1539

This page relates to the year 1539 Calendrier Julien.

Events

April 22nd: Legal foundation of Bogotá by Nikolaus Federmann and Sebastián de Belalcázar.
April: Appointed general lieutenant of the Chile, Pedro de Valdivia undertakes the difficult conquest of Chile (1540).
Spanish Hernando de Soto explores banks of the the Mississippi, the coasts of Florida and Alabama (fine in 1542).

May 30th: Fernand de Soto unloads in Florida. He reaches bay of Mobile (October 1540), the Mouths of the the Mississippi (May 1541), then goes up towards the Arkansas and the fringes of the Oklahoma. Its soldiers are decimated by the fevers and the attacks of the Indians. De Soto turns back, then dies in 1542 on the edges of the the Mississippi. The survivors, gathered around the dogvane of their chief, decide to walk towards the Mexico. They cross the Oklahoma to run up against the buttresses of the Rock ones. They regain the Mississippi then and descend the river after having built seven pinnaces. Attacked by the Indians, they arrive until the Gulf of Mexico where they are taken in the storm. The survivors, rejected on the coast, walk exhausted to the station of Rio Panuco, with height of Tampico.

July 8th: Departure of the forwarding of Spanish Francisco de Ulloa towards the gulf of California.

Forwarding of the priest franciscain Marcos de Niza, guided by Esteban, former slave of Cabeza de Vaca, in Arizona and with the New Mexico. He discovers what he takes for one of the Seven Cities of Cibola (current the Zuñi, makes of it a large borough at the top of a rocky outcrop).
Return of Hernán the Cortes in Spain where he requests Charles Quint vainly so that he restores it in his rights.
Civil war for the division of the spoils enters the conquistadores to the Peru. All the chiefs (Diego de Almagro, Francisco Pizarro and his/her brothers, wire of Almagro) find successively death between 1539 and 1541.
Forwarding of Gonzalo Pizarro in Amazonia (fine in 1540).
Pedro de Candia recognizes the area of the Lac Titicaca.

June: The Moghol Humayun leaves Gaur to regain Âgrâ but is overcome on the edges of the Gange, with Chaunsa by Sher Shah Suri, which is with the head of the north of the India between the Assam and Kanauj.

January 1st: Arrest and lawsuit of Olaus $petri and Laurentius Andræ in Sweden, shown high treason by Georg Norman. They are condemned to died (January 2nd 1540), then pardoned.
March 2nd: Marriage of Isabelle Jagellon and the king Jean Ier of Hungary to Székesfehérvár.
April: Second Suppression Act for the Dissolution of the monasteries in the United Kingdom.
May: Henri VIII of England promulgates the statute of the Six Articles, modifying certain points of the dogma, which aims at maintaining orthodoxy but is badly accommodated by the Protestants. Hugh Latimer, which refuses to subscribe to the Act is relieved of its episcopal see of Worcester and knows several imprisonments with the Tour of London for heresy.
May 1st, Spain: Beginning of the first regency of Philippe, wire of Charles Quint (1539 - 1542; 1543 - 1548; 1551 - 1554).

Between the 10 and the August 15th: the Ordonnance of Villers-Cotterêts imposes the French like official language of the France, founds the civil statue. The language of Oc is prohibited in the official documents.
November 1st: The margrave de Brandebourg Joachim II converts with the Réforme and secularizes the ecclesiastical fields.
24 - December 30th: Stay of the emperor Charles Quint with the Castle of Fontainebleau, during its voyage in France.

Expulsion of the Rroms of Paris, the first official repression in France.
Revolt of Ghent. The specialists of the professions revolt against the merchants and traders, holders of the capacity, shown to have badly defended the city against the encroachments of the ducal capacity, in particular out of tax matter.
the monastery of Videy, in Iceland, receives the visit of the secretary of the governor to the Pentecost. The monks are abused, the monastery is plundered.
the Luthéranisme becomes religion of State in Norway.
Taken city Nauplie by the Turks, before Venetian.
Russia: The Chouiski are évincés regency by the Bielski.

September 3rd: Ignace de Loyola writes in Rome the Formula Instituti , diagram of the future Rule of the Society of Jesus.

Printing works with the Mexico. First publication of a book (religious) in News-Spain, written in Nahualt (Aztec language) and in Spanish.
Robert Estienne, printer official in France, develops the Greek, Latin and Hebraic edition.
New translation English of the Bible, known as “the Large Bible”.
Mi' mar Sinan is named architect as a chief of the Ottoman Empire.

Publication in Spain of the Libro de Agricultura , Alonsode Herrera (Agronomy).
Carta Marina , of Olaus Magnus.

the companions of the printers Lyon be born stop work to assert a rise of wages, a lowering of the work period (13 to 2 p.m.), a limitation of the number of the apprentices (1539 and 1569).

September 18th: Louis IV of Nevers, noble Italian-French, duke of Nevers and Rethel († October 23rd 1595, 56 years)

February 13rd: Isabelle d' Este, noble Italian, First Lady of the Rebirth (° May 18th 1474)
nonwell informed or unknown Dates :

Gurû Nanak (born in 1469), founder of the new religion of the Sikh S (disciples) with the Panjab. He preached the fundamental unit of all the religions and wanted to harmonize the material life and the spiritual life. Its disciple Angad succeeds the September 7th to him (fine in 1552).
Pordenone, Italian painter (born in 1483)

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