1197

This page relates to the year 1197 Calendrier Julien.

Events

America

  • Advent of the fifth INCA Inti Yupanqui. It founds an empire by subjecting all the tribes established around the lake Titicaca and by reaching the coast of the Pacifique.

Asia

  • Qutub AD-DIN Aïbak attacks the Gujerat.
  • In India, the monastery of Nâlandâ, Buddhist center of studies is destroyed by the Musulman S.

The Middle East

  • the emperor Henri VI share in Crusade. The princes of Cyprus and Arménie recognize its suzerainty in exchange of royal crowns. Henri claims the participation of Byzance, then the payment of a high annual tribute for which the emperor Alexis III Angel must raise an extraordinary tax ( alamanikon ) and strip the imperial tombs. Henri, who married his brother Philippe de Souabe with Irene, girl of Isaac Ange, is posed as an avenger of the détrôné emperor. One needs the Byzantine payments and the opposition of the pope to divert the crusade of Constantinople towards the Holy Land. The first quotas which precede the emperor take again Sidon and Beirut and thus restore the terrestrial communications between Acre and Tripoli (1197), but the death of Henri IV in Messine in September disperses forwarding.
  • C Henri II of Champagne, king of Jerusalem, concluded an alliance with the Assassins. He goes in person in their fortress of Al-Kahf to meet their large Master Sinan. To prove its absolute authority on its followers, this one orders to two of them to throw top of the ramparts. They are carried out at once.
  • September 10th: Henri II of Champagne dies while falling accidentally from a window of its palate of Acre A few weeks after its death, the fanaticized German pilgrims seize Saïda and Beirut, before being made cut in part on the road of Jerusalem, while Al-Adel recovers Jaffa.
  • Amaury II of Lusignan becomes king of Jerusalem (fine in 1205). He marries the queen Isabelle, widow of Conrad de Montferrat (crowning in January 1198).

Europe

  • September 28th:
    • Interregnum in Germany with died of Henri VI. Civil war in Germany (end in 1214). The pope Innocent III benefits from the minority of Frederic II and his alliance with Philippe Auguste to intervene in the German businesses in order to establish a theocracy and to extend the Papal States.
    • Creation of the Tuscan League with died of Henri IV. Florence takes the head of the revolt against the imperial capacity.
    • Beginning of the reign of Frederic Roger (Frederic II), king of Sicily, under the supervision of the Innocent pope III until its majority (end in 1250).

  • the king of Aragon, Pierre II, grants a charter of freedoms to the town of Perpignan (currently in France), ensuring the right to him car-to be managed via consuls elected among the three social big classes of the city.
  • Marriage of Bérangère, girl of Alphonse VIII Noble the with his/her cousin Alphonse IX of León.
  • Richard Lion-hearted built Castle-Strapping man with the Andelys.
  • Philippe Auguste advances until Ypres, devastating the grounds of the count of Flanders, but must move back.

  • Ottokar Ier Přemysl is made concede the title of king of Bohemia by the emperor Philippe de Souabe and supports German colonization in its States.
  • the king of Bulgaria Petăr IV is assassinated. Beginning of the reign of Ivan Asen, known as Kalojan (the beautiful Jean), tsar of Bulgaria (fine in 1207). The Bulgare kingdom increases Belgrade with Varna, on the Black Sea.
  • Romain, prince of Volhynie, joins together the Galicie and the Volhynie. He marries Anne de Byzance.

Art & culture

Births in 1197

Death in 1197

Be-X-old: 1197 Map-bms: 1197 Nds-nl: 1197 Simple: 1197

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