1571

This page relates to the year 1571 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Americas

Creation of a court of the Enquiry to Mexico City. The Catholic church exerts an absolute power via the orders Franciscain, Augustin, Dominicain and Jésuite.

Revolt of the Indians to the Peru. The INCA Titu Kusi (1560 - 1571) dies poisoned.
Beginning of the reign of Tupac Amaru, last sovereign INCA, it will be carried out in 1572.

Asia

June 24th: Manila becomes the capital of the Spanish colony of the Filipino .

Japan: Oda Nobunaga meeting the opposition of a coalition of Daimyô S and Buddhist sects, brutally destroyed these last, shaving the large monastery Tendai of Enryakuji and massacring its occupants. To counter the sects, he encourages the establishment of the Christian missionaries.
In India, Akbar organizes a conference with representatives of all the religions.
Fatehpur-Sikrî becomes the imperial capital of the Empire moghol (fine in 1584).

Africa

First installation of the Portuguese in Angola, following a treaty with the autochtones.

Beginning of the reign of Idriss III Alaoma, May (king) of the Bornou (fine in 1603).

Apogee of the kingdom of the Bornou (capital with Gasr Eggomo) followed by a slow decline.
Idriss Alaoma subjects the Berbères Aïr, the Haoussas of Kano, the people of the south of the Lac Chad, the lake nomads. In north it rejoins the Toubou and appendix the Kaouar. Its successors will be unable to preserve the power and the unit of this vast empire whose decline is obvious during the XVIIe and of the 18th century.
Idriss Alaoma introduces firearms bought with Othoman Turks at the time of his voyage with Mecque.
Idriss Alaoma controls the track of the the central Sahara whose traffic increases because of the decline of the Songhaï. This track of the Lac Chad with Tripoli will be the road of the slaves until the 19th century.

the Négus Sarsa-Dengel is made build close to the Lac Tanned the castle of Gouzara, reinforced with four round towers. More in north, with Aïba, in the Ouoguéra, close to future the Gondar, it is made also build a palate and builds the church of Kidané-Mehret (Pact of the Mercy).

Europe

February 25th: The English Secretary of State William Cecil is high with peerage (baron Burghley).
March 14th: Beginning of the persecution of the unitarian in Transylvania with died of Jean Sigismond. They join the reformed Church or flee in Poland.
April 19th: Granvelle becomes viceroy of Naples (fine in 1575).
May 15th, Russia: Devlet Girey, khan of the Tatars of the Crimea occupies Moscow and burns the city. 150 000 people are massacred, of which Flemish, English, German merchants and Italian who resided at it. The catch of Moscow makes impracticable for years the trade of Narva.
May 19th: Conclusion of the Holy League (Naples, Sicily, Genoa, Venice, Malta, the Holy See, Spain) against the Turks.
May 25th: Etienne Ier Báthory (1533-1586) becomes prince of Transylvania (fine in 1576)
August 26th: The archduke Charles II of Austria-Styrie wife her niece Marie Anne of Bavaria (1551 † 1608), girl of Albert V, duke of Bavaria and Anne of Austria.
August: 500 riders Turkish devastate Corfou, possession Venetian.
October 4th: The Othoman Turks seize Cyprus, they take Famagouste and Venetian garrison and its captain Bragadin massacre some after him to have promised the safe life against capitulation.
October 7th: Battle of Lépante. the Othoman S of Ali Pasha are demolished by the allied fleet of Venetian, the Spaniards and the papacy directed by Don Juan of Austria. It is the end of the Othoman maritime power in Europe. The provinces are raised but the calm cost quickly and the fleet are reconstituted in a few months.

nonwell informed or unknown Dates :

New extension of the Opritchnina in Russia.
the pile cluster warns the German Reichstag against the export of guns and weaponry in Russia.
exceptionally hot Years in Germany of the South (1571 and 1572).
Earthquake with Ferrare.

France

April: Synod calvinist of La Rochelle (Theodore de Bèze) in the presence of Jeanne d' Albret and of his/her son Henri de Navarre. A confession of faith is worked out there, which becomes the Credo of the reformed Church of France.
September: Return of the admiral Gaspard de Coligny to the court. It projects a forwarding with the Netherlands against Spain to resolder the divided French nobility. The young person Charles IX approves the project.
December: Destruction of the cross of Gastine with Paris by the Protestants. It commemorated the punishment received by two Protestant merchants who had lodged on their premises the worship calvinist.

Strike of the printers with Paris and Lyon.
Believed of the the Rhone. Freezing of olive-trees in Languedoc.

Religion

England: The confession of the Thirty-nine articles, impregnated of Calvinisme is “ approved to be carried out in all the kingdom by the assent of the Queen Elizabeth ”. Beginning of the persecution of the catholics, particularly bloody in Ireland (76 executions in Ireland between 1570 and 1603).
Creation of the congregation of the Index.
the archbishop of Uppsala Laurentius $petri makes write the Swedish Constitutio ecclesiatica .
Bohemia: the crypto-catholic Henri Dvorsky is designated by the emperor Maximilien II administrator of the Church utraquist.
Maximilien II refuses to recognize the legal existence of the Confession of Augsburg and leaves the bishop of Olomouc, Guillaume Prusinovsky Vickov to persecute the schoolmasters and the magistrates Protestant in the royal cities of Moravie.
Albert Ier of Bavaria orders to the Bavarian bishops to cease giving the communion under the two species in spite of the pontifical briefs of 1564.
the doctor Juif Azariah of Rossi writes the Meor Enayim (“Light of the eye”), exploration of the Bible, the world hellenistic and the Talmud starting from all the literature of the ancient world. Its book is prohibited by the Italian rabbis and of Safed, to be redécouvert at the 18th century by Jewish scholars.

Arts & cultures

the Bibliothèque laurentienne of Florence is opened to the public.
a handbook of useful Calligraphie Lo scrittor' (the useful writer) is published by Hercolani, a notary of Bologna.
Palestrina founds the first institute of music to Rome.

Science & technology

Chart of Ortelius entitled “ Description of the Empire of the Priest Jean ”.

Economy & company

January 23rd: The financier Thomas Gresham founds the Bourse of London ( Royal Exchange ).

a Galleon per annum made the voyage of Acapulco to Manila.
Mongolia: Opening of the frontier markets with the China with Your-tong, Kalgan, Tsining and Koukou-khoto. They last on average 10 to 12 days. Each Mongolian time the sells to the Chinese tradesmen 28 000 with 30 000 horses.

Battle of Lépante: The Christian fleet includes/understands 61 galères Spanish, 105 galères and 6 galéasses armed with Venice, 12 pontifical galères, plus the forces of the Savoy, of Genoa and Malta. The Othoman fleet loses 170 galères (110 are captured).

Births in 1571

January 27th: Abbas Ier Large the, Persian Shah of .
August 2nd: Charles Ier of Lorraine, 4th duke of Own way, French politician, († 1640).
September 9th: Léonor Eyquem, second girl of Michel de Montaigne, his single child who will live.
September 29th: Caravage ( Michelangelo Merisi ), Italian painter.
December 27th: Johannes Kepler, German astronomer.

Death in 1571

Be-X-old: 1571 Map-bms: 1571 Simple: 1571

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