1280

This page relates to the year 1280 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Beginning of the extension of the kingdom of Sukhothai, under the reign of Rowed Kamheng (until in 1318).

Kubilai Khan sends an embassy to Indravarman IV, Maharajah of Kampa (Champa) to require its vassalic fidelity of him. Frightened, this last is ready to accept, but the lords of Kampa prevent it from doing it. The Mongolian invade the country. The capital, Vijaya, fall in 1283, but the Mongolian forces prove to be impotent vis-a-vis the partisans, and must evacuate the country.

the sultan of Delhi Balban intervenes with the Bengal where a Turkish chief, Tughrul, had been declared independent. It names as governor of Bengal his second wire Bughra Khan (fine in 1290).

Disgrace and execution of Large Rabin of Aragon, Gift Yuçaf de Ecija.
the king Alphonse X of Castille makes show embezzlement its almojarife Juif Zag of Maleha and the fact of carrying out. It lets develop a movement anti-semite. One day of Shabbat of 1280, the officers of the king stop all the Jews gathered in their synagogs and release them only against one enormous total imposition (12 000 maravédis per day, according to the texts, during one year).
Grouping of the cities of the Hanse around Lubeck.

First mention of the league of the cities “Wendes”, gathering Lubeck, Kiel, Wismar, Rostock, later Stralsund (generally associated with Hamburg and Lunebourg).

Flanders: riots of the trades with Douai, Ypres and Bruges about 1280. Last repression.
Strikes and riots with Layered branches, Orleans, Rouen, Caen and Béziers.

In Bulgaria, the boïars émancipent and drive out the last asénide. The civil war ruins the country and allows the infiltration of the Mongolian of the the Volga.
Ivan Asen III, the ex-candidate of Byzantines vis-a-vis the rebellion of Ivajo is drawn aside by Georges Terter, because of his relationship with Byzance.
Ladislas IV of Hungary fight against the Hungarian barons with the assistance of the Coumans.
Beginning of the reign of Tuda Mangu, Khan of the Horde of Gold (fine in 1287).

With died of Mangu Timur, the empire of the Gold Horde starts to be dislocated. The relationship between the various tribes, distant from/to each other, distends, supporting separatisms. The khans depend more and more on the military aristocracy and have nothing any more but one nominal function. Under the reigns of Tuda Mangu and Tula Buka, the capacity is with the hands of Nogaï, which camps between the Don and the Donets and made and demolishes the khans.

the Spanish Jewish philosopher Rashba (Rabbi Shlomo Ben Adret) section the “ question of Maïmonide ” which divides the Jewish community: young people Jews must to practice Talmud and its comments authorized of tradition tosafiste (those “which add” comments to Talmud), then after the twenty years age, under the monitoring of a Master, they can read Maïmonide, even Aristote and Averroès.
In reaction with the diffusion of the rationalist ideas of Maïmonide, the Cabalistes, followed by the small Jewish people, propagates mystical doctrines in favor of the faith, the interior life, the adhesion of the heart and not of the intelligence to the divine belief (Josef ha-Cohen of Soria, Josef Gikatila d' Aragon, Todros de Tolède, Abraham Abulafia de Tudela). The most famous book is the Zohar (“ the Book of Splendors ”) written in araméen late, anonymous, referring to Simon bar Yohaï, Master of Méron as a High-Galileo at the beginning of the talmudic era, one of the first preachers of the extase and mystical adhesion. Zohar would be in fact the work of the Castilian Mossé de León (about 1280 - 1300).

Frescobaldi, banking Italian, advance 122.000 books with the Plantagenêt of 1280 with 1310.

Royal decree ( stadgan ) of Alsnö, in Sweden: it exempts to tax the men of the army of the king, the frälse (“released”) and distinguishes the “combatants with horse” ( riddare ) their servants from weapon ( svenner ).
Beginning of the exploitation of the copper mines of Kopparberg, in the area of Shelly sand, in Sweden.
Beginning of the contruction of the northern section of the Large Channel (China).

February 10th: Marguerite of Constantinople, countess of Hainaut and of Flanders.
May 9th: Magnus VI of Norway.
August 22nd: Nicolas III, Pope
November 25th: Albert Large the, German philosopher called the Doctor Universalis (universal doctor) because of its knowledge in natural science. Encyclopedic spirit, it reconsiders the Christian revelation using the concepts of the philosophy aristotelician which it wants to make available to Christendom. (° 1206).

Be-X-old: 1280 Map-bms: 1280 Simple: 1280

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