This page relates to the year 1475 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Africa

• After ten years of campaigns, the king of the Songhaï Sonni Ali Ber enters as a triumphant victor his capital Gao.

Asia

• Beginning of the reign of Gyalwa Gendün Gyatso, second Dalaï Lama of the Tibet, named retroactively (fine in 1542).

Western Europe

• January 15th: Award of Segovia specifying the rights of Isabelle the Catholic and Ferdinand. Isabelle grants nevertheless in April an absolute right on the Castille to her husband.

• July: Edouard IV of England, combined Burgundy, unloads with Calais with 23  000 men. Louis XI buys his withdrawal and signs the Traité of Picquigny.

• August 29th: The Traité of Picquigny puts definitively fine at the Guerre One hundred Year old. Marguerite of Anjou is released against ransom.

• October 14th: The Swiss Confédérés declare the war with the count de Romont, combined the Burgundian ones.

• December 19th: Louis of Luxembourg (Count of Saint-pol., born in 1418) constable of France, is decapitated in place of Strike in Paris for treason by his/her brother-in-law Louis XI after his judgment by the Parlement of Paris.

• Charles Bold the share with the conquest of the Lorraine but is put in failure at the seat of Neuss.
• Louis XI of France occupies the Cerdagne and the Roussillon.

Eastern Europe

• January 10th: Etienne IV of Moldavie says Etienne Large the, prince of Moldavie demolishes the Othoman Turks of Suleyman Pasha to the Bataille of Vaslui (Rahova).

• February 12th: The diet of Prague decides that the crown of Bohemia returns to Ladislas II Jagellon, putting an end to the war between the Poland and the Hungary.

• April 24th: Mathias Corvin convenes the Hungarian diet with Buda and made raise a gold guilder by hearth to carry out the fight against the Turks. He asks subsidies to the pope Sixte IV and Venice.

• June: The Othoman Turks seize the the Crimea. The khan tatar of the Crimea Mengli Girey Ier must recognize their vassal. Genoa loses Caffa and its counters in Black Sea, of which Akkerman and Kilia. The merchants of Lemberg, in Lithuania lose their access to the Black Sea. The Othoman S encourage their new allies the Tatars of the Crimea to razzier the Polish countries to draw some from the slaves.

• July 12th: To resist, Etienne de Moldavie is put under the protection of the king of Hungary Mathias Corvin.
• the Turks take Samos.

• Revolt of Novgorod. Intervention of the Muscovites.
• Embassy of Ivan III of Persian Moscow in , with an aim of probing the possible allied ones for an action against the Horde of Gold.

Art & culture

• Jubilee. Sixte IV withdraws the town planning of the prerogatives of the commune of Rome. He undertakes to facilitate the communications between the the Vatican and the city, develops and protects Borgo from the Vatican, and opens passages towards the center of Rome since the door of the People, place of arrival of the Flaminia way in North and the majority of the pilgrims. He rebuilds forty churches and founds of them seven news, of which Holy-Marie-of-People and Holy-Marie-of-the-Peace. He builds the first modern bridge on the the Tiber, the Sisto bridge.

• June 15th: Bubble AD decorem militantis Ecclesiae . Opening to the public of the library vaticane, largest of the time.

• Stanzas for the tournament , lyric poetries of Angel Politien (1475 - 1478, published in 1494).
• Hebraic Printing works established with Reggio di Calabria by Abraham Ben Garton Ben Itzhak.
• First book published in Hebrew, a comment of Rashi on the Pentateuque.

• Foundation of Saint-Jean-of-Kings with Tolède.
• Julien de Médicis (1475-1476), portrait of Sandro Botticelli.
• Scenes of the life of Santa Fina , table of Domenico Ghirlandaio.
• Martin Schongauer constructs a whole of twelve engravings on the topic of the Passion of Christ .
• Triptyque Gives or Vierge to the child with saints and givers of Hans Memling.

Economy & company

• Striking of the ecu of gold in France. The book tournaments is equivalent to 22 G of money.
• the imports of salt are multiplied by six with Rouen between 1475 and 1515.
• Rise of the trade to the Netherlands which with doubled since 1400.
• the Othoman sultan Mehmet II orders to recopy all the charters of donation on registers, with mention of all the incomes of the conceded goods, in order to remove the embezzlements and vexations, in particular in the European territories of the Empire where the Christian peasants are oppressed.
• the first coffee, Kiva Han, opens with Constantinople.

Births in 1475

• March 6th: Michel-Angel ( Michelangelo Buonarroti ), sculptor, painter, architect and Italian poet. († February 18th 1564).

• September 13rd: César Borgia, prince Italy N of the Rebirth, general and Italian statesman, wire of the pope Alexandre VI. († March 12th 1507).
• December 11th: Leon X ( Giovanni di Lorenzo de Médicis ), wire of Laurent de Médicis, 217 {{E}} pope of the Catholic church. († February 1st 1521).

• nonwell informed or unknown Dates :

• Jean Clouet of the painter, miniaturist and draftsman, with Brussels (or 1480).
• Pizarro (or in 1471), Conquistador Spanish, colonizer of the Peru and victorious of the Incas.

Death in 1475

• March 20th: Georges Chastellain, literary man and Flemish poet.

• September 8th: Alain of the Rock, monk (born v. 1428).
• December 10th: Paolo di Dono, known as Paolo Uccello, Italian painter, with Florence.
• December 19th: Louis of Luxembourg, also known under the name of constable of Saint-pol..

• Dierick Ends, Flemish painter (born v. 1415).

Be-X-old: 1475 Map-bms: 1475 Simple: 1475