1340

This page relates to the year 1340 Calendrier Julien.

Events

January 26th: Edouard III takes the title of king de France with Ghent.
Mars: The pope Benoît XII gives his support for Philippe VI of Valois in his conflicts with the England.

April 1st: Assassination of the count Gerard III of Holstein, administrator of the kingdom of Denmark. Beginning of the reign of Valdemar IV Atterdag (“the Restorer”, 1320 -1375) king of Denmark (fine in 1375).

Revolt of the Danes carried out by Niels Ebbesen against the count of Holstein, which claims to dominate the Denmark. Valdemar Atterdag, wire of Christophe II of Denmark seizes the power in this context of competition and interior anarchy. It strengthens its authority and is surrounded by vassal faithful. It substitutes a council of the kingdom (Rigsrad) for the assembly of the nobility.

June 24th: naval Battle of the Lock, the English king Edouard III, claiming with the crown of France, destroys the fleet of its rival, Philippe VI of Valois, in the Flemish port of the Lock, downstream from Bruges (Sluis).
September 25th: Truce of the Esplechin-on-Scheldt
October 30th: Battle of Salado gained by the Portuguese and the Castilians against the Mérinides of Fes.

the Juif Astruc Massip de Serres becomes Master of finances and Master of work of the last Dolphin Humbert II.
Début of the war enters the Lithuania and the Poland for the control of the Rus' de Halych-Volodymyr.

the duke of Mazovie Trojden Ier de Czersk, called by the boyards of Halicz (Ruthénie), tries to consolidate its capacity on the area but is assassinated in 1341.

October 30th: The Mérinide Abû Al-Hassan is beaten on ground by the Christians of Spain with Rio Salado (Tarifa).

the prince lao F Ngum, exiled with Angkor, conquers with the assistance of an army khmère of vast territories.

the empire of Vijayanagar in India becomes a center of resistance to Islamization.

Completion of the principal part of the cathedral of Vienna.
Andrea Pisano, assistant of Giotto, succeeds to him as project superintendent of the cathedral of Florence.
the Sienan painter Simone Martini settles as painter of the pontifical court with Avignon at the request of the pope Benoît XII.
Teseida , (1340 - 1341), poem in ottava rima of Boccace.
the type-setter Guillaume de Machaut enters to the service of future king de France, Charles V.
the hermit with the Mont Athos Gregoire Palamas is charged to defend the Hésychasme (mystical of the significant contemplation of God by silence and the immobility) against the monk Barlaam the Calabrian. He composes the Triades on the saints hésychastes .

Close to Liege, developed of a system of bellows, mû by the hydraulic power which makes it possible to send a continuous jet of air on fused metal. The forging mills develop.
Formalization of the Physical principle of inertia by Jean Buridan, vice-chancellor of the university of Paris.

the population of the Ground rises to some 442 million human beings.
65 million inhabitants in Europe.
3,7 million inhabitants in England.
noble metal stocks in Western Europe are assembled roughly to 2000 tons of equivalent money (1000 tons in 1465).
Generalization of the alcabala , sales tax, in Castille.
Prohibition with the Jewish to work Sunday in Navarre (measurement badly applied).
Importation of Algeria in Spain of sheep Merino, with fine wool.
Fall of the great florentins banking institutions.
Famines in Italy.
the customs of the génoise city of Péra, vis-a-vis Constantinople, brings back 200.000 books annually, whereas that of Constantinople perceives only 30.000 books.
Manual of trade carried out by Pegolotti, one of the factors of the Bardi of Florence.

Geoffrey Chaucer poet British having contributed to the fixing of English grammar, and author of the “Tales of Canterbury”.

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