-2004

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---- This page relates to the year -2004 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

the Élam ites devastate Sumer. Idadu I {{er}}, king de Shimashki and of Élam, attacks Ur, takes it, plunders it and sets fire to it. Ibbi-Sin is made prisoner and taken along to the country of Anshan where he dies.

the fall of Ur marks the one time end: the language sumérienne will be less and less spoken, used only by the well-read men, the scientists and the priests. The Semitic , Akkadien S or Amorrites, will create small kingdoms into Low Mésopotamie. While waiting, Low Mésopotamie knows one century of relative peace under the aegis of the sovereigns of Isin.

the economic and social organization of Sumer is transformed. Large the, average ones and small holders divide the grounds which are leased with the remainder of the population. The trade is made kingdoms in kingdoms, the kingdoms located at the borders or close to the gulf ensuring the connection with the foreigner (Mari with the Syria, Assur with the Anatolia, Eshnunna with the Élam, Larsa for Dilmoun), by taking heavy taxes with the passage, which creates many local conflicts. The tradesmen, trained in associations (kârum), grow rich and hold the largest part of the money supply (barley and money-metal, more and more used). The merchant (tamkâru) plays a crucial role in the life of the city. He moves personally in the great centers for his business transactions, but made also act of the agents and the correspondents in sometimes distant cities. He plays the part of banker by lending money to the private individuals and by financing forwardings. Industry develops on smaller units than for the previous period. The state and the temple separate. The priests are satisfied to ensure the service of the former gods of Sumer, who them, survive.

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