1450

This page relates to the year 1450 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Apogee of the empire Songhaï.
the king Alphonse V of Aragon tries to come into contact with Négus of Ethiopia Zara Yacoub. It wishes to constitute an alliance strengthened by an exchange of marriages, to take Egypt out of clipper. The project fails.

February 11th: Bogdan II of Moldavie passes a treaty of fidelity and alliance with Jean Hunyadi. A Polish army intervenes twice in Moldavie but is pushed back in March and in September.

March 25th: End of the Republic Ambrosienne. The son-in-law of Filippo Maria Visconti, Francesco Sforza (1401 -1466) becomes duke of Milan (fine in 1466). He continues the work of the Visconti and delivers a war without thank you to Florence and Venice.

May 8th - July 12th: The Révolte of Jack Cade fails in England. John Cade (known as Jack) raises the Kent against Henri VI of England, while being made pass for a family member royal. He is killed nine days after being itself seized London.

August 2nd: Christian Ier of Denmark is made crown king de Norvège with Trondheim by a German bishop in competition with Charles VIII of Sweden (fine in 1481).

One second conference interscandinave meets in Halmstad and confirms the decisions of 1438. The Union of Kalmar will be restored as soon as one of the rivals dies.

Victoire of Georges de Podiebrady on the catholics in Bohemia. He is recognized by Frederic III and the diet of Bohemia.

January 1st: Catch of Harfleur by Charles VII with the hands of the English.
January 5th: Agnes Sorel, enclosure, joined the king with the abbey of Jumièges. She dies the February 11th.
April 15th: French Victoire on the English with the Battle of Formigny.
April 24th: Gilles of Brittany, brother of the duke François Ier of Brittany, is assassinated by Olivier de Méel.
June 24th: The English governor of Caen capitulates to the troops of the Connétable of Richemont, the count de Clermont and Dunois, which completes the conquest of the Normandy after the victory of Formigny.
August 12th: Cherbourg is taken again with the English.
October 28th: An ordinance gives the faithful subjects of the king in possession of the goods of which they have summers deprived during the war.
October: Charles VII removes Bergerac with king d' Angleterre.

Last offensive of Dimitri Chemiaka against Moscow, pushed back with the assistance of Tver. Chemiaka takes refuge with Novgorod.
Foundation of the monastery of the Islands Solovetski (White Sea) by Barlaam and Germain, disciples of Serge de Radonège.

Publication of the Layman ( Idiota ) of Nicolas of CUSE.
One organizes the Bibliothèque Vaticane. Nicolas V entrusts to Domenico Alberti the responsibility to alter the town planning of Rome.
Arnoul Gréban begins its Mystère of Passion .
Jean Fouquet produces a Livre of Hours enluminé.
Lorenzo Ghiberti writes its Commentaires .
Diptych intended for the vault of Etienne Knight to Melun ( Portrait of Etienne Knight introduced by saint Virgin Etienne and to the Child , undoubtedly a portrait of Agnes Sorel.
Temple of Malatesta, with Rimini, of Alberti.
the Flood, scenes of the life of Noah realized by Paolo Uccello for Chiostro Verde de Santa Maria Novella with Florence.
Worship of the Magi of Van der Weyden (v.1450).

Johann Gutenberg improves printing works by the use of mobile natures and prints on its presses a school handbook.
About this year, the conversion of the reciprocating motion moving rotary by eccentric, rod and piston is used in Europe.
Tholden describes for the first time the Antimoine.

the Jubilé of 1450 brings to Rome a considerable flood pilgrims. More than one hundred people are killed during a sway in the crowd on the bridge Saint-Angel.
the Senate of Venice then includes/understands 120 elected members, to which the Council of the Forty and the Consiglio Minor are added, or Seigniory. Its attributions relate to primarily the foreign politics, the choice of the ambassadors, national defense.
the Venetian families Thurn und Taxis set up a postal service for the Saint Empire.
the Venetian merchant Andrea Barbarigo, which began its career in 1420 with 200 ducats, has 15 of it; 000 in 1450 and his/her son 27 000 in 1500. Like the other merchants, it does not reinvest systematically any more in the trade. Gradually, it buys grounds and is transformed into owner shareholder.
Spain: Two factions oppose Barcelona: the Busca (“straw”), which gathers the corporations of merchants and craftsmen claiming of protectionist measurements and the devaluation to reduce the debts and to start again the businesses. The Bisca , “the beam”, representing the large merchants who wish stability to guarantee their placements. The Busca , victorious, calls some with the king, as well as the Catalan peasants, with the catches with their lords.
In France, the royal army counts 10 000 with 15 000 men in times of peace.
Budget of the State in France: 75 tons of money equivalent.
Of the ships started from Bristol visits the the Canaries and the the Azores.

February 11th: Agnes Sorel, mistress of Charles VII, king de France
May 18th: Sejong Large the, king of the dynasty Korea Chosŏn (° 1397).
July 26th: François Ier of Brittany, known as “ the Beloved ” or “ the Fratricide ”, duke of Brittany, 1442 at 1450.
September 16th: Louis Aleman, archbishop of Arles, the Plague to Living room-of-Provence.
Robert Dunstable, English musician.

Be-X-old: 1450 Map-bms: 1450

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