-525

This page relates to the year -525 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Polycrate tyrant of Samos, combined of the Pharaon of Egypt, betrays this last and provides forty ships for the invasion of the Egypt to Cambyse {{II}}.

Clisthène and Miltiade is elected Archonte S with Athens (fine in -523).
Hegemony of Thèbes in Béotie. It works out a political structure comprising of the federal magistrates and a common currency (cf -395).

Culture villanovienne of Certosa in the area of Bologna.
the Etruscans take Felsina (Bologna) and are established in the valley of the Po (Spina, Marzabotto).

the Persian king Cambyse {{II}}, after having eliminated his/her brother Bardiya, conquers the Egypt and advances until in Nubie and Libya. (, end in -404). It fails against Siouah (Oasis of Amon) and the Ethiopia. It gives up attacking Carthage.

the Pharaon Psammétique {{III}} is overcome with the battle of Péluse by Cambyse. It is folded up with Memphis, where again overcome it commits suicide after six months of reign. Cambyse {{II}} becomes king of High and Low-Egypt under the name of Mésoutirê (fine in -522).

At the time when Cambyse {{II}} has invades Egypt and wishes to conquer the Nubie, a king of Aksoum is mentioned at the court of Hidaspe, king of Napata - Méroé, and takes part in a coalition against the Perses, which are pushed back in Egypt.
In February 1984, an archaeological forwarding américano-Egyptian woman led by Gary Chafetz discovered in the Eastern Sahara several hundreds of tombs and bones which would be the remainders of a Persian army launched by Cambyse with discovered of the Black Africa.

Cambyse {{II}}, constant in its fight against his/her brother by the caste of the magi, gives them the guard of the tomb of his/her father and fact of their chief, Oropaste, his right-hand man. Master of the government, Oropaste conceives the project to restore the old empire of the Mèdes. Whereas Cambyse guerroie in Africa, it makes pass near the people his Gaumâta brother for Bardiya. But chiefs of the principal Perses clans, whose Darius, is not let misuse.
Cambyse, the disturbed spirit, is devoted to many violences, such as the murder of his/her Roxane sister.

Beginning of the reign of Bimbisara, king of Magadha in the south of the Bihâr, (- 525/-500 or -553/-491).

Wire of Mahapadma (dynasty of Shishuniga, cf -414), Bimbisara, thanks to its matrimonial policy and with its conquests, constitutes a powerful state in the East (taken kingdom of Anga, on the Eastern coast). It obtains with an effective administration and a powerful army. It builds its capital with Râjargrha (Râjgir).

In India, Bimbisara sticks to the development of agriculture and encourages the clearing and the setting in culture of many grounds. There are no landowners, the State with the seizure on agriculture. Bimbisara, to feed the public cases, sets up an effective system of collection of taxes, employing civils servant operating into the villages.
the use of the currency is diffused in the commercial colonies of the Greece of North (Thasos, Abdère) and in Macedonia (money mines of the Pangée).
First appearance of the Trière S in Greece (Samos).

Beginning supposed of the teaching of the Buddha.
the king of Magadha Bimbisara supports the Bouddhisme and the Jaïnisme, which enables him to be released from the influence of the Hindu clergy and to have an independent policy by keeping the reputation to be a pious man to have the support of the people.
With Rome, Tarquin Superb the makes build on the Capitole a temple of Jupiter decorated with terra cotta manufactured by artists of Véies.
Polycrate rebuilds the temple of Héra to Samos, destroyed by a fire.

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