140s

This list includes/understands the concentration camps, the Concentration camps of young people, the death camps, camps of transit and various other similar camps of the period of the Third Reich.

Concentration camps of the years 1930

The first concentration camps (before often called “wild” concentration camps) are all the camps which after the takeover by Adolf Hitler were created, in a nonsystematic way and under conditions different of fastening, to eliminate the political opponents with the Nazisme. Characteristics of the majority of these camps is their existence for the rather short majority, their construction always former to the creation of the “inspection of the concentration camps” and their diversified fastening (SA, S, ministry for interior etc). Although some of these camps were integrated later in the system of the concentration camps of the S, one regards them as concentration camps " précoces" when they were built then closed before the release of the Second world war or when their function was modified thereafter. The exception is here the camp of Dachau, which will be the only one of these camps to remain used until the end of the war and will be used as prototype with all the later concentration camps.

Concentration camps of " the Inspection of the camps of concentration" become " administrative and economic central Office of the S "

Concentration camps founded by l'" Inspection of the camps of concentration" and which for the majority remained in function until the end of the war are those which are generally aimed by the generic term of " camp of concentration". According to an order of Himmler, only these camps attached to the Inspection could be thus officially regarded as " camps of concentration" (in German " Konzentrationslager" in summary KZ). Later the Inspection of the concentration camps became l'" administrative and economic central Office of the S " (in German " SS-Wirtschafts- und Verwaltungshauptamt"). This type of camp was characterized apart from the conditions of fastening, by their inherent and common structure copied on the " model of Dachau " : separation of the guard between team of command (which was always divided into virtually identical departments) and guards themselves, existence of a system of assignment of prisoners to functions identified, discriminating hierarchy founded on the social and racial membership (see also the Système of marking Nazi of the prisoners). The payment of the camp worked out in 1933 by Theodor Eicke with Dachau was generalized. The camps set up thereafter (Sachsenhausen or Buchenwald) used the structure of the hutments of Dachau with symmetrical plans. In addition to the principal camps all the additional camps are also listed.