-1370

| ''' XIV {{E}} front century J. - C. ''' |

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---- This page relates to the year -1370 Gregorian Calendrier.

Events

Europe

Destruction of Cnossos, in Crete (earthquake, raid of the Lukka or victory of the continental Greeks). Civilization crétoise crumbles and the Crete makes party of the world mycénien.

Egypt

Reign of Aménophis IV (reign 19 years)

Meryrê, large priest of Aton and intendant; Amose, then Nakht, viziers; Any, royal scribe and intendant; May, intendant and chief of all work.

Aménophis IV, wire of Aménophis III and Tiy, goes up on the throne towards the 15 years age. In year 4 of its reign, it takes the name of Akhénaton (the servant of the solar disk). Mystical Pharaon and autocrat, it abolishes the worship of Amon for which it substitutes that of Aton (the solar disk). It gives up Thèbes to found a new capital, Akhetaton (“the Horizon of Aton”, Such el-Amarna), built in five years to 320 km in the north of Thèbes.

The close East

the gold sendings of Egypt to the Asian allies (Assyrie, Mitanni and Babylonia) are dried up, the diplomatic relations are degraded. Weakened Mitanni, Akhénaton, with the aim of not intervene directly in Syria of North, milked with the king of Amourrou Abdi-Ashirta, doubtful ally, with the detriment of the king of Byblos, honest bank account number-Addi. At this time, a revolt in Syria of North is repressed quickly by the king Hittite Suppiluliuma Ier (- 1368). Hittites intervene then in Mitanni (v.1360). The king d' Amourrou Azirou, successor of Abdi-Ashirta follows a policy of balance between Egypt and the Hatti. He assassinates the Egyptian governor residing at Simyra (Phénicie), then makes sure the seizure of the Mediterranean coast, between Byblos and Ougarit. The disorder gains Canaan, where the princes of Sichem and Gezer seek to increase their possessions at the expense of their neighbors. King de Byblos bank account number-Addi is expelled of the city by his brother and the party of Azirou, then delivered to Sidoniens. The Pharaon still does not intervene. Egypt loses Syria of North to the profit of Hatti which fixes the border at the Oronte. Akhénaton renews alliance with Suppiluliuma, then seeks the support of Assyrie, which causes the anger of the king of Babylon, Burnaburiash II, which regards Assyrian as its subjects. Akhénaton then gives an Egyptian princess to a son of Burnaburiash. This last ends up approaching the Assyrians to repress the incursions of the plundering nomads Sutéens which paralyzed the commercial traffic. The girl of Ashur-ubalit marries the son of Burnaburiash.

Arts & cultures

Fine of the productions of art palatial in Crete (weapons, vase of stone, seals, ivories). The Minoan religion remains (figurines of “goddesses to the raised arms”), but the names of divinities delivered by the texts (Dionysos, our lady of the Labyrinthe) testify to a syncretism complexes créto-mycénien.

Discovered in Akhet-Aton of the files of the chancellery of Akhenaton and his/her father, written in akkadien, language of diplomacy of the time (1887).

the worship of Aton inaugurates the intolerant monotheism. He affirms the providential kindness of the sun source of the life. Any element of creation is good essentially, and the dysfunctions and the evil, whose account the traditional design of the cosmic combat returned, of are taken into account. As Aton, the god appears in his totality, without remaining a hidden aspect (Amon, hidden, was the hidden part of Amon-Re). Its will is revealed only with the king his son, interprets of the god, whose capacity could not be disputed.

the “reform” religious (abandonment of the past, destruction of the names and the images of Amon and other gods), result of an older movement, seems to have had only little impact apart from the royal medium and the court. It is accompanied by an esthetic revolution which generate a more realistic art and a mystical literature. The queen Néfertiti takes part in this revolution and will remain faithful to the worship of Aton after the death of her husband.

Economy and company

the Greek and Cypriot imports develop in Egypt. for the Armana period (- 1375, -1350) then they decline.
Crete continues its economic and demographic progression after the fall of Cnossos.

Sciences and technology

Births

Death

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