This page relates to the year 1544 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Africa

• Beginning of the reign of Diogo, Manicongo of the kingdom of Congo (fine in 1561).

• Hassan Pasha, wire of Aldine Khayr, becomes beylerbey of Algiers (fine in 1552). It restores its authority on the west of the Regency of Algiers with the assistance of the Turkish army ordered by the renegade Hassan Corso.

Americas

• January 10th: Arrived at Panama of Blasco Núñez Calved, viceroy of Peru. It is with Lima the May 17th.
• March 25th: Antonio de Mendoza promulgates the Leyes Nuevas with the Mexico.
• September 13rd: Pedro de Valdivia founds Valparaíso.
• September 28th: New civil war with the Peru opposing the viceroy Blasco Núñez Calved and the revolted colonists directed by Gonzalo Pizarro (fine in 1546).
• October 28th: Gonzalo Pizarro enters to Lima and is made appoint governor.

The Middle East

• Invasion of grasshoppers in Egypt.
• Humâyûn takes Kandahâr and Kabul.

Europe

• January 13rd: New session of the Diet with Västerås. The Sweden is proclaimed State evangelic, the pilgrimages are officially prohibited like all the demonstrations being attached to the worship of the saints. The crucifixes are torn off walls.
• January 31st - June 10th: Diet of Whorl in the presence of Charles Quint. Peace of Whorl between the Denmark and the Hanse. It grants to the king Denmark the right to take a toll on all the ships passing by the Sund and opens the strait with all the ships.
• April 11th: Victoire of the French led by François d' Enghien to the Battle of Cérisoles on the imperial ones. The Montferrat passes to the France.
• Be: Offensives of Charles Quint in Champagne and of Henry VIII of England in Bolted. Charles Quint walks until Castle-Thierry and threatens Paris.
• June 18th - August 18th: Sit and taken Saint-Dizier by Charles Quint.
• July 19th - September 14th: Sit and occupation of Boulogne by the English (fine in 1546).
• August 22nd: At 11 years, Guillaume de Nassau, known as the Silent one, inherits the principality of Orange, Antwerp, Breda and many other places to the Netherlands. As it was Protestant, Charles Quint the fact food with Breda where it becomes catholic.
• September 18th:
• Charles Quint and François Ier signs the peace of Crépy. Charles Quint gives up the duchy of Burgundy in exchange of the renunciation of France of the Flanders, with the Artois, the Milanais, Naples and the Aragon. The Piedmont remains occupied by the French troops.
• the Sweden is combined with the France to make failure with the coalition of the Denmark with the Germanic Roman Holy roman Empire.
• October 9th: Failure of the troops of the Dolphin against Boulogne.
• November 9th: Seven naves ragusaines are victims of the storm in Adriatique.
• November: Believed of the Gier in Vienna (October), of the the Rhone and the the Durance.

• Elisabeth, girl of Anne Boleyn and Henri VIII of England is restored in its rights to the succession.
• Forwarding of Aldine Khayr (Barberousse) against the islands Lipari, Elba, the Campania and the Calabria. He reduces 20  000 Christians in slavery.
• a whole vessel of converse Portuguese in escape reached Raguse.
• Suspension of the the Holy Office to the Portugal.
• Gustav Vasa founds the heredity of the crown in Sweden.

Arts & cultures

• July 21st: Foundation of the university of Königsberg ( Albertina ) by the duke Albrecht of Prussia.

• Unties, object of higher virtue , poem of Maurice Scève.
• Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina is named organist and chief of chorus to the cathedral of Palestrina (fine in 1551).
• Mosque Schézadé with Istanbul, built by Mi' mar Sinan (fine in 1548).

Sciences & technology

• Sebastien Münster publishes in Basle its Cosmographie of the world with chart and engravings on wood.
• Commentarii in sex libros Pedacii Dioscoridis , of the botanist Pierandrea Mattioli.
• Luca Ghini creates with Pisa a Botanical garden.
• Avium praecipuarum, quarum apud Plinium and Aristotelem mentio is, brevis and succincta historia due the ornithologist William Turner.

Economy & company

• Monopoly granted to Amsterdam for the Danish trade.
• nonwell informed or unknown Dates :
• Brought into service of the first refinery of Sugar in England.

Births in 1544

• January 19th: François II, wire of Henri II, brother of Charles IX and Henri III.
• March 11th: the Cup

• Guillaume of Bartas, French writer, poet baroque. († 1590.

Death in 1544

• September 25th: Valerius Cordus, botanist and German chemist (° 1515)
• November 13rd: Odard Hennequin, bishop of Troyes. (° in 1484).

• nonwell informed or unknown Dates :
• the poet Clement Marot with Turin (born with Cahors in 1496).
• Bonaventure Of Périers, French writer (Arnay-the-Duke, towards 1510 - Lyon, about 1544).

Be-X-old: 1544 Map-bms: 1544

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