1598

This page relates to the year 1598 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

July 2nd: Beginning of the voyage around the world of Dutch Van Noort (fine the August 26th 1601).

America

April 30th: The Spaniards of Juan de Oñate colonize the New Mexico. Foundation of San Juan in July.

Africa

Activity of the Dutchmen in central Africa. They threaten the Portuguese monopoly.
the Dutchmen take the Mauritius.

Asia

September 16th: Naval Victoire of the Korea N Yi Sun-sin with Myong-Yang on the fleet Japan ease. Died of Hideyoshi and repatriation of the troops Japanese woman of Korea to the Japan .
December 16th: Victoire naval and died of the Korea N Yi Sun-sin with No Ryang Chin on the fleet Japan ease.

the qân Chaybanide Koutchoulou is driven out of Siberia and must flee in the steppes Nogaï where he dies in 1600.

The Middle East

the Shah Abbas Ier of Persia demolishes the Uzbek with Herat. It makes Ispahan its capital.

Europe

January 7th: Beginning of the reign of Boris Godounov, Tsar of Russia (fine in 1605).

In February, the Zemski sobor is convened under the presidency of the patriarch of Moscow. Boris Godounov is elected tsar (February 8th) then crowned (September 1st).

March 23rd: Sigismond Báthory, beaten by the Turks, gives up the Transylvania with the Habsbourg. It takes again possession of its principality as of the August 22nd.
March 29th: Adolphe de Schwarzenerg takes again Györ in Hungary.
May 2nd: signature of the Peace of Vervins (the Spaniards give up the last places that they hold in France)
August, Révolte in Ireland. The Irishmen demolish the English with Yellow Ford.
September 13rd:

Died of Philippe II; beginning of the reign of Philippe III, king of Spain and the Portugal (fine in 1621). Philippe III leaves the capacity to his favorites ( validos ) as Francisco Gomez of Sandoval, duke of Lerma (1550-1525) which controls the Spain of 1598 with 1618.
With died of Philippe II of Spain, the Spanish Netherlands are yielded to the archduke Albert of Austria and to his Isabelle-Claire-Eugenie wife.

September 25th: Sigismond of Poland arrives in Sweden and is beaten by his/her uncle Charles, duke of Södermanland, brother of Jean III (future Charles IX of Sweden) with Stãngebro.

the imperial general Giorgio Basta enters in Transylvania and controls the country by a mode of terror until in 1604.
Arrived legendary of the first Jewish community of Amsterdam come from the Portugal.
the pope Clement VIII appendix Ferrare and Comacchio, on the Adriatic .
Piracy of the Uscoques of Segna and Fiume in the Adriatic : a thousand of men, on board light boats, protected by the emperor, are attacked since the middle of the century with the galères and the Venetian convoys, Turkish and ragusains. They sell their catches with Trieste.
the Portuguese reproach Philippe III for diverting the income of the tax to the profit of the Castille. The king in particular undertakes to encourage the return of “new Portuguese Christians” towards Spain, against payment with the Spanish Treasury of considerable sums. He also envisages, always against payment of rights, the access of the “new Christians” to all the loads of the kingdom.

France

March 18th - March 20th: Catch of Dinan by the king. Tender of the Breton members of a league (Francoise, the girl of the duke of Mercœur will marry César de Vendôme, wire of the king and Gabrielle d' Estrées).
March 29th: Resignation of the bishop of Paris and cardinal of Retz Pierre de Gondi. Its nephew Henri succeeds to him.
April 13rd - April 30th: Edict of Nantes by the king Henri IV, to put an end to the wars of religion, granting to the Protestant freedom of worship in certain places (two cities by baillage, except in Paris and in the neighborhood) and a total freedom of conscience, the amnesty, “rooms semi-parts” (Paris, Bordeaux, Grenoble, Castrate), the access to all employment, right to carry remonstrances to the king and a hundred places of safety. The Catholic religion everywhere is restored, restored in its goods, and is authorized with raising Dîme S that all must pay. Compromise imposed by the exhaustion of the parties, the edict creates a true State in the State.

After 1598, the Huguenot S are 903 000 in France, more 112 000 Inhabitants of Béarn.

May 2nd: Treaty of Vervins; the Spaniards are driven out of France (Brittany, North), except with Cambrai.
August 4th: Schedule Monceaux, which regulates the wearing of weapons.
December: Removal of the offices of the treasurers of France. They will be restored in 1607.

Investigation into the usurpations of nobility.
1598 is probably the year during which Sully becomes Surintendant of finances.

Religion

the pope subjects the various theses on the Grâce in the presence of the congregation of the helps of the grace ( Of auxiliis ) created for this purpose.
the tsar obtains from the patriarch of Constantinople the erection of Moscow in patriarchate.

Art & culture

In October, the castle of the poet Edmund Spenser is destroyed and burned by Irish rebels. Spenser flees with London, where he dies the January 13rd 1599.
Henry V , drama of Shakespeare.
Ben Jonson makes represent with London its first important work: Each man in his character ( Every Man In His Humor )
Translation of Homère in English.
John Florio writes a Dictionnaire English - Italian.
Royal Gift , work in Greek of Jacques VI of Scotland dedicated to his/her oldest son (the king is the Head of the State and the Church; the episcopate is necessary).
Arcadia , of Lope de Vega.

Around the Meïdan-E Shah (“the place of the King”) is built with Ispahan a complex of official buildings, of which there remains only the Ali Qapu , platform to attend the play of Polo, and some houses in gardens, of which that of the Tchéhel Sotoun (“Forty Columns”).

Economy & company

the Japan account 20 million inhabitants.
William Lee invents a trade with bottom.
Spain: Plan of Cristóbal Pérez de Herrera to set up a new organization of work to make profitable the labor of the valid beggars.
Rise of the Sericiculture in Languedoc, helped by the propaganda of Olivier de Serres and Laffemas.
Rosny is in charge of finances in France. Its rigorous management makes it possible to restore financial balance. It decreases the direct taxes (drops size on average of 10% between 1599 and 1610), at the moment when the national revenue increases, which benefits the peasants. The economy makes it possible to increase the indirect impositions (milked, assistances, gabelles), which are managed better. Measurements encourage the rise of the production: cancellation of part of the national debts, lowers interest rates and revenue made up, which stimulates the investment.
Creation of the Company of trade of Middelbourg to the Netherlands.

Births in 1598

January 23rd: The French architect François Mansart.
November 7th: The Spanish painter Francisco de Zurbarán in Fuente de Cantos.
December 7th: Gian Lorenzo Bernini, known as Bernin or Cavaliere Bernini (Naples, 1598 - Rome, 1680), sculptor, architect and Italian painter. It was called the second Michel-Angel.

Death in 1598

January 7th: Fédor I {{er}}, tsar of Russia, the last of the dynasty of the Riourikides. The tsarina Irene withdraws herself and decides to take the veil (January 7th 1599).
Mars: Henri Estienne, French printer (born in 1531).
June 28th: Oertel, cosmographer and Flemish cartographer (Abraham Ortelius, born in 1527).
September 13rd: Philippe II of Spain to the palate of the Escurial.
July 27th: Jacques II of Goyon of Matignon, Marshal of France, Governor of Guyenne, mayor of Bordeaux. (° September 26th 1525)
September 16th: Hideyoshi Toyotomi, Japanese Prime Minister, of the dysentery. A child succeeds to him. Five regents will clash for his capacity.
December 16th: Yi Sun-sin, admiral Korean, inventive of the Boat tortoise and hero of the War Imjin, at the time of the battles of No Ryang Chin.
Theodore de Bry, joallier-engraver of Liege, middle-class man of the town of Frankfurt, dies in Frankfurt.

Easter Day

March 22nd: Sunday of Easter
For other religious holidays, to see Comput

Be-X-old: 1598 Map-bms: 1598 Simple: 1598

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