1215

This page relates to the year 1215 Calendrier Julien.

Events

Asia

  • May: Sit and taken Beijing (Beijing) by the Mongolian of Gengis Khan, thanks to a revolt of the garrison. The city is delivered to plundering, fire and the murder for one month.

The Middle East

  • the shah of the Khârezm Ala AD-DIN Muhammad takes Ghaznî and the near total of the Afghanistan, which enables him in 1217 to control the parts of the Iran which escaped to him. It then controls the Khorasan, the Transoxiane, Afghanistan and almost whole Iran.

Europe

France

  • June: Simon IV of Montfort and Louis the Lion take Montpellier, Narbonne and Toulouse. Montfort is instituted count de Toulouse by the Concile of Lateran IV the November 11th. The guard of the marquisat of Provence is entrusted to the pope for the minor count, Raymond VII of Toulouse.
  • Dominique de Guzman, Castilian canon, settles with Toulouse where it founds the order begging for the preaching friars ( ordo praedicatorum ). After the confirmation of the community by the Innocent pope III (1215), Dominique sends his companions throughout the world to spread a new style of itinerant preaching requiring a radical poverty (1218 - 1221).

  • Common of Bayonne granted by Jean without Ground.

British Isles

  • June 15th: Under the pressure of the barons of England associated with the clergy and the communes, the king Jean without Ground concedes, by the Magna Carta (or Large Charter ), signed on the island of Runneymede, close to Windsor, of the guarantees to the lords and the Église. The arbitrary royal one is thus limited.
  • August 24th: The Pape Innocent III declares the Magna Carta (or Large Charter) invalid.
    • the Large Charter guarantees the feudal rights, freedoms of the cities against the arbitrary royal one and institutes the control of the tax by the Great Council of the Kingdom. The archbishop of Canterbury, Etienne Langton defends ardently the barons, his name remaining the first to be affixed in the capacity as witness of the Large Charter. When the pope excommunicates the barons, Langton refuses to publish the interdict and is suspended by the pope.
  • August: Jean without Ground rejects the Large Charter what starts the first war of the barons (1215 - 1217).

  • Jean without Ground grants to the Londoners the right to elect their mayor each year.

Italy

  • November 1st: Opening of the Council of Lateran IV after 2 years and half of preparation. This Concile of Lateran IV organizes the Fifth crusade, forces to the Christians to be confessed and of communier once the year and imposes the port of a clothing particular to the Juif S and with the Moslems and prohibits all to them public offices. It devotes also pontifical suzerainty on the Sicily and the England and issues the centralization of the administration of the Papauté whose prestige is with its zenith.
  • the Guelfes (of Welfen, German princely family) and the Gibelins (of Waiblingen, seigniory of the Hohenstaufen) are opposed in rival factions partisanes. The guelfes support the capacity of the pope, the gibelins that of the emperor.

Holy roman Empire

  • With the council of Lateran, the bishop of Prague, depend on the Archbishop of Mainz, anxious to eliminate the laic influence in the Church, obtains a relative freedom of nomination to the ecclesiastical loads.

Art & culture

  • Robert de Courçon gives his statutes to the Université of Paris. They fix the conditions of recruitments of the Masters, the discipline and the object of teaching.
  • Robert Grosseteste studies with Paris (1215 - 1219).
  • the work of Joachim de Flore, monk cistercian, on the unit of the Trinity, is condemned to the council of Lateran.
  • University of Arezzo, rested by students of Bologna in conflict with the communal supervision.
  • Troparium of the Saint-Guy church (Saint-Saw) Prague, written in Latin.

Economy & company

  • probable Destruction by the projection of the glaciers of the forests of Aletsch and Grindelwald in the the Alps.
  • According to the Algerian chronicler Maqqarî (death in 1632), three thousand Latin merchants would have touched Alexandria for the year 1215 - 1216.
  • Raised ten-per-cent taxes on the clergy in France (one twentieth for five years). The money collected is sent to the Holy Land legate so that it distributes it to the crusaders.

  • nonwell informed or unknown Dates :
    • Robert de Boron composes the history of Graal .
    • Dedication of the Temple of Mahabodi of Pagan in Burma.
    • Al Qifti writes a Histoire of the Exact sciences .
    • Fine of Polonnaruwa and formation of local kingdoms to Ceylon.

Births in 1215

Death in 1215

Be-X-old: 1215 Map-bms: 1215 Simple: 1215

Random links:Victorin Jasset | Saux-and-Pomarède | Maurice Féaudierre | Wood-the Bishop | Robert Carmichael | Réseau_maillé