1518

This page relates to the year 1518 Calendrier Julien.

Events

May 1st: Spanish Juan de Grijalva, nephew of Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, governor of Cuba, explores the peninsula of the Yucatan. He discovers the existence of the empire Aztèque.

Charles Quint interdict with the Conversos of Spain to embark for the Western Indies.

the Turkish Corsair Aldine Khayr Barberousse place Algiers under the protection of the Othoman sultan.

the Spaniards counteract against the Barberousse brothers. `Arudj and its young Ishak brother is killed in the engagements.
Aldine Khayr, the younger brother of Arudj is charged by the Turks with continuing the operations with the the Maghreb. It obtains the title of beylerbey of the Othoman sultan Sélim Ier and places the Algérie under its protectorate (fine in 1546). It receives important reinforcements as men and out of weapon and delivers itself to piracy in the Mediterranean. It will be the ally of the France against Charles Quint.

Ethiopia: Assassination of the sultan of the Adal Mohammed. The country is plunged in anarchy.

In India, Qulî Qutb Shâh founds Golconde.
Rânâ Sânga, sovereign of the Mewâr (the Rajasthan), overcomes the sultan of the Mâlvâ, which had the support of that of the Gujerat. This victory enables him to annex part of its territories.

February 5th: Charles Quint receives the homage of the the Cortes of Castille.
March 22nd: Recording forced of the Legal settlement of Bologna of 1516 by the Parliament of Paris.
April 18th: Bona Sforza, wife of Sigismond Ier the Old man, is crowned queen of Poland.
April 27th: The sovereign évêché of Liege passes a treaty of protectorate with Charles Quint.
May 2nd: François Ier authorizes the marriage of Laurent II of Médicis and Madeleine of the Tower of Auvergne to Amboise. By this union, the king becomes allied of the pope Leon X.
July 16th: Manual Ier of Portugal wife Eléonore (1498-1558), sister of Charles Quint, which gives him a girl, Marie of Portugal.
July 27th: Christian II of Denmark is beaten in Brännkyrka, close to Stockholm. It sets out again with the Denmark with six hostages, of which Gustav Eriksson Vasa and the bishop Henning Gadh, to prepare a new campaign. The pope throws the interdict on the kingdom of Sweden because of the treatment inflicted with the archbishop of Uppsala. Christian uses this pretext to legitimate his action in Sweden. To finance the war, it hopes to seize the money mines of the Bergland. While waiting, it seizes the treasure of the Indulgence S which has just piled up the representative of the pope Arcimboldi.
October 3rd: Treaty of London. Peace enters France, England, papacy, the Empire, Spain and the Netherlands.

Maximilien Ier convenes a general diet of the Austrian countries with Innsbruck which leads to the promise of the various countries to link their efforts in the event of external danger. It tries to make elect king of the Romans his grandson to the diet of Augsburg. He dies a few months afterwards.

In Poland, the complaints of the peasants against their lord are not received any more in justice (law of Sigismond Ier of Poland).
War of the Russia against the Poland and the Lithuania (fine in 1522).

Jacques of Beaune, baron of Semblançay becomes general inspector of finances in France (end in 1527).

7 - October 12th: With Augsburg, vis-a-vis the pontifical legate Thomas Cajetan, general of the Dominican S, Luther affirms the superiority of the writing on the authority of the pope. Invited has suddenly abjured its remarks in Rome, it does not go there. It is excommunicated, and the pope Leon X denounces 41 of his 95 theses.
December 11th: The chapter of Zurich elects the preacher Ulrich Zwingli with the cure of the cathedral.

Preaching in Sweden of Olaf and Laurent Petersen, (Olaus and Laurentinus $petri), formed at the university of Wittenberg. They publish twelve theses where the principal ideas of Luther are exposed. The movement of reform does not meet any resistance.
In England, the cardinal Thomas Wolsey implements, like Légat of the pope, an ecclesiastical reform which will be followed little.

In Germany, Johannes Trithemius publishes Polygraphia the first treaty of Cryptographie.
the Jewish editor Gershom Soncino (death in 1534 with Salonique) takes the first mark of printer, the tower of Rimini, symbol of the tower of David or the Jewish faith from now on brought to the world.

Portrait with the charcoal of Maximilien by Albrecht To last.
Raphaël painted “ the Madonna Sixtine ”.
Titien painted “ the assumption of the Virgin ”.
the retable Pala Pucci , fabric of the Pontormo.
the Orgy , fabric of the Titien.
the painter Andrea del Sarto is called at the court of François Ier, which charges it with buying for its account of the works of art in Italy. It returns to Florence in 1519 and uses the money at other ends.

to ensure its monopoly, Venice requires conveyers at the beginning of Candie, of Napoli di Romania, Corfou and Dalmatie, which it cannot leave the known as places without constituting deposits, guaranteeing that their goods would be taken along to Venice. The Istrie, forgotten by the payment, passes of frankness from the basic fabrics quality manufactured in Istrie and Dalmatie which are output with the fair of Recanati.

June 7th: the Savage, chancellor of Charles Quint. Piedmontese the Mercurio Gattinara replaces it (fine in 1530).
Kabir (born in 1450), in India, which brought closer the Islamic religions and Hindou (Bhakti) (discussed date).
Arudj Barberousse
Muhammad Amin, khan of Kazan, causing a successional crisis between Russians and Criméens.

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