-1650

| ''' XVII {{E}} front century J. - C. ''' |

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---- This page relates to the year -1650 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

First palate of Mycènes founded by the Achaens.
Argos is eclipsed by Mycènes and Tirynthe.
Apogee of the Crete Minoenne which controls the islands of Egée and trade regularly with the Egypt.

XVII {{E}} dynasty (Thèbes)
Reign of Rêhotep, then of its sons: the name of first is lost (it reigns 3 years), Sekhemrê Oupmaât Intef or Antef Old the (V), which reigns 3 years, Sekhemrê Herouhermaât Antef (VI) which reigns only a few months. Then Sobekemsaf (16 years), Antef VII, Senakhtenrê (?), Seqenenrê Taâ.

princes de Thèbes, resulting certainly from a local branch of the XIII {{E}} dynasty, reign on High Egypt parallel to XVe and XVIe dynasties, of foreign origin, which reign on the Delta.

Under Antef VII, king builder and warrior, Thèbes dominates High Egypt of Assouan to Abydos (8 name). He marries Sobekemsaf, originating in Edfou, which ensures the union between the two cities.
the ninth king of the XVIIe dynasty, Seqenenrê Taâ, wire of Senakhtenrê and the Tetisheri queen, wife her Aâhhotep sister, who gives him six children of which Kamosis and Ahmosis. It begins the fight against the king of Avaris Apopi (v. -1600). He manages little by little to gather around him a coalition of opposition then of reconquest, using the contest of many Nubian mercenaries.

the king hittite Labarnas II conquers the Hatti in the loop of the Halys where it founds his capital Hattusha (Bogâzköy) and is made call Hattousil. It seizes Zalpa, on the Black Sea and Arzawa (country louvite), in the south-west of Anatolia. It crosses Kizzuwatna (Cilicie) and conducts campaigns towards the Syria of North. Alalakh (Such Atchana) and devastated, Urshu (not identified) in the North-East of Alep is conquered and the Syrian troops overcome in Commagène.

In the south, the kingdom of Iamhad, which has as a capital Alep and whose Alalakh is the vassal one and the Hourrites, in the east, reacts and invades the Hittite kingdom. Hattousil, then in Arzawa, counter-attack and must return in Cappadoce. It will still carry the weapons to Syria of North without succeeding in overcoming the kingdom of Iamhad.
This policy expansionist leads to a strong dilation of the kingdom hittite; the bases are however fragile, on the one hand because the gained countries are not hittitisés yet, and then because the institutions leave one big leeway to an disobedient nobility which makes run in Hattousil great dangers by coups d'etat, plots where revolts or often soak members of its family.
Following the revolt of his/her son and his daughter, king Hattousil adopts, then exiles its nephew. Patient, it designates his grandson Mursili, very young, to succeed to him.

Tombs with pits discovered close to the acropolis of Mycènes (circle B) containing of the silver and gold vases, pearl of amber and the first noble metal funeral mask (1650-1550).
Tomb of warrior on the site of Kolonna to Égine containing weapons decorated with gold, money and ivory.
Of constructions, certainly imposing, built with Hattusha between -1650 and -1400, it does not remain large thing.
the goddess of the Sun Wurusemu of Arinna, divinity Hatti, occupies the first place in the Pantheon hittite.
In Egypt, the small kingdom of Thèbes endeavors to maintain the culture and the uses of the great Egyptian tradition.

Introduction of the tank of war harnessed of horses by the Hyksos in Egypt. The military tactics are modified.
the use of bronze increases in Egypt.
Relations of the Hyksos with Cyprus, the Syria of North (Short-nap cloth-Shamra/Ougarit) and in the south to the kingdom of Kerma with which Hyksos had wished to be combined against the movement of reconquest of the XVIIe dynasty.
Papyrus of Ahmès, known as Rhind, container of invaluable data on mathematics (v. 1660).

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