1577

This page relates to the year 1577 Calendrier Julien.

Events

  • December 13rd: Beginning of the second Circumnavigation by the English explorer Francis Drake (fine in 1580).
    • Francis Drake travels in the South Seas of 1577 to 1580 with five buildings, of which the Golden Hind . Thomas Doughty, suspected of having fomented a mutiny little before the extreme south of the America, is decapitated for the example (July 2nd 1578). The fleet passes the Magellan Strait, then skirts the coast of the Chile where it hails a building of Spanish trade charged with gold to broad of Santiago, that it plunders in the passing. Drake seizes later the money cargo of the Cagafuego , goes up towards north by plundering the Spanish counters, touches the Peru, the isthmus of Panama, the Mexico, the California which he baptizes News-Albion and unloads in bay of San Francisco. From there, it shingles towards the islands of the Probe and the India S where it is measured with many recovery with Portuguese and Spaniards. It regains Plymouth by the Cape of Good Hope, the holds full with spoils (September 26th 1580).

America

  • There exist sixteen Portuguese centers with the Brésil. Some are directed by governors ( capitães-mores ) depend on the general governor of Bahia. It is sometimes of truths strengthened stations, having small shipyards to build boats for the rivers or to repair the ships. The culture of the Cotton and the Tabac is added to that of the Canne to sugar.

Africa

Asia

  • the lamaïsme becomes Religion of state in Eastern Mongolia.

Europe

  • January 9th: The General states of the Netherlands proclaim their unit in the Union of Brussels.

  • February 17th: Perpetual edict of Walk-in-Famenne. Failure of the attempts at Don Juan of Austria to pacify the Netherlands. The large lords of the South (Aerschot, Boussu, Lalaing) oppose the prince d' Orange which is pressed on the middle-class of North and the people of the cities of the South. During the summer, a series of municipal coups d'etat sets up made up calvinists municipalities craftsmen at Brussels, Antwerp and Ghent, which frightens the higher classes. In north, the Calvinism, minority, touches the economic elites which hold the municipalities. In the south, the catholic nobility always dominates.
  • June: The queen Elisabeth Ire of England suspends the Archevêque of Canterbury Edmund Grindal of 1577 with 1582 because he did not want to prohibit the conference holding in which the ministers Anglicans commented on and disputed the Writings in front of the faithful ones ( prophesying ). Elisabeth, who reproaches at these assemblies their puritan tendencies, prohibited them the May 7th.
  • September: Mihnea II becomes voïévode of Valachie (1577 - 1583, 1585 - 1591). Twelve years old, it succeeds his father Alexandre Mircea, in exchange of an considerable increase of the tribute of to the Porte which rises with 117  000 ducats of gold. It reigns eight years under the authority of his mother, Catherine Salvaressa, resulting from a gréco-Levantine family of Péra, with Constantinople. Reversed in 1583, it yields the place to an applicant supported by Henri III of France, then returns on the Wallachian throne in 1585. Drawn aside one second time in 1591 with resulting from a reign marked by a tax pressure without precedent, it converts with the Islam and becomes governor of Nicopolis under the name of Mehmed bey.
  • December 20th: Set fire to Palais of the Doges to Venice. Many works are destroyed.

  • the Habsbourg take again the war against the Turks.
  • In Bohemia, Rodolphe II names a council of lieutenancy ( Statthalterei ) chaired by large the burgrave.
  • Arrived of the papal legate Antonio Possevino in Sweden. It must leave the country following sand-gravel mix hoop nets anticatholic (1580).

France

  • January, Sixth war of religion: Rupture of the Peace of Mister voted by the general states of Blois. François d' Alençon, become duke of Anjou joins with his/her brother Henri III of France.
  • April: Montmorency-Damville obeys the orders of the king and besieges Montpellier.
  • May 2nd: the Charity-on-Loire, Protestant place, is taken and ransacked by the troops of Mister.
  • May 11th: Issoire is taken and ransacked by the troops of Mister.
  • May:
    • royal Edict regulating the hotel ones, innkeepers and taverniers.
    • the duke of Mayenne operates in Poitou.
  • August 14th: Stop regulating the common wine introduction into the capital.
  • September 17th: signature of the Peace of Bergerac. Freedom of worship is limited to the suburbs of only one city by bailliage.
  • October 8th: Edict of Poitiers.
  • November 2nd: Henri III indicates a charged commission to assure the good construction of the New Pont and the follow-up of work.
  • December: Henri de Navarre falls into a ambush to Eauze, in Armagnac. He manages to release himself while drawing from the blows from guns until the arrival from reinforcements.

Religion

Art & culture

perhaps
  • Revenge against the tyrants , lampoon writes by Philippe Duplessis-Mornay.
  • Instructionum fabricae ecclesiasticae and supellectilis ecclesiasticae libri due , treated of architecture of Charles Borromée.
  • Palestrina, choirmaster to Midsummer's Day of Lateran, is charged to revise the liturgical music according to the Concile of Thirty.
  • the Dream of Philippe II , fabric of the Greco.
  • Greco painted the Assumption .

Science & technology

  • the Astronome Danish Tycho Brahé watch by using the Parallaxe that the Comet S are extra-atmospheric objects.
  • Charles Borromée founds hospital and schools with Milan.

Economy & company

  • Surge of noble metals of the New World in Spain (1577 - 1593).
  • mercantilists measurements are reinforced in France.
  • France: Since 1550, eight devaluations weakened the Livre tournaments of more than 30%. To block the devaluation of the currencies, monarchy obliges its subjects to make out all the transactions in ecus of gold and either in books.

Births in 1577

Death in 1577

  • nonwell informed or unknown Dates :
    • Remi Belleau, poet of the Pleiad and scholar (born in 1528).

Be-X-old: 1577 Map-bms: 1577 Simple: 1577

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