1402

This page relates to the year 1402 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Norman the Jean de Béthencourt and Gadifer of the Room, started from La Rochelle on May 1st, unloads with the the Canaries, installs a European colony there. Jean de Béthencourt remains during three years and ready there homage to the king of Castille in 1403.

the king David Ier of Ethiopia sends a rich person embassy to Venice. In thanks, the doge sends in Ethiopia architects who will build the church of Débra-Ouork.

Beginning of the reign of Chengzu or Yongle (1360 - 1424), uncle of Kung Min Today-Ti, emperor Ming of China (end in 1424). Opened sovereign, it exchanges gifts with Chah Rukh, the successor of Tamerlan, and receives at his court of many embassies.

July 20th: Tamerlan ( Timour lenk ) demolishes the Othoman Turks with the Bataille of Ankara and seizes the sultan Bayezid Ier. The Othomans lose emirates Turkish of Anatolia. Brousse is occupied and plundered. Smyrna, Christian city, is taken and destroyed by Tamerlan. With Sivas, Tamerlan made bury alive 4000 Armenian warriors and makes crush under the shoes of its horses all the children of the city.
Beginning of the Othoman sultanate of Mehmed I Çelebi (until in 1421). Seemingly, the Othoman State is destroyed and in prey with the civil war between wire of Bayezid Ier.

the emirs of Karaman take Konya and take the title of sultan.
Kara Tülluk Osman, sultan of the Ak Koyunlu receives from Tamerlan the area of the Diyarbakir, in Iraq.

June 26th: Battle of Casalecchio (Casalecchio di Reno). Victoire of Gian Galeazzo Visconti on Bologna (Bentivoglio), Florence and their allies.
September 3rd: Giovanni Maria Visconti (1389 - 1412) reign on Milan. The Milanese state is dislocated with dead Gian Galeazzo Visconti of a malignant fever.
September 14th: Battle of Homildon Hill between the English and the Scottish.

Plot of the Hungarian aristocracy carried out by the chancellor János Kanizsai to relieve the king Sigismond of Hungary to the profit of Anjou of Naples. The barons faithful to Sigismond, Parked them at the head, break the plot in 1403. Kanizsai is dislocated as chancellor and replaced by German Eberhard. There remains archbishop of Esztergom before leaving in exile.
the usurper Jean VII Paleologist is driven out Byzantine throne by Manuel II Paleologist and proclaims emperor with Thessalonique.
the defeat of Bayazid with Ancyre against Tamerlan saves Constantinople. Handbook II benefits from the respite to impose itself in Morée.
Antonio Ier Acciaiuoli becomes duke of Athens and Thèbes (fine in 1435).

Jan Hus is named preacher with the Chapelle of Bethlehem, created with Prague by a wishing merchant for the Christians of the reforms. He preaches there successfully and is initially protected by the archbishop and the king. But it is influenced in the writings of the English theologist John Wyclif, of which it discovers works via the English students of the Université Charles of Prague. It borrows to him the theory of the absolute poverty of the Church and rejects many elements of the religious practice, keeping however the authority of the bible. Hus starts to preach for a reform of the Church and defends the idea of an individual interpretation of the Bible, which he undertakes to translate into Czech.

December 10th: Foundation of the University of Wurzbourg.
the construction of the Cathedral of Seville, starting from an old mosque, starts in Spain (fine in 1519).
Arrived craftsmen florentins in Ethiopia.
Bible realized for the duke of Burgundy Philippe Bold the by the Brothers of Limbourg in Paris.

Foundation of the first German bank with Frankfurt.
Stagnation of the farm prices and rise of the wages in France. The fall of the incomes of the nobility is accentuated: in the Paris region, the barn of Cormeilles which brought back 500 pounds in 1369 returns nothing any more but 380 in 1402 from there. That of Gouvieux falls from 330 to 200. Tremblay with an opposite evolution (from 205 to 270), but devastations of the Paris region during the wars of first half of the century will cause an irremediable fall of the agricultural income.
Depopulation in Morée during the 15th century. The waste lands develop. The Venetian ones and the duke of Athens dispute the labor come from Albania for their possessions of Messénie and Eubée.

April 28th: Nezahualcoyotl, which will become sovereign town of Texcoco in Mexico, poet, philosopher and architect.

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