Phips takes Port-Royal, capital of the Acadie.
October 16th: Battle of Quebec. The English in vain try to take Quebec with a fleet come from New England (fine the October 24th).

Forwarding of Henry Kelsey which, left the Bay James, reached the territory of the Pied-noir at the Western end of the Canadian Meadow (end in 1692).
the Spaniards occupy is Texas (1690 - 1693).
200 000 inhabitants in New England. The black slaves account for 8% of the population of the colonies.
Brazil: the first gold layers are discovered.
Revolts of slaves to the Surinam of 1690 with 1722.

Western Europe

January 6th: Joseph de Habsbourg becomes King of the Romans.
March 16th: Louis XIV sends an army in Ireland to fight at the sides of the king Jacques II.
April 30th May 1st: Battle of Cromdale. End of the insurrection jacobite in of Scotland.
3 - June 4th: Victor-Amédée Ier of Savoy enters alliance against the France.
June 26th: The French unload with Teignmouth in England of South-west.
July 1st: Victoire of Luxembourg on Guillaume III of Orange to the battles of Fleurus. Careful, Louis XIV does not exploit this victory.
10 - July 11th: French naval Victoire of Tourville on the English fleets and Dutchwoman with the Battle of the course Béveziers or of Beachy Head (Sussex). It allows the unloading jacobite in Ireland.
July 12th: Demolished Jacques II ( James II ) of England to the Battle of Boyne. The Ireland is delivered to the English. Dated July 12th is commemorated since every year by the Protestants of Northern Ireland, through processions and demonstrations, sources of tensions with the Catholique S.
July 22nd: Capitulation of Galway. Jacques II must turn over in France.
August 18th: The marshal of Catinat beats the Duc of Savoy to the Bataille of Staffarda, takes Saluce (August 19th) then Suze (November 12th).

the Vaudois are amnestied and recruited by the army of Victor-Amédée Ier of Savoy.
Diplomatic action in Germany of the North of the baron Bidal d' Asfeld. In spite of the important subsidies distributed to the duke of Hanover, the bishop of Munster, the king of Denmark and the duke of Wolfenbüttel, it fails to rejoin them in France (1690 - 1694).
the whig S of the count d' Orford and the Tories of Henry St John, Viscount Bolingbroke, follow one another the capacity in England between 1690 and 1713.
the episcopalism becomes the official religion of the Scotland.

Eastern Europe

Second austro-Turkish war: The Othoman vizier Mustafa Köprülü conducts a victorious campaign in Hungary, takes again Nis and Belgrade and restores the Othoman influence in Transylvania where it installs Imre Thököly as prince. But it is killed in the Bataille of Slankamen against the imperial ones (August 19th 1691).
March 17th: Died of the patriarch of Moscow Joachim, which had imposed, under the regency of Sophie, the repression of all the dissidents.
April 6th: Great migration of the Serb of the Kosovo in Voïvodine (1690 - 1691).
August 21st: Imre Thököly crushes the imperial army with an army of 6 000 men with the battle of Zernyest in which Mihály III Teleki is killed.
August 27th: Adrien becomes patriarch of Moscow (fine in 1700).
September 22nd: Imre Thököly obtains Diet with the support of the Sultan the title of prince de Transylvanie.
October 25th: In spite of the resumption of Belgrade by the army of the Top dog Mustafa in October 1690, the backward flow of Turkish is accentuated and Imre Thököly must give up Transylvania.

From the regiments “of Entertainers” of its adolescence with Préobrajenskoïe, Pierre Ier of Russia creates the regiments of the Garde Préobrajenski and Sémionovski, of which one the third of manpower is composed of huguenots French refugees in Russia.

Art & culture

October 5th: Creation in Italy of a Roman Academy, the Academy of Arcadie , which is given for goal to exterminate the bad taste.

Sighs of France slave , lampoon huguenot allotted to Pasteur Pierre Jurieu, opposed to the absolutism.
the man with good fortunes , of Jean-François Regnard.
First edition of the universal Dictionary of Antoine Furetière.
the arithmetic policy , of William Petty, which takes stock of the English colonies.

Philosophy

Test on the human understanding and Treated civil government , of John Locke. He is opposed to the Esclavage.

Sciences & technology

the Mathématicien Jacques Bernoulli develops the integral calculus.
the Instructions for the orchards and pot of Quintinie are published by his/her son.
the rackets to go in snow appear in the the Alps.
First telegraphic experiments by Semaphore.
Developed by Denis Papin the first steam engine which has a power from approximately 1 kilowatt.
Treated light published with Leyde and Speech of the cause of gravity , Huygens.
forces of Europe or introduction to the fortification of Nicolas de Fer.

Economy & company

Ericeira becomes Minister for Finance to the Portugal. It practices a policy Mercantiliste: it restricts the imports of textile and tries to create cloth manufactures in Beira Baixa and Alentejo.
Bad harvests in Scandinavia.
Foundation of a supreme authority controlling the manufacturing output and the trade with the Denmark.

the production of coal in England is of 2,5 million tons.

theoretical manpower of the French Army rise with 435 000 men.
the Parisian wages are with lowest.
the incomes Net of the French State reach 800 tons of equivalent-money.

nonwell informed or unknown Dates :
the postal secrecy is guaranteed by a law in the Holy roman Empire.

Births in 1690

March 18th: Christian Goldbach, German mathematician.
unknown Date: Philibert Lambert, French writer.

Death in 1690

February 12th: Charles Le Brun, French painter.
April 18th: Charles V of Lorraine.
April 20th: Died of Large Dauphine the Marie-Anne of Bavaria.
April 25th: David II Teniers, Flemish painter (1610 -1690).
May 27th: Giovanni Legrenzi, Italian type-setter .
July 10th: Domenico Gabrielli, Italian type-setter (1651-1690).
October 7th: Jacques Savary, financier and economist French (Gifted-the-Fountain, 1622 - Paris 1690).
October 17th: Marguerite-Marie Alacoque, mystical Frenchwoman at the origin of the devotions to the Sacred Heart, disputed by the Jansenists.

Easter Day

March 26th: Easter Sunday

Be-X-old: 1690 Map-bms: 1690 Simple: 1690

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