1447

This page relates to the year 1447 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Génois Antonio Malfante course the the Sahara starting from Sijilmâsa. He is the first European to traverse the Touat.

Tibet : Construction of the monastery of Tashilhunpo, seat of the Panchen Lama at the 17th century.

March 12th: Bursting of the empire of Tamerlan ( Timour Lenk ) with died of Shah Rukh, the India, the Persian and the Afghanistan gain their independence.

the pope Eugene IV receives the delegates of sixty German princes come to make their tender, provided that he recognizes the superiority of the councils on the pope. Eugene IV gives them satisfaction by declaring that he “embraces and venerates the Concile of Constancy, the decree Frequens and all its decrees, as all the other councils which represent the militant Catholic church. A few days later it publishes a bubble in which it affirms not to have wanted by its concessions to derogate from the authority and the privileges of the Roman seat. He dies (February 23rd) and the cardinal Tommaso Parentuccelli succeeds to him (March 8th).

June 25th: Beginning of the reign of Casimir IV (Kazimierz) Jagellon, king of Poland (fine in 1492).

Alliance enters the Lithuania and the Poland. Creation of a diet of the Grand Duchy on the Polish model. The right of the Polish State is introduced in Lithuania.
Casimir Jagellon restores the order disturbed before its advent, ensures the safety of the Eastern border by signing an agreement with Moscow, extends the radiation of its country while placing two of its sons on the thrones of Hungary and of Bohemia, supports economic prosperity thanks to the rise of the port of Dantzig and made Université of Cracow a hearth of Humanisme.

Be: Vlad Dracul of Valachie, in conflict with the voïévode of Transylvania Jean Hunyadi, decides to make peace with the sultan with Andrinople. He closes his country with the Hungarian currency, causing the intervention of Hunyadi in the south of Carpates.
July 20th: The emperor Frederic III orders to the burgomaster Basle to remove the safe conducts granted to the members of the council.
July 27th: Jacques Cœur, Minister of Finance of the king Charles VII of France, is the instigator of an ordinance deciding, for the first time since 1370, the striking of silver coins of good quality, to fine money 92%, which created what one called the “ Gros of Jacques Cœur ”.
August 14th:

Republic Ambrosienne (fine in 1450). Milan independent with died of the last of the Visconti, Filippo Maria.
the house of Orleans claims Milan in heritage.

September 3rd: Wanting to avoid the division of the Duchy of Milan, the République Ambrosienne calls its citizens with the weapons and fact call to François Sforza.
November 23rd - December 4th: Vlad Dracul is captured and carried out with his/her Mircea oldest son. Jean Hunyadi place Vladislav II on the throne of Valachie (fine in 1456).

Signature of the Legal settlement of Frankfurt.
Interview in the island of Gotland between Christophe III of Denmark and Karl Knutsson Plug, in the presence of the ex king Eric de Poméranie. A one year truce is concluded.
Christophe of Bavaria grants privileges to the Hanseatic city of Rostock for its counters of Tönsberg and Oslo, in Norway.
Plague in Greece.

the painter Enguerrand Quarton, originating in the diocese of Laon, in the north of France settles with Avignon after having resided at Aix-en-Provence, then with Arles.
Comments , of Lorenzo Ghiberti (fine in 1448) which informs us on the life and the art of its time.
Construction of the Tempio malatestiano ordered by Sigismondo Malatesta with the architect Leon Battista Alberti (fine in 1468). Alberti renovates the Gothic church San Francesco (fine in 1468).
FRA Angelico, with its pupil Bennozo Gozzoli, painted frescos for the cathedral of Orvieto.
Scenes of the life of Etienne and Laurent (1447-1449), frescos of FRA Angelico.
Filarète leaves Rome, remains with Florence (1448) and with Venice (1449), before settling with Milan where Francesco Sforza, on the recommendation of Pierre de Médicis, invites it to introduce into the city the innovations of the Renaissance. The majority of works of this period disappeared (turn of the castle, triumphal arch, cathedral of Bergamo, etc). Only remain the major Hospital and a treaty of architecture dedicated to F. Sforza, reporting the construction of a Utopia, “ Sforzinda ”.

With the Palate Pitti, the chart of the world génoise is drawn up.
Ulugh Beg is a poet, musician, philosopher, mathematician and especially famous astronomer.

Stagnation of the farm prices and rise of the wages in England. The fall of the incomes of the nobility (- 10% on average at the 14th century) is accentuated: in Mersh Gibbon, a manor of the duke of Suffolk, the fall is of more than one third of 1395 at 1447. Tenures are empty, certain creditors refuse to pay their royalties and the arrears accumulate.

Vlad Dracul, in reaction to the successive depreciations of the Hungarian currency (the Wallachian ducat is aligned on the Hungarian sum of money since 1424), which penalizes the economy of the Valachie, endeavors to stop the export of the good currencies and the noble metal towards the Hungary, and prohibits the massive entry of the faded currencies. It enters in conflict with the Saxon merchants of Brasov and Sibiu, in Transylvania, then with Jean Hunyadi.

February 23rd: Eugene IV (Gabriele Condulmer), monk Italian Benedictine, pope of 1431 at 1447. (° with Venice in 1383).
March 6th: Holy Colette (or Nicole) of Corbie, with Ghent (born in 1381), reforming of the Clarisse S.
March 12th: Shah Rukh, large emir timouride and more young person wire of Tamerlan.
August 13rd: Philippe Marie Visconti, with Milan, to which Charles of Orleans was the legitimate heir.

Masolino da Panicale, Italian painter (Tommaso di Cristoforo Fini, 1383 - v. 1447), who carried out most of his works in collaboration with Masaccio.

Be-X-old: 1447 Map-bms: 1447

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