This page relates to the year 1431 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Africa

• Papacy tries to establish bonds with the emperor of Ethiopia by the channel of the Ethiopian monks of Jerusalem. She wishes to find in him an ally to release the Egypt Moslems.

Americas

• Beginning of the reign of Nezahualcóyotl, king of Texcoco.
• Construction of the royal palace of Texcoco by 200  000 Acolhuas with the Mexico.
• Tenochtitlan, built by the Mexicas becomes the city-State dominant in central Mexico.

Asia

• the armies thaïes destroy the capital khmère of Angkor Thom.

Europe

• March 3rd: Nephew by his mother of Gregoire XII, Gabriele Condulmer is elected pope, becoming the 207e pope of the Catholic church, under the name of Eugene IV. (end of pontificate in 1447).

• July 1st: Modeste victory of the Castilians carried out by Alvaro de Luna over the Nasrides to the Battle of Higueruela.
• July 23rd: Opening of the ecumenical seventeenth council with Basle (fine in 1449).
• - August 14th, Bohemia: A news crusade against the hussites convened by the pope Martin V is crushed. The Concile of Basle is ready to negotiate after the failure of the crusade (October 15th).
• October 15th: The council invites the Hussite S to begin the negotiations.
• December 14th: The council continues higher than the pope and confirms the decree Frequens returned with Constance.
• December 18th: Eugene IV, pretexting a weak participation, dissolves the council, but supported by Sigismond, it continues to sit. In December 1433, Eugene IV will have to recognize the nullity of its decision and the legitimacy of the council.

• War between Genoa and Venice: the Venetian ones claim to drive out Génois of Chios and Cyprus.
• a movement of the Lollard S is crushed in England. Their influence is exerted from now on only in popular environments, without never disappearing completely.

France

• February 21st: Jeanne d' Arc appears in front of its judges with Rouen for the opening of sound lawsuit.
• March 17th: End of the lawsuit of Jeanne d' Arc.
• May 23rd: A bubble of the Pape Eugene IV authorizes the creation of the Université of Poitiers, wanted by the king Charles VII to reward the fidelity which the Poitou had always shown him.
• May 29th: Jeanne d' Arc is condemned to Rouen to be burned alive like Hérétique and Sorcière by the bishop of Beauvais Pierre Cauchon.
• May 30th: Jeanne d' Arc is led on one to rough-hew prepared on the current place of the Old man-market with Rouen and burned alive.
• July 2nd: Battle of Bulgnéville.
• July 4th: The father Jean Seriously, large inquisitor of France, which took share with the lawsuit of Jeanne d' Arc, comes to Paris to dirty his memory in a sermon pronounced with the church Saint-Martin-of-Fields.
• September 3rd: Jean V, duke of Brittany, recognizes by a charter the seniority of the Franchise S and Privilège S from the inhabitants of the Marches of Poitou and Brittany .
• December 16th: Henri VI of England is crowned king de France with Paris by the cardinal Henri of Beaufort.

• nonwell informed or unknown Dates

• Hire is made prisoner while trying to deliver the virgin but it succeeds in escaping.

Balkans

• June 1st: daN II of Valachie is killed in a combat against the Turks, which put on the throne an illegitimate son of Mircea Old the, Aldea, which takes the name of Alexandre Aldea and becomes voïévode of Valachie (fine in 1436).
• Vlad Dracul, another son of Mircea which received Sigismond the title of prince de Valachie and was allowed in the Ordre of the Dragon, must be satisfied with the defense of the southernmost border of the Transylvania and settles with Sighisoara, where it obtains the right to strike currency.
• Alexandre Aldea of Valachie concluded from alliances with Sigismond from Hungary and the prince Alexandre the Good from Moldavie and refuses to pay tribute with the Othoman . Those launch a forwarding and take the fortresses of Giugiu and Turnu on the the Danube. Aldea must go to Andrinople to conclude an alliance with Murat II. It is committed to pay the tribute and leaving the passage to the Othoman armies. It leaves many hostages and obtains the freedom of 3000 prisoners.

• In Greece, the Turks reach the Isthme of Corinth.

Arts & cultures

• Platform of the cantors realized for the cathedral of Florence by Luca Della Robbia (fine in 1438).

• humanistic the Lorenzo Valla publishes voluptate and gives an opinion in a series of writings against the temporal power of the pope.

Births in 1431

• : Rodrigo Borgia († 1503), pope of 1492 with 1503 under the name of Alexandre VI.

• December: Vlad III Empaleur, prince of Valachie.
• François Villon, French poet.
• With Padoue, Andrea Mantegna, painter and Italian engraver.

Death in 1431

• January 25th: Charles II of Lorraine, duke of Lorraine (* v. 1365/1366).

• February 20th: Martin V.
• May 30th: Jeanne d' Arc (born in 1412).
• Stanisław de Skarbimierz

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