1499

This page relates to the year 1499 Calendrier Julien.

Events

May - September: Forwarding of Alonso de Ojeda, Juan of Cosa and Amerigo Vespucci along the coasts of the Venezuela and of Guyana. They reach the Northern coast of the Brésil.
November 19th: Vicente Pinzón share of Palos. It goes from the Guyana to the mouth of the the Amazon and with the north of the Brésil (January 1500).

Vasco de Gama establishes the first connection between Lisbon and Calicut by circumventing the Africa. This company is facilitated by the disagreements which oppose the various Arab counters of the African coast, which decline as from the 16th century.

July 22nd, Wars of Souabe: Battle of Dornach. Victoire of the Swiss S against Maximilien Ier and the League of Souabe.
August 25th: Battle of Zonchio in the war of the Othoman against Venice in Morée (fine in 1502). The Turkish fleet counts 200 galères. The Turks, victorious, seize Naupacte, Navarin, Méthone and Crotona between 1499 and 1500.
September 22nd: Treaty of Basle marking independence de facto Swiss Cantons with respect to the Empire.

November 23rd: Execution of Perkin Warbeck, claiming with the throne of England by Henri VII of England.
November 28th: The count de Warwick is condemned to died and carried out for plot (maintains a private army). Its goods are confiscated with the profit of the crown of England.

April 20th: Royal decree prohibiting the new Christians from leaving the Portugal without a special permit.
September 18th: Vasco de Gama returns to Lisbon. The reception is triumphal. In a letter in Rome, Manuel Ier of Portugal gives itself the titles of “Lord of Guinea and the conquest of the navigation and the trade of Ethiopia, Arabia and India”.

popular Riots against the Conversos with the Portugal.
Rising of the Mudéjares, Moslem Spanish converted under the Arab domination (1499 - 1501). Their rechristianisation will be carried out under the constraint.
Between 1499 and 1783, a dozen laws at least are promulgated in Spain to prohibit the costume, the language and the habits Romanian and to try a forced assimilation.

January 7th: Louis XII recognizes Breton freedoms. He shows a rare leniency with respect to his old adversaries, then launches out in the Italian adventure, pushed by his rights on the heritage of the Visconti.
January 8th: Marriage with Nantes (Loire-Atlantique) of the King de France Louis XII with the duchess Anne of Brittany, widow of Charles VIII.
February: François of Angouleme is made duke of Valois.
April: Creation of the Parliament of Rouen.

Ordinance improving justice and codifying the habits under the impulse of the cardinal of Amboise.
Occupation partial of the Corsica by France (end in 1511).

February 9th: Treaty of Blois: Alliance of Louis XII with Venice and Florence.
March 16th: Treaty of Lucerne between Louis XII and the Suisse S. the king of France also rejoins the Savoy and the Pape and raises 23 000 men (including 5000 Swiss).
July 18th: The French Army , directed by the condottiere Trivulce, Marshal of France, penetrates in the Milanais.
Taken Genoa by French.
August 12th: Victoire of the Turks on the Venetian fleet with Sapienza (Italy). Pirates Turkish devastate the Dalmatian coast until the Istrie.
September 14th: Fall of Milan, taken first once without blow to férir. The family Sforza is driven out of Milan by the French troops. Milan being a stronghold of empire, Maximilien Ier intervenes. Louis XII names Trivulce governor of Milan, but this one is made very unpopular.

June 13rd: Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros, archbishop of Tolède, founds the university of Alcalá to fight against religious ignorance. It made there teach the Theology, the Greek , the Hebrew by scientists of Salamanque and Paris.
November 5th: impression of the Catholicon by Jehan Calvez. It is about the first trilingual dictionary of the world Breton-French-Latin, written by Jehan Lagadeuc in 1464. It is also the first dictionary of French as well as the first dictionary of Breton of the History.
December: The Songe of Poliphile of Francesco Colonna appears at Aldo Manuce.

Thomas More, man of law close to humanistic enters in the Carthusian monks. He gives up four years later the life monacale and enters to the Parliament in 1504.
Stay of Erasme to Cambridge and Oxford. Its ideas of moral reform and strict observance of the principles of the Gospel are spread in the cultivated English company. The meeting of Thomas More and Érasme with Oxford is the beginning of a long friendship.
Tragi-comedy of Calixte and Mélibée or Célestine , allotted to Spanish Fernando de Rojas (v.1465-v.1541).
the confessor of the queen Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros makes burn with Grenade the manuscripts Arab S.
First translation integral of the Bible in Slavon by the archbishop of Novgorod, Gennadi, with an aim of fighting against the sect of the “judaïsants”.

the price of the Poivre doubled with Venice because of the war against the Turks.

January 8th: Marriage of Louis XII and Anne, duchess of Brittany, widow of Charles VIII.

January 6th: Jean de Longueval, governor of Arleux, adviser and chamberlain of the Duke of Burgundy then of Louis XI, captain of the archers of Antoine of Burgundy. (° v. 1438).
August 29th: Alesso Baldovinetti, painter and mosaïste Florentin. (° 1425).
October 1st: Marsile Ficin ( Marsilio Diotifeci , known as Marsilio Ficino ), Platonic, humanistic philosopher and theologist Tuscan famous for his comments of Plato, he was the Platonic schoolmaster of Florence. (° 1433).

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