1263

This page relates to the year 1263 Calendrier Julien.

Events

the monk Nichiren, returned with Kamakura, takes again its incantations against the traditional Buddhist schools which he shows of collusion with the Mongolian of which he predicts the nearest invasion. The violence of its remarks leads the authorities to stop it and condemn it to dead for subversion. Its sorrow is commuted to 1271 in banishment in the island of Sado, where it remains until in 1273 then finishes its life in the current prefecture of Yamanashi (1280).

Orghana Qatun goes to the court Ariq-bögè, Almaligh, to protest against its dismissal and the nomination of Alghu to the head of the Khanat de Djaghataï. Ariq-bögè sends it as messenger at Alghu, with Samarkand. Orghana likes Alghu, which marries it. The treasurer of Orghana, Mahmoud Yalawatch then finds the means of raising tributes in the big cities of the Western Turkestan. Alghu succeeds in pushing back the attack of Qaïdu, then takes part in the fall of Ariq-bögè in 1264.
Later, Alghu gains new victories against the khan of the Horde of Gold, Berké. It removes Otrar to him and the Khârezm.
the khanat djagathaïde becomes increasingly independent with respect to Karakorum. The big cities of Western Turkestan, like Bukhara and Samarkand, pay from now on tribute only with the khans djagathaïdes.

Berké is combined with the sultan Mamelouk Baybars against the empire of the it-khan of Iran. Baybars obtains the authorization to recruit soldiers in the field of the Horde of Gold.
Houlagou Khan intervenes in the the Caucasus against Berké but is beaten by Nogaï on the edges of the Terek.

September 12th: Assassination of Mindovg Mindaugas, king of Lithuania, with its two sons, by a candidate remained faithful to paganism. Confused fights follow during one half-century.
October 2nd: The Norwegian are demolished by the Scot with the Bataille of Largs (Firth off Clyde) and yield the Hébrides to the Scotland.
November 14th:

Birth of the principality of Moscow. Alexandre Nevski gives Moscow to its young person sons Daniel. He dies of exhaustion of return of Saraï where he had tried to prevent a new punitive forwarding of the Horde of Gold against the Russia.
Beginning of the reign of Iaroslav Iaroslavitch de Tver, large-prince of Vladimir (fine in 1272).

December 15th: Beginning of the reign of Magnus VI Lagaböter (the Legislator), king of Norway (until in 1280).

Magnus VI signs a legal settlement with the Church and fact of many reforms (heredity of the crown). It treats with Hanse to try to improve the condition of the Norwegian merchants.

the Iceland passes under Norwegian control.
In Crete, in front of the resistance of its inhabitants, the Venetian decide to empty the plate of Lassithi of its population.

Life of Holy François d' Assise of Holy Bonaventure.
With died of Alexandre Nevski, a local worship is dedicated to him. Its life is written. He will be canonized in 1547.

monetary Ordinances in France (1263-1266): imposition of the single royal currency in the field, creation of the “large tournaments”.
First ecu S of Gold in France.
Raised ten-per-cent taxes on the clergy to France (a hundredth for five years).
the Italian merchant Pietro Viloni, establishes in Perse, writes its will with Tabriz.
the khan of the Horde of Gold Berké concluded from the trade agreements with Byzance and the Egypt.

Beats-smg: 1263 Be-X-old: 1263 Map-bms: 1263 Simple: 1263

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