-480

This page relates to the year -480 Calendrier Julien proleptic.

Events

Be: Victoire of Gélon of Syracuse, Tyrant of Syracuse to Himère against the Carthaginian.

Térillos, tyrant of Himère, driven out by Théron of Agrigente, had called at the same time with the Carthaginian Hamilcar and Anaxilas, tyrant of Rhêgion, to which the possession of Zancle (Messine), made it possible to control the straits. Agrigente calls upon Syracuse (Gélon is the son-in-law of Théron) to drive out the Carthaginians, which cease during 70 years being interested in the Sicily and must take refuge in the south of the island, in particular with Soloïs (Solonte).

Creation of the kingdom of the the Bosphorus Cimmérien around Panticapée, its capital. It links Greek cities and barbarians. It provides great quantities of corn to the Greece.

Spring: Persians (approximately 250.000 men) and the Greeks face the south of the Thessalie, the Greeks occupying a strong defensive position with the Thermopyles. But a treason allows Xerxès Ier, in July, to circumvent the Greeks in the mountain obliging the latter to make retirement towards the leaving southern with Léonidas Ier, king of Sparte and with its 300 Spartiates like to 700 Thespiens the care to delay with the maximun Persians, thus making the sacrifice of their life. (In the Antiquité the width of the procession was only of 50 meters, sometimes 10 at certain places. Nowadays, because of the alluvia of the Sperchios, it reaches from 2 to 5 kilometers.)

Battle of Thermopyles. Central Greece and the Attique are invaded. The Philistines fight side of Persians then.
naval Battle of the course Artémision, located at the Northern of the island of Eubée, between Persians and Greeks. The Greek fleet ordered by Eurybiade of Sparte held head to with it during approximately 3 days with the Persian fleet. It is folded up in Salamine with the advertisement of died of Léonidas.

September: The population of Athens, on the councils of Thémistocle and not without evil, is evacuated on Phalère and in the island of Salamine.
September 21st: Taken by Persians, Athens is set fire to and the inhabitants who remained massacred.
September 23rd: The Athenian , demolish the Persian marine with Salamine (Salamis). More than 1000 trirèmes Persian take part in the battles against 380 Athenian. Xerxès Ier is withdrawn in Thessalie, leaves the command to his/her brother-in-law Mardonios and turns over to Persia. The Persian army is withdrawn for its winter quarters in Thessalie.
the Greeks take again part of the Cyclades, which they use.

Cléombrote Ier becomes king of Sparte, thus succeeding his/her brother Léonidas Ier.

With Rome, Consul At of Mr. Fabius Vibulanus (for the second time) and Cn. Manlius Cincinnatus.

having lost part of their possessions in the Mediterranean, and noting that the road of Tartessos is threatened by the Greeks of Massalia, the Magonides extend their authority in Africa. The surge of new colonists come from Tyr, fallen in decline, encourages the Carthaginians to colonize the back African country and to develop new trade route. They seize the grounds cultivated by the Libyans and make slaves of them. They occupy the Cape Bon, Such, and establish or develop counters with Lepcis (Homs, in the east), in Tamusiga (Mogador, in the east) and beyond.
the principal activities of North Africa at the time Carthaginian are agriculture (corn, barley, olive-tree, vine) and the breeding of horses.

In Greece, beginnings of the traditional time. The cities reach their apogee in art and architecture.
free Style in ceramic painting, inspired by great painting (Polygnote de Thasos).
Temple of Héra to Paestum (Italy).
Large temple of Zeus to Cyrène.
Burial of the princess of Vix (fall discovered in 1953, to see Tombe of Vix).

the Persian , to avoid a new disaster with the mount Athos, spend three years to dig a channel in the north of the peninsula. They launch bridges on the Strymon, establish a port with the mouth of the river and constitute warehouses of grains in Thrace and Macedonia. Two bridges of boats are placed on the Hellespont. Destroyed by a storm, they are rebuilt by the Greek Harpale.

the king Léonidas Ier de Sparte is killed with the battle of Thermopyles.
Pythagore de Samos, mathematician and Greek Philosopher .
Héraclite d' Éphèse (the Obscure one), Ionian philosopher father of the dialectical thought and the theory of the evolution.
Anaximène, Ionian philosopher disciple of Anaximandre.
Hécatée de Milet, geographer and historian (born in -540).
Lysias, Athenian speaker.

Be-X-old: 480 дан.э

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