1135

This page relates to the year 1135 Calendrier Julien.

Events

the Djürchet conduct a campaign against the Mongolian of Kabul khan, which ends in the victory of this last (1139).

Raymond of Poitiers becomes prince of Tripoli. He marries Constance, a eight year old child, girl of Bohémond II of Antioche and Alix.
Zanki replaces franques in addition to Oronte which threatened Alep.

January: Zanki receives a desperate call of the atabek of Damas, Ismaël, requiring of him to take possession of its city as soon as possible, if not it is verait forced to deliver it to the Francs.
When the notable ones of Damas learn the projects from Ismaël, they decide to be opposed to it by all the means. They make a statement on the situation to the mother of Ismaël, the princess Zomorrod (Emerald), who makes assassinate her son by her servants (January 30th). The chronicler Ibn Al-Athir thinks that it has acts by learning that Ismaël had as a project to kill his/her lover, the main thing adviser of Ismaël, and can be also to punish it itself.
Zomorrod then installs on the throne another of its sons, Mahmoud, and Damas prepares to resist Zanki, which furious, established its camp in the North-East of the city. The defenders, directed by an old companion of Toghtekin, the Turk Moinuddin Ounar, are decided to fight until the end. After some skirmishes, the atabek is solved with a compromise: the leaders of the besieged city recognize his suzerainty in a purely nominal way. Mid-March, Zanki, to raise the moral one of its troops, makes go its army towards north and seizes four franques fortified towns, of which Maara.
June: The caliph of Baghdad Al-Mustarchid, given up by the majority of the emirs, is overcome and captured by the sultan saljûqide Massoud who will make it assassinate two months later.

Offensive Byzantine in the East (fine in 1138): catch of Castamouni by Jean II Comnène. The Turks Danichmentites of Mélitène are overcome, the Armenians of Cilicie and the prince of Antioche Raymond of Poitiers is subjected (1135). The border is pushed back until the Halys.

February 1st: Beginning of the reign of Etienne of Blois, king of England (fine in 1154).

Beginning of the English civil war between Etienne of Blois and Mathilde Emperesse. Mathilde will be overcome (fine in 1148).
Henri Ier of England dies without leaving wire. Its Etienne nephew of Blois manages to be made crown. But its weakness and the concessions of which it had paid the supports of the clergy and the barons multiplies the revolts, worsened by the interventions Scottish. Its reactions of an excessive violence allow Mathilde, girl of Henri Ier Beauclerc and marries Geoffroi Plantagenêt, despoiled throne of England, to intervene and to be made recognize like queen. But a new return of fortune brings back Etienne on the throne. Mathilde is maintained in Normandy.
Etienne of Blois concedes with large England a reduction in the capacity of the sheriffs and the return to the old habits seigneuriales.

the heresy Cathare worries the clergy in the north of Gaulle.
Construction of the castle of Leiria to the Portugal, advanced station in direction of the Moors.

Harald IV Gille seizes the throne of Norway but is killed by another applicant (1136).
the Denmark account eight dioceses.

With Mersebourg, Boleslas III the Stop-Chest of Poland recognizes Vassal of the emperor Lothaire II and agrees to pay him an annual tribute.
Foundation of the Abbey of Sturzelbronn.

Beginning of the construction of the large temple of Jagannâtha with Pûri, dedicated to Visnu as a lord of the universe (Orissa).
Beginning of the construction of the cathedral of Direction (fine in 1168).
Construction of abbey of Saint-Denis by Suger (fine in 1144).
Construction of large the Mosque of Tlecem in Ifrikiya (Tunisia).
Geoffroy de Monmouth, bishop of St Asaph with the Wales, written its History of Breton the ( Historia regum Britanniae ) source of the legend arthurienne.

Map-bms: 1135 Simple: 1135

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