1250

This page relates to the year 1250 Calendrier Julien.

Events

February 10th: To the favor of a treason, the franque army enters by surprised inside Mansourah, in Egypt.
April 4th: Demolished Crusaders with the Battle of Mansourah during which Louis IX is made prisoner. He is delighted to carry chains, which according to him, brings it closer to the Passion of the Christ.
April 6th: Mined by an epidemic, badgered by the Egyptian fleet and troops, the cross army capitulates.
May 2nd: The Mamelouk S of Egypt reverse the dynasty Ayyubide. The sultan Al-Mu' adham is assassinated. His/her mother-in-law Chajar AD-Durr is named sultana. She will marry the chief of the Mamelukes `Izz AD-DIN Aybak, thus creating the dynasty Bahrite (fine in 1382).
May 6th: In exchange of Damiette, Louis IX obtains his personal release and pours 400.000 besants for the ransom of the surviving crusaders. Jean de Joinville must force the treasurer of the Temple to pay on its funds the remainder of the sum due for the ransom of the army.
May 13rd: Louis IX unloads with Acre and decides to remain in Holy Land.
At the end of May: The Seventh crusade withdraws Egypt.

February 10th: After the death of Erik Eriksson, Birger Jarl (1210 -1266) made name his/her son Valdemar king de Suède and regency exerts. The crown of Sweden passes to the dynasty Folkkungar (fine in 1365).
Birger Jarl conquers the Finland.
the Hanséates obtain one second letter of privilege to Bergen.

In Lithuania, Mindovg Mindaugas converts with the Christianisme, probably to obtain the alliance of the teutonic Chevaliers.
Foundation of the town of Tromsø in Norway.

Creation of the dioceses of Loutsk, in Volhynie (before 1250) and of Tver (after 1250).

the death of Frederic II involves the collapse of the imperial capacity in Germany and Italy.
Beginning of the Great Interregnum which marks the final success of papacy. The imperial idea survives in the popular conscience but does not count any more in political realities.
Beginning of the reign of Conrad IV, Germanic Roman Emperor (until in 1254). He is also king of Jerusalem and Sicily.
Italy is delivered imperial supervision with died of Frederic II. Papacy weakens in fact.
Return to the capacity of Guelfes to Florence to died of Frederic II. Proclamation of a popular commune.

Agitation in the Parisian trades.
the Parlement of Paris is mentioned for the first time. The series of the registers of stop or “ Olim ” will begin in 1254.

Saint Louis is mainly illustrated by the uprightness of its sentences. The calls of the courses seigneuriales with the court of the king multiplied. In front of the abundance of the causes, the Council of the King must specialize some of his members in the legal affairs, starts Parliament. In the provinces, the king names and revokes the baillifs and the seneshals who return justice on his behalf and impose his will in the administration. Louis endeavors to codify the right and to humanize legal manners. He gives the example while returning the Justice under a oak to Vincennes.

Several monasteries of Île-de-France release their serfs against the granting of a frankness paid out of money, new constructions and the payment of ten-per-cent taxes for the crusade, having put at evil their reserves financial.

a maritime arsenal is opened with Nice by the county of Provence with an aim of competing with Genoa.

Angel with the smile of the Cathedral of Rheims.
the teaching of Averroes begins in France.
Appearance of the Gothic English curvilinéaire ( decorated style ).
Appearance of the broken style, Zacken Stil , in the German stained glass.
Beginning of the development of the stained glasses of the Cathedral of Turns. (completed in 1270).
Beginning of the construction of the Cathedral of Laon. (completed in 1350).
Construction of the Cathedral of Strasbourg (fine in 1318).
From now on, the Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris presents a complete frontage.
Mosaic of the Baptistry of Florence.
Birger Jarl makes build the Cathédrale of Uppsala in Sweden by the architect French Bonneuil.
Sépulture of the king Roy Subdued, powerful mélanésien chief, on the island of Retoka, with 49 sacrificial victims (approximate date).

Dominican the French Vincent of Beauvais publishes his doctrinal Encyclopédie Speculum, historiale and naturale .
the Mirror of the King ( Konungsskuggsjá ), didactic work written in Norwegian during second half of the 13th century.
lma Monogatari (Tales of time present), written with the Japan.

the scientist, Philosopher and German Théologien Albertus Magnus describes a method to produce Arsenic.
Revision of astronomical designs of Ptolémée by a group of scientists brought together by Alphonse X of Castille.
First proven use of the triennial Rotation in the North of the France.

Activity of the English trade of wool.
Drafting of the Laws and habits of the English by Henri de Bracton ( common law ).
Operations of bank: Génois advance more than 100.000 books tournaments in Louis IX at the time of his crusade, that the king pays by mandates on his treasure with Paris. The mandates sent to Genoa are given to a company of Plaisance which, via its representatives with the Foires of Champagne, recovers them in Paris. Placentins immediately pay Génois with the receipt of the mandate: it is the first known example of discount. To the exchange the benefit of the loan is added, and Génois gain nearly 20% with these operations.

Jean IV Lascaris, Byzantine Emperor.
Brace of Leon, Spanish kabbalist, author of the major part of Zohar (until in 1305).

February 2nd: Erik Plogpenning, king of Denmark, assassinated on order of his/her brother Abel.
February 8th: Raoul de Coucy, lord of Coucy. (° v. 1215).
June 7th: Wislaw I {{er}}, prince of Rügen.
July 3rd: Guillaume de Sonnac, 17^e large Master of the Templiers to the Battle of Mansourah
July 6th: Pierre Mauclerc, count de Dreux, “Baillistre” of the duchy of Brittany, i.e. duke of Brittany until in 1237.
December 13rd: Frederic II of Hohenstaufen.

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