1513

This page relates to the year 1513 Calendrier Julien.

Events

America

April 2nd: The Spaniard Juan Sandpapers of León, party of Puerto Rico, discovers the Florida and the Gulf Stream.

Ponce of León is sent by Nicolás de Ovando to conquer the islands Bimini with the the Bahamas. It reaches then the Florida, which it asserts for Spain. It runs up against particularly combative natives and must leave the country precipitately. It goes to Spain in 1514 and receives there from the king the title of adelentado ensuring to him the fruit of its future conquests. It turns over to Florida in 1515 and dies under the arrow of an Indian (according to other sources, it would have died in Juana in 1521).

September 6th - September 26th: The Spanish conquistador Vasco Núñez de Balboa, governor of the Darién, is the first European to see the Pacific Ocean, after having crossed the isthmus of Panama with Francisco Pizarro.
September 29th: Vasco Núñez de Balboa takes officially possession of the South Sea on behalf of the crown of Spain.

Arrived of the first Black slaves at Cuba

Africa

February 9th: Pedro de Mascarenhas discovers the Mascareignes and baptizes the Réunion name of the Saint of the day, Santa Apollonia .

The Middle East

Failure of the Portuguese in front of Aden.

Europe

March 4th: A decree of the king de Pologne Sigismond Ier '' the Old man '' grants to Piła the statute of city and the same municipal rights that the inhabitants of Magdeburg obtained.
March 11th: The cardinal Giovanni di Lorenzo de Médicis, wire of Laurent de Médicis, is elected Pape and becomes the 217e Pape of the Catholic church, under the name of Leon X (fine of the Pontificat in 1521). He rests on Florence and creates a principality including/understanding Parma, Plaisance and Modena.
March 14th: Venice gives up the Sainte League and approaches France.
April 5th: the Ligue Malignant gathers Maximilien Ier, Henri VIII and Ferdinand II of Aragon against the France.
April 18th: Denis Briçonnet is named bishop of Saint-Malo. It will remain it until its death in 1535.
May: The French take again Milan and seize Alexandria.
June 6th: Battle of Novare; French defeat. Louis II of Trémoille and Trivulce, put in rout by the Swiss S of Maximilien Sforza, passes by again in France.
June 30th: Henry VIII unloads close to Calais.
July 22nd: Beginning of the reign of Christian II (1481 - 1559), king of Denmark (fine in 1523). It is allied with the Habsbourg by its marriage with Isabelle, sister of Charles Quint. It can thus fight against the Hanséates by resting on their rivals Dutch.
August 16th: Battle of Guinegatte, close to Saint-Omer: the French cavalry flees in front of the forces of Henry VIII of England during the “day of the Spurs” where the marshal of Palice is made prisoner.
August 22nd: Catch of Thérouanne by Henri VIII.
Bayard is taken in Picardy.
August: The Swiss ones invade the Burgundy.
September 7th: sit of Dijon by the Swiss ones.
Retirement in Navarre of Jean d' Albret in front of the troops of Ferdinand II of Aragon. The duke of Alba seizes the Iberian part of the kingdom of Navarre and the Pyrenees become the border.
September 14th: Treaty of Dijon, besieged by the imperial ones. Louis II of Trémoille buys the departure of the Suisse S at price of money and with territorial concessions not ratified by the king by Louis XII.
November 16th: Reconciliation of the France with the Spain.
December 18th: Reconciliation with the Pope Leon X: Louis XII repudiates the council of Pisa and rejoins the pro-pontifical theses of the Ve council of Lateran; dissolution of the Holy League.

Andrea Doria (1466 - 1560) becomes general captain of the galères with Genoa.
Autos-da-fe in Sicily (39 burned victims).

British Isles

September 9th: Battle of Flodden Field between the England and the Scotland; English victory of the Count de Surrey; the king Jacques IV ( James IV ) of Scotland is killed. The Scottish nobility is decimated.
September 21st: Advent of Jacques V ( James V ), king of Scotland (fine in 1542). Regency of John, duke of Albany.

Carret OY, becomes governor ( deputy ) of Ireland out of ground gaëlle with died of his/her father Carret Mor.
Henri VIII of England balance in France 6000 Lansquenet S German and 1000 gendarmes of the Netherlands. It sends a task force in Aragon.

Holy roman Empire

the canton of Appenzell joint with the Swiss Confederation. The Eternal Ligue Suisse includes/understands 13 cantons.
Failure of a rising of peasants in Brisgau ordered by Joß Fritz.
the orders of Low-Austria acquire of the old palate Liechtenstein in Herrengasse with Vienna ( Landhaus ).
Albert de Hohenzollern becomes archbishop of Magdeburg and bishop of Halberstadt.

Art & culture

humanistic the Reuchlin, which refused to let proceed to the destruction by the fire of the books Juifs required by the Inquisition of Mainz and condemned. It calls upon Rome. The business trails and gives place to publications of lampoons against the Dominicain S (Ulrich von Hutten).
Nicolas Machiavel ( Niccolo Machiavelli ) written his chief of work, the Prince , which exposes art and the manner of controlling while playing skilfully of the popular feelings by means of a policy stripped of scruples.

Paradises of the heart of Biernat de Lublin, first book printed in Poland by Ungler.
the Knight, death and the devil (1513), Holy Jerome being studied (1514) and Melencolia (1514) engravings on copper of Albrecht To last.
the Assumption of the Virgin realized by Rosso Fiorentino for the small cloister of Santissima Annunziata of Florence whose first version is refused by the brothers.
Raphaël decorates the loggias with the the Vatican (fine in 1518).

Science & technology

Economy & company

French piracy threatens Portuguese navigation.
New authorized definition of the Wear, with the council of Lateran: “It is necessary to understand by wear the profit and the profit claimed without work, expenditure, or risk, for the use of a thing which is not productive. ” (this new definition authorizes in fact the ready with interest by Christians, returning on the interdict affirmed by several precedents Concile S).

Births in 1513

Jacques Daléchamps, French botanist († 1588)

Death in 1513

February 21st: died of the Pope Jules II.
September 9th: Jacques IV of Scotland at the time of the Battle of Flodden Field

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